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Chao-Tsai Huang,Jia-Hao Chu,Wei-Wen Fu,Chia Hsu,Sheng-Jye Hwang 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.8 No.3
During the past two centuries, due to too fast growth of the human population, the pollution made by human has seriously impacts on our environment, particularly, for the CO2 emission. To diminish the CO2 emission problem, one of the effective solutions is applying lightweight material, such as the fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP), to replace metal in the manufacturing of transportation vehicles. However, since the reinforced function of the fibers inside plastic matrix is very complex, it is not easy to be visualized and managed. Specifically, the connection from microstructures of the fibers to the physical properties of the final product is far from our understanding. In this study, we have proposed a benchmark with three standard specimens based on ASTM D638 with different gate designs. This system is used to study the fiber microstructures and associated mechanical properties using numerical simulation and experimental studies. Results showed that the tensile properties (including tensile modulus and tensile stress) of all three ASTM standard specimens can be improved significantly in the appearance of the fibers. Moreover, the tensile properties variation of the finished parts associated with the microstructures of the short fibers based on the gate design have been also investigated. Specifically, the tensile modulus and the strength of the Model I are greater than that of Model II, while Model III is much less than others because of its double gate effect. The reason why the tensile modulus and the strength of the Model I is greater than that of Model II is due to some entrance effect. That entrance effect will further provide flow-induced fiber orientation to melt and then enhance the tensile properties of Model I. To confirm the observation, a series simulation and experimental studies have been performed. Specifically, the fiber orientation distribution is predicted using CAE, and verified using micro-CT scan and image analysis by Avizo software. Hence, the correlation from fiber microstructure feature (particularly in fiber orientation) to tensile modulus and tensile stress for fiber reinforced thermoplastic (FRP) in injection molding process can be validated.
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( Ping Lu ),( Ke Jiang ),( Ya-qiao Hao ),( Wan-ying Chu ),( Yu-dong Xu ),( Jia-yao Yang ),( Jia-le Chen ),( Guo-hong Zeng ),( Zhou-hang Gu ),( Hong-xin Zhao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.9
Members of the genus Bacillus are known to play an important role in promoting plant growth and protecting plants against phytopathogenic microorganisms. In this study, 21 isolates of Bacillus spp. were obtained from the root micro-ecosystem of Suaeda glauca. Analysis of the 16S rRNA genes indicated that the isolates belong to the species Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus aryabhattai and Brevibacterium frigoritolerans. One of the interesting findings of this study is that the four strains B1, B5, B16 and B21 are dominant in rhizosphere soil. Based on gyrA, gyrB, and rpoB gene analyses, B1, B5, and B21 were identified as B. amyloliquefaciens and B16 was identified as B. velezensis. Estimation of antifungal activity showed that the isolate B1 had a significant inhibitory effect on Fusarium verticillioides, B5 and B16 on Colletotrichum capsici (syd.) Butl, and B21 on Rhizoctonia cerealis van der Hoeven. The four strains grew well in medium with 1-10% NaCl, a pH value of 5-8, and promoted the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. Our results indicate that these strains may be promising agents for the biocontrol and promotion of plant growth and further study of the relevant bacteria will provide a useful reference for the development of microbial resources.
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