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        α-MSH suppresses neuroinflammation and improves neurobehavioral outcomes after traumatic brain injury in mice

        Jin Baoyuan,Kim Hyehyun,Jeong Seongtae 조선대학교 의학연구원 2023 Medical Bilogical Science and Engineering Vol.6 No.1

        Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to a cascade of neuroinflammation and subsequent long-term cognitive deficits. Alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (a-MSH) is a neuropeptide that protects against TBI. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of a-MSH on TBI induced brain inflammation. a-MSH improved rotarod latencies during the first 3 days and water maze latencies over 29-32 days. Here, a-MSH-treated mice had significantly lower tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) concentrations in the cortex at 30 min and 1 h. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) isoforms JNK, ERK, and p38 decreased following administration of a-MSH. The inhibitor of nuclear factor-kB (IkB) kinase (IKK)/Nuclear factor-kB (NFkB) signaling system is a key regulator of inflammation. Phosphorylation of IKK/NFkB increased after TBI but decreased significantly in response to a-MSH. Strongly immunoreactive microglia increased and were observed throughout the hippocampus in the TBI model, whereas a-MSH-treated mice showed less activation. TNF-a concentrations tended to decrease in the hippocampus. These data indicate that a-MSH might attenuate inflammation in a TBI mouse model.

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