Abiotic Factors Influencing Growth and Ginsenoside Content of Panax ginseng Roots

Jinu Eo,Hwang-Seong Mo,Kee-Choon Park 한국원예학회 2018 원예과학기술지 Vol.36 No.5

We aimed to evaluate the effects of abiotic factors on root growth and ginsenoside content of Panax ginseng and on the tradeoff between these two properties. Three experiments tested the effects of fertilization, soil particle size and cultivation site, respectively, on root growth and ginsenoside content. Moderate applications of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium did not significantly influence ginsenoside content. Root weight was negatively correlated with ginsenosides Rg1 and Rg2 with excessive fertilization, suggesting that environmental stress caused by excessive fertilization might have created a tradeoff. We tested the effect of soil type by separating soil out according to particle size (ie, < 0.5, 0.5-1 and 1-2 mm, and a mixed control). Root weight was lower in soil of < 0.5 mm, and roots were longer in soil of 1-2 mm compared with those of the control. Total ginsenoside and ginsenoside Rb1 content was lower in soil of < 0.5 mm than those of the unsieved control. These results indicate that soil texture is an important factor determining ginsenoside yield and root quality. The effect of cultivation site was compared among 5 locations using the same soil type. There was a 2.8-fold difference in root weight and a 2.1-fold difference in total ginsenoside content between the highest and lowest values among 5 sites, and no significant correlation was found between root growth and ginsenoside content. Our results suggest that ginsenoside content was influenced by abiotic stresses caused by changes in nutrient, moisture, and temperature. We conclude that proper management of abiotic stresses can promote both root growth and ginsenoside content without a tradeoff between these two properties.

Plant Specific Effects of Cover Crops on Rhizosphere Microbial Community

Jinu Eo(어진우),Kee-Choon Park(박기춘),Seung-Chang Hong(홍성창) 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.10

Effects of Vermicompost Application on the Growth and Ginsenoside Content of Panax ginseng in a Reclaimed Field

Eo, Jinu,Park, Kee-Choon,Lim, Jin-Soo,Kim, Myung-Hyun,Choi, Soon-Kun,Na, Young-Eun 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.2

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of vermicomposts on the growth parameters and ginsenoside content of ginseng roots. Food waste vermicompost (FW), cow manure vermicompost (CM), and paper sludge vermicompost (PS) were applied at 10 and $40t\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. One-year-old seedlings were transplanted and 4-year-old roots were harvested. Soil nitrate and phosphate concentrations were increased in the plots applied with FW and CM at $40t\;ha^{-1}$. Soil pH and exchangeable Ca concentrations were higher at FW $40t\;ha^{-1}$ than at CM $40t\;ha^{-1}$. Root yield increased when treated with FW $40t\;ha^{-1}$ in comparison to the yield for the control. The incidences of root rot disease and ginsenoside content were not significantly affected by the treatments. The results suggested that application of vermicompost might not show a relationship between root biomass and ginsenoside content. It further showed that proper use of vermicompost can promote root yield without a reduction in root quality or an increase in the incidence of root rot disease in reclaimed fields.

Effects of Vermicompost Application on the Growth and Ginsenoside Content of Panax ginseng in a Reclaimed Field

Jinu Eo,Kee-Choon Park,Jin-Soo Lim,Myung-Hyun Kim,Soon-Kun Choi,Young-Eun Na 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.2

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of vermicomposts on the growth parameters and ginsenoside content of ginseng roots. Food waste vermicompost (FW), cow manure vermicompost (CM), and paper sludge vermicompost (PS) were applied at 10 and 40 t ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. One-year-old seedlings were transplanted and 4-year-old roots were harvested. Soil nitrate and phosphate concentrations were increased in the plots applied with FW and CM at 40 t ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP>. Soil pH and exchangeable Caconcentrations were higher at FW 40 t ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP> than at CM 40 t ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP>. Root yield increased when treated with FW 40t ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP> in comparison to the yield for the control. The incidences of root rot disease and ginsenoside content were not significantly affected by the treatments. The results suggested that application of vermicompost might not show a relationship between root biomass and ginsenoside content. It further showed that proper use of vermicompost can promote root yield without a reduction in root quality or an increase in the incidence of root rot disease in reclaimed fields.

Effects of the Applications of Chitin and Chitosan on Soil Organisms

Eo, Jinu,Kim, Myung-Hyun,Choi, Soon-Kun,Bang, Hea-Son,Park, Kee-Choon 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.2

Effects of chitin and chitosan treatments on soil microorganisms and the mesofauna were investigated in a microcosm and a fumigated field experiment. Responses of microorganisms were determined using microbial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, whereas responses of the mesofauna were measured in terms of the abundances of nematodes and microarthropods. Soil nitrate concentration increased on the application of chitin. Overall, chitin promoted bacterial and fungal abundance, leading to an increase in abundance of free-living soil nematodes that feed on decomposers. The ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids was highest in the chitin-treated soil. Chitosan had a minimal effect on the abundance of microorganisms; however, it reduced the abundance of collembolans in the microcosm experiment. These results indicate that the application of chitin has beneficial effects on the supply of nutrients and promotion of the abundance of soil organisms.

Effects of Cover Crops on Soil Chemical Properties and Biota in a Pear Orchard

Eo, Jinu,Park, Jin-Myeon,Park, Kee-Choon 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.1

The use of cover crops has a beneficial effect on sustainable soil management in pear orchards. We aimed to compare changes in soil chemical properties and biota with the use of different cover crops. We tested the effects of five cover plants, including hairy vetch, orchard grass, rattail fescue, rye, and perennial ryegrass. Use of different cover crops had a minimal impact on soil chemical properties through three year experiments. The aboveground biomass was greatest with the use of rye. The potential amounts of returnable N and P were highest when leguminous hairy vetch was used as a cover plant. Changes in the composition of the microbial community were investigated by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Microbial PLFAs were highest with the use of rattail fescue and lowest with the use of hairy vetch. Minimal changes in the abundances of nematodes and microarthropods suggested that there was no bottom-up control in the soil ecosystem. The results also show that increases in aboveground biomass and nutrient content with the use of cover crops may not promote the abundance of soil organisms.

Diversity and community composition of ground-dwelling beetles and spiders in fallow and paddy fields

Jinu Eo,Myung-Hyun Kim,Hyung-Kyu Nam,Soon-Ik Kwon,Young-Ju Song 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

농경지에서 해충억제 등의 유익한 역할을 하는 거미와 딱정벌레 군집에 대해 논의 휴경이 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 하였다. 2018년 3월 비경작기에 전라북도 정읍 소재의 휴경지와 인근 논에서 pit-fall trap 방법으로 지표서식성 거미와 딱정벌레를 채집하여 조사하였다. 휴경지와 논에서 관찰된 거미의 총 종수는 각각 25종 및 21종이었고, 평균 종수는 6.6 및 5.4 종으로 차이가 없었다. 하지만 군집구성에서는 차이가 있었으며, 휴경지에서는 광릉논늑대거미(Arctosa kwangreungensis)가17.1% 논에서는 별늑대거미(Pardosa astrigera)가 42.5%로 우점하였다. 딱정벌레의 총종수는 휴경지와 경작논에서 23종으로 같았으며, 평균 종수도 4.1종 및 4.5종으로 비슷하였다. 휴경지에서는 가는청동머리먼지벌레(Harpalus chalcentus)가 11.1%이었고, 논에서는 남방폭탄먼지벌레(Pheropsophus javanus)가 9.0%로 우점하였다. 거미와 딱정벌레의 개체수는 두 유형에서 모두 차이가 없었다. 이러한 결과는 논의 휴경에 의해 지표서식성 딱정벌레와 거미의 밀도보다는 종구성이 크게 달라진다는 것을 보여준다.

Effects of the Applications of Chitin and Chitosan on Soil Organisms

Jinu Eo,Myung-Hyun Kim,Soon-Kun Choi,Hea-Son Bang,Kee-Choon Park 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.2

Effects of chitin and chitosan treatments on soil microorganisms and the mesofauna were investigated in a microcosm and a fumigated field experiment. Responses of microorganisms were determined using microbial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, whereas responses of the mesofauna were measured in terms of the abundances of nematodes and microarthropods. Soil nitrate concentration increased on the application of chitin. Overall, chitin promoted bacterial and fungal abundance, leading to an increase in abundance of free-living soil nematodes that feed on decomposers. The ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids was highest in the chitin-treated soil. Chitosan had a minimal effect on the abundance of microorganisms; however, it reduced the abundance of collembolans in the microcosm experiment. These results indicate that the application of chitin has beneficial effects on the supply of nutrients and promotion of the abundance of soil organisms.

Effects of Abiotic Factors on the Growth and Ginsenoside Content of Panax ginseng Roots

Jinu Eo(어진우),Hwang Seong Mo(모황성),Kee Choon Park(박기춘),Myung Hyun Kim(김명현),Soon Ik Kwon(권순익),Young Ju Song(송영주) 한국약용작물학회 2017 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.2

Community composition of ground-dwelling beetle and spider in paddy dike in Jeongeup and Jangsu area

Jinu Eo,Myung-Hyun Kim,Hyung-Kyu Nam,Young-Ju Song 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.04

정읍과 장수지역은 고도 차이로 인해 평균기온이 다르며, 이러한 환경조건은 생물군집에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 지표서식성 딱정벌레와 거미에 대한 영향을 알아보기 위해 2018년 3월에 지역별로 10지점의 논둑에서 pitfall-trap을 이용하여 조사하였다. 딱정벌레는 정읍에서 42종이 장수에서 30종이 발견되었으며, 작은모래거저리가 가장 많았다. 거미는 두 지역 모두 40종이 발견되었으며, 턱거미가 가장 많았다. nMDS와 MRPP 분석에서 두 지역의 딱정벌레와 거미의 군집조성이 모두 유의적 차이가 없었다. 딱정벌레와 거미의 개체수와 다양성지수 (species richness, Shannon index, evenness 등)도 지역간 차이가 없었다. 하지만 청동머리먼지벌레의 상대밀도는 장수가 12.3%로 정읍의 0.6%보다 컸다. 또한 밭고랑거미는 장수에서 거미 총개체수의 5.6%를 차지하였으나 정읍에서는 채집되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 두 지역의 환경차이가 딱정벌레와 거미의 전체 군집조성에 미치는 영향은 뚜렷하지 않지만, 일부 종에 대해서는 지역적 특이성을 보일 수 있다는 점을 시사한다.