Senescent cancer cell-derived nanovesicle as a personalized therapeutic cancer vaccine

Hong Jihye,Jung Mungyo,Kim Cheesue,Kang Mikyung,Go Seokhyeong,Sohn Heesu,Moon Sangjun,Kwon Sungpil,Song Seuk Young,Kim Byung-Soo 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

The development of therapeutic cancer vaccines (TCVs) that provide clinical benefits is challenging mainly due to difficulties in identifying immunogenic tumor antigens and effectively inducing antitumor immunity. Furthermore, there is an urgent need for personalized TCVs because only a limited number of tumor antigens are shared among cancer patients. Several autologous nanovaccines that do not require the identification of immunogenic tumor antigens have been proposed as personalized TCVs. However, these nanovaccines generally require exogenous adjuvants (e.g., Toll-like receptor agonists) to improve vaccine immunogenicity, which raises safety concerns. Here, we present senescent cancer cell-derived nanovesicle (SCCNV) as a personalized TCV that provides patient-specific tumor antigens and improved vaccine immunogenicity without the use of exogenous adjuvants. SCCNVs are prepared by inducing senescence in cancer cells ex vivo and subsequently extruding the senescent cancer cells through nanoporous membranes. In the clinical setting, SCCNVs can be prepared from autologous cancer cells from the blood of liquid tumor patients or from tumors surgically removed from solid cancer patients. SCCNVs also contain interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α, which are expressed during senescence. These endogenous cytokines act as adjuvants and enhance vaccine immunogenicity, avoiding the need for exogenous adjuvants. Intradermally injected SCCNVs effectively activate dendritic cells and tumor-specific T cells and inhibit primary and metastatic tumor growth and tumor recurrence. SCCNV therapy showed an efficacy similar to that of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy and synergized with ICB. SCCNVs, which can be prepared using a simple and facile procedure, show potential as personalized TCVs.

Disk-based shortest path discovery using distance index over large dynamic graphs

Hong, Jihye,Park, Kisung,Han, Yongkoo,Rasel, Mostofa Kamal,Vonvou, Dawanga,Lee, Young-Koo Elsevier science 2017 Information sciences Vol.382 No.-

<P>The persistent alternation of the internet world is changing networks rapidly. Shortest path discovery, especially over dynamic networks such as web page links, telephone or route networks, and ontologies, has received intense attentidn because of its importance for services in IoT. For example, when a new road is newly opened or becomes unavailable for any unexpected reason, the shortest paths must be recomputed. The system should respond promptly to its users with the updated recomniended paths. In this paper, we propose a disk-based shortest path method that updateS the shortest paths in a very large dynamic graph efficiently. The proposed method uses partial shortest paths as indices for efficient shortest path discovery. We classify the changes in the graph into four cases, such as the insertion or deletion of edges and the increase or decrease of edge weights. Our proposed strategy considers updating only the corresponding parts of the indices for each case. Our experiments on real-world dynamic datasets verify that the proposed framework updates the shortest paths 4 to 50 times faster than the existing type of framework. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>

A RDBMS based Framework for Shortest Path Discovery with Constraint Paths

Jihye Hong,Yongkoo Han,Young-Koo Lee 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.8 No.2

Gemini Observations of Planetary Nebula Candidates toward the Galactic Center

Jihye Hong,Deokkeun An,Janet P. Simpson,Kris Sellgren,Solange V. Ramirez,Angela S. Cotera 한국천문학회 2018 天文學會報 Vol.43 No.1

T Cell-derived Nanovesicles for Cancer Immunotherapy

Jihye HONG,Byung-Soo KIM 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Although T cell therapy is a remarkable breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy, the therapeutic efficacy is limited for solid tumors. A major cause of the low efficacy is T cell exhaustion by immunosuppressive mechanisms of solid tumors, which are mainly mediated by programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). Herein, we present T cell-derived nanovesicles (TCNVs) produced by the serial extrusion of cytotoxic T cells through membranes with micro/nanosized pores that inhibit T cell exhaustion and exhibit antitumoral activity maintained in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). TCNVs, which have programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and TGF-β receptor (TGF-βR) on their surface, block PD-L1 on cancer cells and scavenge TGF-β in the immunosuppressive TME, thereby preventing cytotoxic T cell exhaustion. In addition, TCNVs directly kill cancer cells via granzyme B delivery. TCNVs successfully suppress tumor growth in syngeneic solid tumor-bearing mice. Taken together, TCNV offers an effective cancer immunotherapy strategy to overcome the tumor’s immunosuppressive mechanisms.

경량 데이터베이스를 이용한 칼로리 관리 애플리케이션 설계 및 구현

홍지혜 ( Jihye Hong ),조인식 ( Insik Cho ),이영구 ( Young-koo Lee ) 한국정보처리학회 2012 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.19 No.1

최근 헬스케어에 대한 관심이 급증하면서, 운동을 통한 칼로리 관리 애플리케이션 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 기존의 연구들은 행위 인식 모델이 정교하지 못할 뿐만 아니라, 기초적인 행위 인식 기술을 사용하여 정확한 운동량을 측정하기 어렵다. 또한, 파일 시스템을 이용하여 센서, 행위, 칼로리 등의 다양한 데이터를 효과적으로 관리하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 경량 데이터베이스를 이용하여 개인의 칼로리 섭취량 및 소모량을 관리해주는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 스마트폰용 경량 데이터베이스에 저장된 데이터를 활용하여 효과적으로 칼로리를 관리하며, 칼로리 소모량 측정 정확도를 높이기 위해 계층적 행위 인식 모델을 제시한다.

Human cholestatic hepatitis owing to polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ingestion : A case report

Min, Jihye,Han, Joohye,Kim, Kyungju,Park, Samel,Lee, Sunhyo,Hong, Jungrak,Gil, Hyowook,Song, Hoyeon,Hong, Saeyong Williams & Wilkins Co 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.32

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Rationale:</B></P><P>The purpose of this study was to identify the chemical responsible for cholestatic hepatitis in a 55-year-old woman who ingested 1,1′-iminodi (octamethylene) diguanidinium triacetate (iminoctadine triacetate), a fungicide. The fungicide formulation was also composed of polyoxyethylene nonylphenol (NP-40) and methanol.</P><P><B>Patient concerns:</B></P><P>Severe cholestatic hepatitis developed, which led to the patient's death on day 88 of hospitalization. Post-mortem necropsy of the liver showed focal hepatocyte necrosis involving mostly the mid-zone, along with intracytoplasmic and intracanalicular cholestasis.</P><P><B>Diagnoses:</B></P><P>To identify the chemical responsible for hepatic injury, the cellular toxicity of all chemicals in the fungicide formulation was assessed in HepG2 cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiaxol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide test.</P><P><B>Outcomes:</B></P><P>Viability of cells treated with the surfactant NP-40 was significantly lower (<I>P</I> < .001), but that of cells treated with other components of the fungicide, including the active ingredient, iminoctadine triacetate, was unaffected. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis confirmed that necrosis was induced in HepG2 cells treated with 25–80 μM of NP-40, while significant numbers of apoptotic cells were not detected.</P><P><B>Lessons:</B></P><P>NP-40 appears to be the chemical responsible for the patient's irreversible hepatic injury, accompanied by intracytoplasmic and intracanalicular cholestasis.</P>

Trends in Reports on Climate Change in 2009-2011 in the Korean Press Based on Daily Newspapers' Ownership Structure

Lee, Jihye,Hong, Yeon-Pyo,Kim, Hyunsook,Hong, Youngtak,Lee, Weonyoung The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2013 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.46 No.2

Objectives: The mass media play a crucial role in risk communication regarding climate change. The aim of this study was to investigate the trend in journalistic reports on climate change in the daily newspapers of Korea. Methods: We selected 9 daily newspapers in Korea, which according to the ABC Association, represented 77% of newspaper circulation, out of a total of 44 Korean daily newspapers. The collected articles were from 2009 to 2011. All of the articles were sorted into the following 8 categories: greenhouse gas, climate change conventions, sea level rise, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change synthesis reports, expected damage and effect, use of fossil fuels, global warming, and mitigation or adaptation. A chi-squared test was done on the articles, which were counted and classified into cause, effect, and measurement of climate change according to the newspaper's majority or minority ownership structure. Results: From the 9 selected newspapers, the number of articles on climate change by month was greatest in December 2009. Generally, the articles vague about climate change (lack of precise data, negative or skeptical tone, and improper use of terminology) were much more common than the articles presenting accurate knowledge. A statistical difference was found based on ownership structure: the majority-owned newspapers addressed the cause of climate change, while the minority-owned newspapers referred more to climate change measurement. Conclusions: Our investigation revealed that generally Korean daily newspapers did not deliver accurate information about climate change. The coverage of the newspapers showed significant differences according to the ownership structure.

대용량 그래프에서 k-차수 인덱스 테이블을 이용한 RDBMS 기반의 효율적인 최단 경로 탐색 기법

홍지혜 ( Jihye Hong ),한용구 ( Yongkoo Han ),이영구 ( Young-koo Lee ) 한국정보처리학회 2013 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.20 No.2

최근 소셜 네트워크의 등장과 기술의 발달로 인해 빅 데이터가 등장하였다. 특히, 소셜 네트워크나 웹 데이터 등과 같은 빅 데이터를 이용하는 애플리케이션이 많아지고 있다. 이러한 그래프 데이터는 크기가 매우 방대하여 인-메모리 기법을 통해 연산하기 어렵다. 최근 대용량 그래프 상에서 효율적인 최단 경로 탐색을 위해 부분 최단 경로를 저장하는 인덱스 테이블을 활용한 기법이 제안되었으나, 인덱스 참조율을 고려하지 않아 비효율적이다. 본 논문에서는 인덱스 참조율이 높은 노드의 차수를 이용한 κ-차수 인덱스 테이블을 이용한 효율적인 최단 경로 탐색 기법을 제안한다. 실험을 통하여 제안하는 기법이 거리 기반 인덱스를 이용한 기존의 기법에 비해 약 12% 정도 성능이 향상됨을 보였다.

개인화 서비스를 위한 그래프 기반의 궤적 데이터 모델링 기법

홍지혜(Jihye Hong),박기성(Kisung Park),한용구(Yongkoo Han),이영구(Young-Koo Lee) 한국정보과학회 2013 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.19 No.1

최근 GPS 센서가 내장된 스마트폰의 대중화에 따라 사용자의 궤적 데이터를 쉽게 수집할 수 있다. 사용자들의 생활과 밀접한 관계를 갖는 장소들을 궤적 데이터로부터 마이닝하여 사용자의 생활패턴을 추론할 수 있다. 논문에서는 개인화 서비스를 위한 생활패턴을 효과적으로 찾을 수 있는 그래프 기반 궤적 데이터 모델링 기법을 제안한다. 노드는 사용자의 생활패턴을 반영하는 장소를 나타내며, 에지는 장소간의 이동 순서를 나타내며, 에지 레이블은 빈도를 표현한다. 또한 다양한 주기의 생활패턴을 반영하기 위하여 하루 궤적 시퀀스를 주기별로 결합하여 궤적 그래프를 생성하는 방법을 제안한다. 실험을 통하여 기존의 궤적 데이터 모델링 기법들과 비교하여 제안하는 방법이 개인화 서비스에 활용할 수 있는 생활패턴을 효과적으로 마이닝 할 수 있음을 보인다 As the number of people use smartphones embedded GPS sensor, trajectory data can be easily collected. From trajectory data, users" life pattern can be inferred by mining places related with lifestyle. In this paper, we propose the graph based trajectory data modeling method that can reflect users" lifestyle for personalized services. Nodes represent plcaces reflecting life patterns, edges represent the order of movements between two places and edge labels represent frequencies of the order. In order to support mining in various periods, we create trajectory graphs by combining daily trajectory sequences in different time windows. In experiment, we show our proposed method can generate useful life patterns for personalized services compared to existing trajectory pattern modeling approaches.