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Improved Device Performances in Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes by Microcavity Effects
Joo, Chul Woong,Moon, Jaehyun,Hwang, Joohyun,Han, Jun-Han,Shin, Jin-Wook,Cho, Doo-Hee,Huh, Jin Woo,Chu, Hye Yong,Lee, Jeong-Ik Institute of Pure and Applied Physics 2012 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol.51 No.9
Joohyun Shim,Nayoung Ko,Yongjin Lee,Hyoung-joo Kim,Jae-kyung Park,Kimyung Choi 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.41 No.2
Genetically modified pigs have been considered valuable models of human disease and donors for xenotransplantation. Here, we used Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) to knock out the Yucatan miniature pig α-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GGTA1) gene, which generates Gal epitopes that trigger hyperacute immune rejection in pig-to-human transplantation. ZFNs were designed to cleave a region of the GGTA1 gene. Biallelic GTKO cell lines were established from single cell colonies of ear fibroblasts derived from Yucatan miniature pigs following transfection by electroporation. Two cell lines were selected as donor cell line for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) for the generation of GTKO pigs. The reconstructed GTKO embryos were subsequently transferred into two recipient gilts, of which one became pregnant. We obtained four live piglets and one stillborn. Genotyping of all cloned individuals was performed. The Gal expression in the fibroblasts of all piglets was analyzed by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and western blotting. Sequencing analyses of the target site confirmed the homozygous GGTA1-null mutation in all fetuses and piglets, consistent with the genotype of the donor cells. Furthermore, FACS and western blotting analyses demonstrated that Gal epitopes were completely absent from the fibroblasts of all GTKO piglets.
Hyoung-Joo Kim,Joohyun Shim,Nayoung Ko,Yongjin Lee,Jae-Kyung Park,Kyungmin Kwak,Jun-Hyeong Kim,Pulip Kang,Jeong-Woong Lee,Hyunil Kim,Kimyung Choi 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2, which continues to raise, public health concerns worldwide. Coronaviruses have an outer crown-like spike protein that binds to the human Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene, resulting in infection via endocytosis. Therefore, research on hACE2 is expected to be critical for developing our understaining of COVID-19. To facilitate this, we developed Yucatan miniature pigs expressing hACE2 as animal models for COVID-19 research. First, vector containing hACE2 gene, FLAG tag, and GFP was constructed using the CMV promoter. Three lines of stable cell lines with hACE2 protein expression were created by transfecting Yucatan miniature pig ear fibroblasts with the constructed vector. The established cells then underwent somatic cell nuclear transfer, and were transferred to surrogate sows as donor cells, resulting in the successful production of four transgenic cloned pigs. PCR analysis confirmed that the hACE2 gene was inserted into the genome, and that hACE2 mRNA was well-expressed in the lung, heart, and small intestine. In addition, differences in protein expression between transgenic clones and wild-type pigs were confirmed using ear fibroblasts. Finally, karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed that the transgenic cloned pigs had the same number of chromosomes as normal pigs (36 chromosomes, plus two sex chromosomes), and that the hACE2 gene was inserted into chromosome 17. In this study, we succesfully produced transgenic Yucatan miniature pigs expressing the hACE2 gene for use as prelinical COVID-19 target models. *This work has supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (NRF-2020M3A9I2105803).
Yongjin Lee,Joohyun Shim,Nayoung Ko,Hyoung-Joo Kim,Jeakyoung Park,Kwak Kyungmin,Kimyung Choi 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2018 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.06
Alanine known as non-essential amino acid was detected at high concentration in reproductive tracts and follicular fluid in developing porcine antral follicle. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of alanine supplementation during in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine oocyte. We investigated nuclear maturation, intraoocyte glutathione (GSH) contents in metaphase II (MII) oocytes, and subsequent embryonic development. And also, We detected the gene expression pattern in MII oocytes, early embryo and blastocyst derived parthenogenesis (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The base medium for IVM was North Carolina State University-23 (NCSU-23) medium, modified by supplementing 10 ng/mL EGF, 0.5 ug/mL FSH, and 0.5 ug/ LH, replacing BSA with 0.1% (w/v) PVA, and deleting glutamine. Alanine of various concentrations (0, 0.363, 1, 5, and 10 mM) were added to base IVM medium. The proportion of mature oocyte after IVM did not increase by alanine treatment at various concentrations. However, The intraoocyte GSH content was higher (p<0.05) in oocytes treated with 0.363 mM alanine (1.17±0.01 pixels per oocyte) than non-treated oocytes (1.00±0.02 pixels per oocyte). Blastocyst formation of PA (31.2±2.5% vs. 19.8±2.5%) and SCNT (20.5±1.9% vs. 10.1±2.0%) embryos was significantly (p<0.05) improved by treatment with 0.363 mM alanine during IVM compared with embryos derived from the non-treated oocytes. Supplementation of oocytes IVM medium with 0.363 mM alanine significantly (p<0.05) increased the gene expression of POU5F1 and FGFR2 levels in early embryo and blastocyst derived PA and SCNT embryos. In MII oocytes, transcript levels of POU5F1 and FGFR2 as well as CDK1 gene were significantly (p<0.05) increased in 0.363 mM alanine-treated oocytes. Our results demonstrate that treatment with 0.363 mM alanine during pig oocyte maturation improves developmental competence after PA and SCNT by influencing cytoplasmic maturation, such as improved GSH content in IVM oocyte and increasing gene expression associated with embryonic development in oocyte and embryo.
Generation of the GGTA1/CMAH/hCD46 Genetically Modified Pigs for Xenotransplantation
Hyoung-Joo Kim,Joohyun Shim,Nayoung Ko,Yongjin Lee,Jae-Kyung Park,Kimyung Choi 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.41 No.2
The demand for organ transplantation has rapidly increased all over the world during the past decade. Genetically modified pigs provide a solution to the severe shortage of organs available for human transplantation. Porcine α-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GGTA1) gene is generates Gal-T epitopes that trigger hyperacute rejection in pig-to-human transplantation. Since production of GGTA1 knock-out pigs in 2002, non-gal antigens are considered to be the next xenoantigen involved in the rejection phenomenon. Here, we targeted the GGTA1 and CMP-Neu5Ac hydroxylase (CMAH) genes with CRISPR-Cas9 systems resulting in double knock-out pigs that no longer express α-Gal or Neu5Gc. Similar to GGTA1 gene, CMAH is widely expressed on the endothelial cells of many mammals except humans and this epitope is a potential porcine target for the antinon- gal antibody in humans. CMAH is responsible for the expression of Neu5Gc that key non-gal antigen. Additionally, hCD46 controls complement activation and when this gene expressed sufficiently as a transgene protects xenografts against complement-mediated rejection. This is report to describe generation of transgenic pigs that modify GGTA1, CMAH and hCD46. We expect to remove α-gal and Neu5Gc antigens and express hCD46 from pig for reducing human antibody mediated cytotoxicity.
Pricing for Past Channel State Information in Multi-Channel Cognitive Radio Networks
Kang, Sunjung,Joo, Changhee,Lee, Joohyun,Shroff, Ness B. IEEE Computer Society 2018 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING Vol.17 No.4
<P>Cognitive Radio (CR) networks have received significant attention as a promising approach to improve the spectrum efficiency of current license-based regulatory system. In CR networks, a Secondary User (SU) can use a spectrum vacancy that can be detected by either sensing-before-transmission or database access. However, it is often difficult to detect a vacant spectrum opportunity because of inaccuracies due to sensing and delays to update and/or the database that holds this information. In this paper, we develop a hybrid detection framework in multi-channel CR networks, where an SU can selectively sense a channel for spectrum vacancy by accessing the spectrum history of Markovian channels. We focus on the value of the channel history information offered by the Primary Provider (PP) of each channel, and consider a market for the information exchange between multiple PPs and SUs. We investigate the interplay between of the PPs and the SUs through their pricing and buying decisions for this information, in the presence of sensing inaccuracy, i.e., false alarm and miss detection.</P>