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Park, Jinbong,Jeon, Yong-Deok,Kim, Hye-Lin,Lim, Hara,Jung, Yunu,Youn, Dong-Hyun,Jeong, Mi-Young,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Kim, Su-Jin,Hong, Seung-Heon,Um, Jae-Young Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2013 No.-
<P>Obesity has become a major health threat in developed countries. However, current medications for obesity are limited because of their adverse effects. Interest in natural products for the treatment of obesity is thus rapidly growing. Korean Medicine (KM) is characterized by the wide use of herbal formulas. However, the combination rule of herbal formulas in KM lacks experimental evidence. According to <I>Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica</I>, the earliest book of herbal medicine, <I>Veratrum nigrum</I> (VN) has antagonistic features against <I>Panax ginseng</I> (PG), and the PG-VN pair is strictly forbidden. In this study, we have shown the effects of PG, VN, and their combination on obesity in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese mice and in 3T3-L1 cells. PG, VN, and PG-VN combination significantly reduced weight gain and the fat pad weight in HF diet-induced obese mice. They also significantly decreased lipid accumulation and the expressions of two major adipogenesis factors, PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I>, in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, the PG-VN combination had synergistic effects compared with the mixture of extracts of PG and VN on inhibition of PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I> expressions at lower doses. These results indicate a new potential anti-obese pharmacotherapy and also provide scientific evidence supporting the usage of herbal combinations instead of mixtures in KM.</P>
Jeon, Byong Tae,Kim, Kyoung Hoon,Cheong, Sun Hee,Kang, Sung Ki,Park, Pyo Jam,Kim, Dong Hyun,Jung, Ho Sung,Park, Jae Hyun,Thomas, David G.,Moon, Sang Ho CSIRO Publishing 2012 Animal production science Vol.52 No.1
<P> The purpose of the present study was to investigate the changes in structural and chemical properties of sika deer antler at different stages of its growth in order to improve scientific assessment of antler’s quality. Eighteen antler samples, harvested on 40, 50 and 60 days after casting were collected from randomly selected deer farms, and the structural properties of antlers were examined. The chemical composition of each antler was determined in the upper, middle and basal section. Our results showed that the crude protein, crude fat (ether extract), uronic acid and sialic acid increased markedly from the base to the upper section, but the ash was higher in the basal section. Collagen content increased significantly from the upper to the basal section in all groups. The structural factors, including length and girth were positively or negatively correlated with the chemical composition such as glycosaminoglycans, ether extract-fat, ash, uronic acid, sialic acid, total sugar and collagen content. These findings may provide useful basic information and identify biomarkers for the association between structural properties and chemical composition during antler growth period, which should facilitate efficient production of high quality antlers for food consumption and as pharmaceutical agents. </P>
Highly efficient gene knockout in mice and zebrafish with RNA-guided endonucleases
Sung, Young Hoon,Kim, Jong Min,Kim, Hyun-Taek,Lee, Jaehoon,Jeon, Jisun,Jin, Young,Choi, Jung-Hwa,Ban, Young Ho,Ha, Sang-Jun,Kim, Cheol-Hee,Lee, Han-Woong,Kim, Jin-Soo Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2014 Genome Research Vol.24 No.1
<P>RNA-guided endonucleases (RGENs), derived from the prokaryotic Type II CRISPR-Cas system, enable targeted genome modification in cells and organisms. Here we describe the establishment of gene-knockout mice and zebrafish by the injection of RGENs as Cas9 protein:guide RNA complexes or <I>Cas9</I> mRNA plus guide RNA into one-cell-stage embryos of both species. RGENs efficiently generated germline transmittable mutations in up to 93% of newborn mice with minimal toxicity. RGEN-induced mutations in the mouse <I>Prkdc</I> gene that encodes an enzyme critical for DNA double-strand break repair resulted in immunodeficiency both in <I>F</I><SUB>0</SUB> and <I>F</I><SUB>1</SUB> mice. We propose that RGEN-mediated mutagenesis in animals will greatly expedite the creation of genetically engineered model organisms, accelerating functional genomic research.</P>
Case Report : Bupivacaine Injection to Lateral Rectus in Abducens Nerve Palsy
( Sung Eun Kyung ),( Ji Hoon Jeon ) 대한안과학회 2013 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.27 No.4
A 49-year-old female presented with bilateral abducens nerve palsies. She had 75 prism diopter esotropia. The extraocular movement of the lateral rectus was -1 limitation for the right eye and -4 limitations for the left. After performing orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 2 mL of bupivacain (5 mg/mL) was injected into the left lateral rectus (LR). One month after injection, a further orbital MRI was performed. Subsequently, recession of both medial rectus (6 mm) and resection of the left LR (9 mm) were performed. After one month, bupivacaine had no hypertrophic effects. There was little change in angle of deviation. The orbital MRI scan showed a 1.91% increase in volume compared to the muscle prior to the injection. Histological findings showed no muscle fibers of the left LR muscle, only the fiber nucleus and the collagen that replaced the fibers. We report on the changes in stiffness and muscle volume and on the histology of the muscle one month after injecting bupivacaine into the paralyzed left LR muscle combined with standard surgical treatment.
Jeon, Chi-Hoon,Jeong, Yong-Ha,Seo, Jeong-Jin,Tien, Huynh Ngoc,Hong, Sung-Tae,Yum, Young-Jin,Hur, Seung-Hyun,Lee, Kwang-Jin 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.15 No.6
Graphene/aluminum metal matrix composites (MMC) with enhanced thermal conductivity are fabricated by friction stir processing (FSP). In fabrication of the MMC, graphene reinforcement is applied in the form of a graphene oxide (GO)/water colloid for safer and simpler processing. The result of Raman spectroscopy suggests that graphene reinforcements are successfully mixed into the aluminum matrix by FSP. The thermal conductivity of the graphene/ aluminum MMC is measured to increase by more than 15% in comparison with that of the aluminum matrix. FSP and graphene reinforcement both improve the ductility of the fabricated MMC.
First Description of Crown Gall Disease on Ginseng
Jeon, Yong-Ho,Park, Hoon,Lee, Byeong-Dae,Yu, Yun-Hyun,Chang, Sung-Pae,Kim, Sang-Gyu,Hwang, In-Gyu,Kim, Young-Ho The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2008 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.24 No.2
In March of 2003, tumors (galls) were observed on ginseng seedling roots in ginseng seedbeds at Yeoju, Gyeonggi province, Korea. Symptoms were spherical or galls with about 0.5-1.0cm in diameter formed on the upper through middle parts of the primary roots. Bacterial isolates obtained from the root galls were Gram-negative, rod-shaped with peritrichous flagella, aerobic, not forming yellow or orange colonies on nutrient glucose agar, yeast extract-dextrose $CaCO_3$ agar and nutrient-broth yeast extract agar, non-fluorescent on King's B agar, and non-spore forming, which were identical to characteristics of the genus Agrobacterium. They were identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens with 0.732-0.993 similarities in 100% probability by the Biolog analyses. The 16S rRNA gene partial sequences of the six isolates tested (Genbank Accession EF486308-EF486313) were 100% homologous to those of other A. tumefaciens strains (GenBank accession AF501343, AY701900, AY701898, AY701899). The above results confirmed that this bacterium is A. tumefaciens. Pathogenicity of the bacteria was proved by the inoculation test on carrot root discs and tomato seedlings. This is the first description of A. tumefaciens causing root gall in ginseng seedling. The disease occurred locally and sparsely, but considering its appearances in seedbeds suggests that the ginseng root gall may become a threat to ginseng in Korea.
Jeon, Sunyeol,Lee, Jisun,Rios, Gema M.,Kim, Hyoung-Juhn,Lee, Sang-Yeop,Cho, EunAe,Lim, Tae-Hoon,Hyun Jang, Jong Elsevier 2010 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.35 No.18
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs) were fabricated by the decal transfer method with various Nafion ionomer contents (10–40 wt%) and their single cell performance and electrochemical characteristics were examined in atmospheric air at relative humidities of 25–95%. At high humidity (95%), the MEA performance was the highest with a cathode ionomer content of 30 and 20 wt% at 0.6 and 0.4 V, respectively. The optimum ionomer content of the decal MEAs increased with decreasing humidity, because of the change in the oxygen transport rate (water flooding) and number of active sites (ionic resistance). The concentration overpotential gradually increased with relative humidity up to about 0.4 V at 0.8 A/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, which was not considered in previous studies using pressurized air and oxygen. The combined effect of the electrochemical active surface area and ionic resistance of the cathodes on the activation overpotential was also investigated, focusing on intermediate and low humidity levels, using a newly developed impedance analysis method.</P>