수종 유산균 발효유의 법랑질 침식효과에 대한 연구

심정호,정태성,김신 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

치아침식증은 순수한 화학적 반응에 의한 치아 경조직의 소실로 정의된다. 침식의 원인요소로는 여러 가지가 이미 거론된 바, 최근에 들어서는 이 중 산성음식과 음료가 중요한 요소로 관심을 모으고 있다. 특히 최근 들어서는 다양한 산성 음료의 소비가 급증하는 추세이고, 성장기 어린이나 청소년이 이러한 음료를 선호하여 음용의 빈도가 우려할 만한 수준으로 치아침식증을 촉진할 것으로 생각된다. 이 중 유산균 발효유는 비교적 저렴하고 쉽게 접할 수 있으며, 어린이가 주 소비자라는 점, 그리고 유치와 새로 맹출한 영구치가 침식에 더욱 취약하다는 점에서 소아치과학 분야의 관심사가 되기에 충분하다고 사료되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 유산균 발효유에 의한 유치의 법랑질 침식 정도를 평가할 목적으로 시행되었다. 시판중인 4 종의 유산균 발효유를 선정하고 각각의 산도, 완충능 및 일부 무기이온 농도를 측정하였다. 그리고 40개의 유치 법랑질 시편을 4개 군으로 나누어 30분, 60분, 90분, 120분 동안 20℃, 80ml의 각 시료에 담근 후 각 시간대별 법랑질의 침식정도를 알기 위해 표면미세경도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 본 실험에 사용된 유산균 발효유의 산도는 평균 pH 3.77로서 치아침식증을 유발하기에 충분한 수준이었다. 2. 유산균 발효유에 대한 노출 후의 법랑질 표면경도는 대조군에 비해 모든 시료에서 낮아졌다(p<0.05). 노출시간에 따른 법랑질 표면경도의 변화는 모든 실험군에서 초기에는 급격히 낮아지다가 시간경과에 따라 그 정도가 덜해지는 양상을 보였다. 3. 법랑질이 시료에 노출된 30분에서 120분까지의 법랑질 표면경도 변화양상은 시료마다 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). The pH of beverages is known to be low and have, therefore, been implicated in the increasing incidence of erosion. Erosion is believed to be the predominant cause of teeth wear in children and young adults, although there will always be a contribution from attrition and abrasion. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of yogurt on the progression of erosive demineralization in human enamel using demineralization model in vitro. In 4 yogurts, available on the market, pH, buffering capacity and the concentrations of calcium, phosphate and fluoride were determined. The buffering effect was determined by titration with NaOH 50 milliliters of each drink was then titrated with 1M sodium hydroxide, added in 0.5 milliliters increments, until the pH reached about 7. Human deciduous enamel(n=40) samples were divided into four groups and exposed to 80ml of the yogurt for 30, 60, 90 and 120min. Enamel surface microhardness(VHN) was examined before and after each exposure. 1. The average PH of fermented milk was 3.77 and this pH value was acidic enough to cause tooth erosion. 2. All of the fermented milks were found to be erosive(p<0.05). 3. The teeth exposed to the fermented milk all showed erosion like lesions and microhardness measurements showed that enamel surface hardness decreased proportionately with increased time of immersion in all tooth specimen groups. 4. After immersion for 30 and 60 minutes, reduction rate of microhardness values was not significantly different between the groups(p>0.05). However, after 90 and 120 minutes, reduction rate of each group was significantly different(p<0.05).

중독한 추체로 증상을 보인 cyclosporine에 의한 뇌증 1예

강정현,곽승근,신현영,김성은,이정호,이정찬,곽상혁,윤환중,조덕연,김삼용,김제,송창준 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.1

The use of cyclosporine(CsA), a potent immunosuppressive agent, is associated with numerous side effects. Neurotoxicity was earlier less well known, but with growing experience central nervous system side effects are now reported up to 40% of patients. Among various CsA-induced neurotoxicities, tremor is most common and posterior leukoencephalopathy is well characterized. An encephalopathy presenting with pyramidal weakness, however, seems to be rare and poorly documented. We report here a case of encephalopathy presenting with multiple generalized seizures followed by fluctuating quadriparesis developed a few days after starting CsA and resolved spontaneously after withdrawal of the drug . A 48-year-old woman with aplastic anemia was placed upon immmunosuppressive treatment consisting of antithymocyte globulin(ATG), CsA, and methylprednisolone. Two days after starting the therapy, she developed a generalized seizure. The next day she developed 2 more episodes of seizure and the therapy was stopped. Computed tomogram of the brain was normal. Six days after starting therapy, she developed mild motor weakness and paresthesia of both lower extremities, which progressed to a definite quariparesis confining her to a bed in 3 days. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain revealed asymmetric, bilateral high-signal abnormalites in the subcortical white matter of fronto-temporal areas. After reaching to a maximum with some fluactuation(14 days after starting the therapy) the motor weakness started to be resolved. She was discharged with a almost complete resolution of the weakness 45 days after starting the therapy. Five months later she did well and brain MRI was negative.

맹출장애를 보이는 상악 전치의 맹출유도

심정호,음종혁,정태성,김신 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.1

상악 전치의 맹출장애는 임상적으로 비교적 흔한 치열발육 이상으로 환자측에서 인지하기 쉬우며 심미적, 사회 심리적으로 중요한 문제가 될 수 있다. 맹출장애의 치료방법으로는 주기적 관찰, 공간 확보, 치은 절제술을 포함한 단순 노출 교정적 견인 외과적 노출과 교정적 견인의 병행, 발거 후 자가치아이식 등 여러 방법이 있다. 이 중 적절한 치료방법을 선택하기 위해서는 우선 환자의 내과적, 치과적 병력을 고려해야 하고 치아의 위치, 상태, 치근 형성정도 및 만곡여부, 맹출을 위한 공간 확보 여부, 주위 치조골 및 치주조직의 상태 , 견인 방법 , 이동에 소요되는 기간 등을 고려해야 한다. 저자는 상악 전치부의 맹출장애를 보이는 두 증례를 치험한 바, 첫 번째 증례는 상악 우측 중절치의 이소맹출과 우측 견치의 맹출지연을 주소로 내원한 환자로서, 견치를 노출시킨 후 견인을 시행하였으며 현재 우측 중절치를 배열중이다. 두 번째 증례는 상악 좌측 중절치의 맹출지연을 주소로 내원한 환자로서, 상악 좌측 중절치를 발거한 후 자가치아이식을 시행하였다. 위 증례를 통해서 치아의 맹출력을 기대할 수 없거나 맹출방향이 비정상적인 경우에는 외과적 노출과 견인을 동반한 방법을 우선 적용할 수 있으나, 치아의 위치 이상이 심각하거나 치근의 위치가 과도하게 이탈된 경우에는 자가치아이식을 포함한 외과적 술식이 맹출유도에 도움이 된다는 사실을 확인하였다. Unerupted maxillary anterior teeth is not a common case, However it may present practitioners with management problem. The cause of impaction is considered to be multifactorial, and local cause is the most common. These impacted teeth require surgical intervention, removal, transplantation, or surgical exposure, with or without orthodontic traction to align the malpositioned tooth. The preferred option is surgical exposure and or thodontic correction. Surgical intervention and orthodontic correction should not be delayed to avoid unnecessary difficulties in aligning the tooth in the arch. Surgical exposure should be performed with the intent of providing sufficient attached gingiva rather than simply uncovering the crown, which results in only alveolar mucosal attachment. Attached gingiva is essential to secure the gingival tissues to the adjacent teeth at the dentogingival junction. Thus preventing loss of periodontal tissues as a result of the pull of the surrounding soft tissues and facial museles. Labially impacted maxillary anterior teeth uncovered with an apically positioned flap technique have more unesthetic sequelae than those uncovered with a closed-eruption technique. In the case of severly displaced impacted teeth, autotransplantation ensures preservation of the alveolar bone and will facilitate future placement of an osseointegrated implant once growth has ceased or if ankylosis/resorption of the transplant occurs.

성인 급성 림프구성 백혈병에 대한 복합 화학 요법

곽상혁,신현영,김성은,이정호,이정찬,강정현,윤환중,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.1

Although acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) is one of the most frequently encountered cancer in children, only about 20% of patients who were diagnosed leukemia are ALL in adults. During past 30 years, the result of treatment of ALL in children have been markedly improved, but in adults, the result of treatment of ALL is not so good as that in children. In recent, morbidity of ALL has been increased in KOREA, but studies of long-term survival are rare. So a retrospective clinical analysis was made in patients who were diagnosed for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia between March 1988 and February 1997, in Chungnam National University Hospital. The result of treatment, prognostic factors of survival and duration of complete remission were analyzed. In 44 patients who were newly diagnosed as ALL in Chungnam National University Hospital, total 31 patients who have received chemotherapy more than two weeks were analyzed. All patients were treated by vincristine, daunorubicine, and prednisolone in phase I induction chemotherapy. At the 28th day of phase I induction chemotherapy, bone marrow aspiration biopsy was performed and achievement of complete remission was estimated. Within one or two weeks after completion of phase I chemotherapy, phase II induction chemotherapy was done. In phase II induction chemotherapy, cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside and 6-mercaptopurine were administerd. During phase II induction chemotherapy, CNS prophylaxis with intrathecal methotrexate administration and intracranial irradiation. After completion of phase I and phase II of induction chemotherapy, 4 cycles of consolidation chemotherapy were made in utilization of VP-16 and cytosine arabinoside in standard risk group, and in utilization of methotrexate with leucovorin rescue and L-asparaginase in the high risk group. And then maintenance chemotherapy with 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate was continued till two years later from the day of treatment start. The median survival time was 15.8 months (95% C.I. 6.0-18.8 months) and the long-term survival (more than 5 years after diagnosis) rate was 28.0%. The rate of complete remission was 83.9% ( 26 of 31) and the median of the complete remission duration was 15.8 months (95% C.I. 5.6-25.9 months). The rate of relapse was 69.2%. Good prognostic factor for overall survival time was the fraction of blast cells less than 75% in bone marrow at diagnosis (P=0.001) in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, age below 40 (P=0.003) and blast cells less than 75% in hone marrow at diagnosis (P=0.003) were good prognostic factors for overall survival time. Good prognostic factors for disease free survival in univariate analysis were the fraction of blast cells less than 75% in bone marrow (P=0.003), absence of fever (P=0.013), and absence of hepatomegaly (P=0.025), all at diagnosis. In multivariate analysis, good prognostic factors for disease free survival were platelet count more than 50,000/uL, blast cells less than 75% in bone marrow at diagnosis (P=0.004), serum LDH level below 500U/L (P=0.016). The result of treatment of ALL in adults has been improved but is not satisfactory in comparison with that in children. Despite of marked improvement of the rate of complete remission, the rate of relapse still not so much improved. So intensified consolidation chemotherpy or allogenic bone marrow transplantation or autologous bone marrow transplantation is necessary for improvement of survival of adult ALL.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

Effects of a Weight Loss Program on Body Composition and Resting Energy Expenditure according to UCP 2 Genotype in Overweight Subjects

Ho Jeung Shin,Mi Ran Cho,Hye Ok Lee,Young Sul Kim,Ryowon Choue 한국영양학회 2002 Nutritional Sciences Vol.5 No.4

Gender Differences in the Body Composition, Resting Energy Expenditure, and Leptin Levels of Obese Adults

Ho Jeung Shin,Mi Ran Cho,Hye Ok Lee,Young Sul Kim,Ryowon Choue 한국영양학회 2003 Nutritional Sciences Vol.6 No.1

Charge polarization-dependent activity of catalyst nanoparticles on carbon nitride nanotubes for hydrogen generation

Shin, Weon Ho,Yang, Seong Ho,Choi, Yoon Jeong,Jung, Hyung Mo,Song, Cheol Ock,Kang, Jeung Ku Royal Society of Chemistry 2009 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.19 No.26

<P>We demonstrate that catalyst nanoparticles attached to carbon nitride nanotubes (CNNTs) show superior catalytic activity for hydrogen generation from aqueous solutions. The calculated natural bonding orbitals show quite different charge polarizations for different catalysts attached to CNNTs; Co and Ni atoms attached to CNNTs are more positively polarized than Pt when they interact with NaBH<SUB>4</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>O. Our experiments prove that the increased positive charges for Co and Ni result in a greater ability to attract hydride anions, thus improving the hydrogen generation rate. For example, Co catalysts attached to CNNTs show the highest hydrogen generation rate, up to 10 kg hydrogen per hour per 1 kg catalyst, while Pt is about 3 times less effective. It should therefore be feasible to use cheap metals such as Co for generating hydrogen from aqueous solutions for automobile applications.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Catalyst nanoparticles supported on carbon nitride nanotubes (CNNTs) can be utilized as excellent catalysts to generate hydrogen from aqueous solution. Co–CNNTs have the highest hydrogen generation rate, almost 3 times that for Pt–CNNTs. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b902786f'> </P>

Gender Differences in the Body Composition, Resting Energy Expenditure, and Leptin Levels of Obese Adults

Shin, Ho-Jeung,Cho, Mi-Ran,Lee, Hye-Ok,Kim, Young-Sul,Choue, Ryo-Won The Korean Nutrition Society 2003 Nutritional Sciences Vol.6 No.1

The objective of this study was to examine how circulating leptin concentrations and resting energy expenditures (REE) are related to body composition in obese adults, and to examine differences in these parameters according to gender. Twenty-three subjects, 6 males and 17 females, were recruited from patients with a body mass index (BMI) of greater than 27 at the Obesity Clinic of the K University Hospital. Anthropometric assessments and biochemical analyses were performed, and REEs were measured. In spite of having similar BMI values the plasma leptin levels of females (20.0$\pm$6.5 ng/ml) were significantly higher (p<.05) than those of males (14.2$\pm$6.1) ng/ml). In females, plasma leptin concentrations were found to be positively related to body weight. BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass (FM), body fat, and to the circumferences of forearm, waist and hip (p<.0001). However, in males, plasma leptin concentrations were positively related only to suprailiac thickness (p<.05). The higher plasma leptin levels in females compared to males may, at least partially. be explained by the females' higher subcutaneous fat mass. Plasma leptin concentrations appeared to reflect not only total fat mass but also regional fat distribution, especially in females. REE values of males (2254.3$\pm$256.2 kcal/day) were significantly higher (p<.01) than those of females (1799.1$\pm$454.7 kcal/day). REE values for females were positively related to body weight, BMI, lean body mass (LBM), FM, body fat, and to the circumferences of waist and hip (p<.05); however, REE values for males were (positively) related only to LBM (p<.05). REE values were not related to plasma leptin concentrations for either males or females, indicating that the plasma level of leptin might not be a predictor for REE value.

Ionic-Liquid-Assisted Sonochemical Synthesis of Carbon-Nanotube-Based Nanohybrids: Control in the Structures and Interfacial Characteristics

Park, Ho Seok,Choi, Bong Gill,Yang, Seong Ho,Shin, Weon Ho,Kang, Jeung Ku,Jung, Doohwan,Hong, Won Hi WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Small Vol.5 No.15

<P>A versatile, facile, and rapid synthetic method of advanced carbon nanotube (CNT)-based nanohybrid fabrication, or the so-called ionic-liquid-assisted sonochemical method (ILASM), which combines the supramolecular chemistry between ionic liquids (ILs) and CNTs with sonochemistry for the control in the size and amount of uniformly decorated nanoparticles (NPs) and interfacial engineering, is reported. The excellence in electrocatalysis of hybrid materials with well-designed nanostructures and favorable interfaces is demonstrated by applying them to electrochemical catalysis. The synthetic method discussed in this report has an important and immediate impact not only on the design and synthesis of functional hybrid nanomaterials by supramolecular chemistry and sonochemistry but also on applications of the same into electrochemical devices such as sensors, fuel cells, solar cells, actuators, batteries, and capacitors.</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Advanced carbon-nanotube-based nanohybrids are synthesized through the ionic-liquid-assisted sonochemical method in order to control the size and number of uniformly decorated nanoparticles and interfacial characteristics (see image). Newly developed synthetic chemistry by supramolecular chemistry and sonochemistry has an important and immediate impact on the design and synthesis of functional hybrid nanomaterials. <img src='wiley_img/16136810-2009-5-15-SMLL200900128-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/16136810-2009-5-15-SMLL200900128-content'> </P>