从内涵到地位:中国环境法上“个人”义理之展开

Chen Jingtao,Fu Jiesi 제주대학교 법과정책연구원 2022 국제법무 Vol.14 No.2

The analysis of the meaning and concept of “Individual” provisions can be explained from three aspects: the pragmatic connotation, the constitution of the legal subject and the status of legal subject, which is helpful to clarify some problems in the theoretical research of environmental legal subject. First, in pragmatic connotation, “individual” is in line with unit. It implies that environmental legal subject is consisted with single and complex social members, then the subjective status of individuals in law can be initially demonstrated, which is one of the two categories of subjects. In “Everything/Anything...Individual” context, the word “individual” include all citizens, regardless of the legal status of the individual in the specific legal relationship. At the same time, the scope of “individual” reflects the extensiveness and hierarchy. With regulation and legal provision needs, when “individual” comes to specific legal relationships, it generally indicates different meanings, showing diversity and dynamic in scope and subject. If “individual” is separated with “everything/anything” and the context corresponding to the subject such as unit in environmental basic law and environmental protection acts, it will be useless. As an environmental legal subject, “individual” in environmental law also implies the basic nature, elements and starting point of the legal subject. “Individual” is a component of the organizational body like the unit, and also a component of the legal subject in environmental theory, legislation or practice, including the public, the state, human beings and future generations. Secondly, “individual” as the legal subject in environmental legislation, can be understood and originated from the process that human in natural science meaning are transferred into human in environmental legal subject meaning. In environmental law, “individual” reflects its social-natural attribute. The natural attribute of human, the dependence of individuals on the social community, and state promote it to enter the environmental legal relationship and depend on environmental public domain. Therefore, the natural “individual” also has the status of environmental citizens. In this regard, we can explain and construct theoretically with the help of ecological man, ecological citizen and civil subject constitution theory. The theory of ecological man is people’s awakening and reflection on the ecological elements of human’s nature-social existence, and they realize that the relationship between human and nature is a symbolic relationship, and that human and nature can coexist harmoniously only with mutual benefits. Ecological citizen theory enables ecological human to enter into the public domain and the field of legal norms from the fields of morality, ethnics and philosophy, from the emergence of intangible ecological responsibility so that the beautiful vision of ecology can be taken roots through legal norms. The analysis of the “individual” legal subject in environmental law can also be carried out from the two aspects of human’s inner will and external behaviors following the path of civil law and the constituent elements of civil subject, namely the right capacity and the behavior capacity. For environmental legislation, due to the obvious character of administrative enforcement and obligations, “individual” willingness are not much reflected regardless of specific regulations in public participation and civil rights provisions. As a qualification and legal subject, “individual” behavioral capacity are always illustrated by comparing with organizational body like units. However, its substantive nature, consisted of subject expressive capacity, consumption capacity, produce and trade capacity, technological capacity, information produce and disseminate capacity is highlighted by legislators, therefore individual have different status with unit. Th...

Quercetin Enhances Cisplatin Sensitivity of Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Modulating microRNA-217-KRAS Axis

Zhaohui Chen,Xian Zhang,Qinggong Guo,Jingtao Chen 한국분자세포생물학회 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.7

Quercetin can suppress osteosarcoma cell growth and metastasis. However, other effects of quercetin on osteosarcoma remain largely unknown. This research aims to evaluate the effects of quercetin in combination with cisplatin as treatment for osteosarcoma and investigate its regulatory mechanism. Cell viability and apoptosis in 143B cell line were determined after treatment with quercetin and/or cisplatin. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the RNA or protein expression levels. Moreover, transwell assay was used to evaluate metastasis. Furthermore, rescue experiments were performed to investigate the potential regulatory mechanism of the treatment. Results showed that quercetin with concentration that was equal to or greater than 10 μM inhibited 143B proliferation, while 5 μM quercetin enhanced the cisplatin sensitivity of 143B cells. Expression of miR- 217 was upregulated after quercetin and/or cisplatin treatment, while its target KRAS was downregulated both at mRNA and protein levels. MiR-217 knockdown led to the loss of enhanced cisplatin sensitivity while miR-217 overexpression showed the opposite effects, indicating that quercetin regulated cisplatin sensitivity by modulating the miR-217-KRAS axis. In conclusion, 5 μM quercetin enhanced the cisplatin sensitivity by modulating the miR- 217-KRAS axis. This finding suggests that quercetin may be administered with cisplatin to improve the treatment for osteosarcoma.

Effects of Floating Gate Structures on the Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Density and Electron Mobility in AlGaN/AlN/GaN Heterostructure Field-Effect Transistors

Jingtao Zhao,Zhenguo Zhao,Zidong Chen,Zhaojun Lin,Fukai Xu 한국물리학회 2017 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.71 No.12

In this study, we have investigated the electrical properties of the AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) with floating gate structures using the measured capacitancevoltage (C-V) and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. It is found that the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) density under the central gate cannot be changed by the floating gate structures. However, the floating gate structures can cause the strain variation in the barrier layer, which lead to the non-uniform distribution of the polarization charges, then induce a polarization Coulomb field and scatter the 2DEG. More floating gate structures and closer distance between the floating gates and the central gate will result in stronger scattering effect of the 2DEG.

Simultaneous optimization of water and heat exchange networks

Zhiyou Chen,Jingtao Wang,Yanlong Hou,Xiaoduan Li 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.4

This paper focuses on the simultaneous optimization of the heat-integrated water allocation networks. Amathematic model is established to illustrate the modified state-space representation of this problem. An easy logicalmethod is employed to help identify the streams of hot or cold ones. In this model, the water exchange networks (WEN),heat exchange networks (HEN), and the interactions between the WEN and HEN combine together as one unity. Thus,the whole network can be solved at one time, which enhances the possibility to get a global optimal result. Examplesfrom the literature and a PVC plant are analyzed to illustrate the accuracy and applicability of this method.

Quercetin Enhances Cisplatin Sensitivity of Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Modulating microRNA-217-KRAS Axis

Zhang, Xian,Guo, Qinggong,Chen, Jingtao,Chen, Zhaohui Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.7

Quercetin can suppress osteosarcoma cell growth and metastasis. However, other effects of quercetin on osteosarcoma remain largely unknown. This research aims to evaluate the effects of quercetin in combination with cisplatin as treatment for osteosarcoma and investigate its regulatory mechanism. Cell viability and apoptosis in 143B cell line were determined after treatment with quercetin and/or cisplatin. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the RNA or protein expression levels. Moreover, transwell assay was used to evaluate metastasis. Furthermore, rescue experiments were performed to investigate the potential regulatory mechanism of the treatment. Results showed that quercetin with concentration that was equal to or greater than $10{\mu}M$ inhibited 143B proliferation, while $5{\mu}M$ quercetin enhanced the cisplatin sensitivity of 143B cells. Expression of miR-217 was upregulated after quercetin and/or cisplatin treatment, while its target KRAS was downregulated both at mRNA and protein levels. MiR-217 knockdown led to the loss of enhanced cisplatin sensitivity while miR-217 overexpression showed the opposite effects, indicating that quercetin regulated cisplatin sensitivity by modulating the miR-217-KRAS axis. In conclusion, $5{\mu}M$ quercetin enhanced the cisplatin sensitivity by modulating the miR-217-KRAS axis. This finding suggests that quercetin may be administered with cisplatin to improve the treatment for osteosarcoma.

Photoluminescence Properties of Green-Emitting ZnGa₂S₄:Eu²⁺Phosphor

Yu, Ruijin,Luan, Ruixin,Wang, Caifeng,Chen, Jingtao,Wang, Zhenxing,Moon, Byung Kee,Jeong, Jung Hyun The Electrochemical Society 2012 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.159 No.5

Single-Point Grinding of Alumina and Zirconia Ceramics Under Two-Dimensional Compressive Prestress

Gaofeng Zhang,Zhigang Wang,Wenxin Chen,Jingtao Li,Hao Sun,Kui Zhang 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.21 No.1

In this study, single-point grinding experiments were performed on alumina and zirconia ceramics to investigate the grinding processes under two-dimensional compressive prestress (TCP). Grinding forces and grooves were measured under different values of TCP to evaluate the grinding defects. The material removal rate and actual grinding depth were exploited to investigate the grinding-induced damage and material