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Transforming Social Studies Teacher Education : Teaching Civics to Adult English Language Learners
Ashley Taylor Jaffee,Michelle D. Cude,Lisa Clark Schick 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2016 교과교육학연구 Vol.20 No.3
As social studies teacher educators we have a responsibility to prepare future teachers who are globally aware, culturally and linguistically responsive, and pedagogically reflective. This study seeks to better understand how a collaborative practicum experience with a local immigrant English/Civics community program is preparing pre-service social studies teachers (PSSTs) for their future work with culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) secondary school students by asking the following question: [How] does the practicum experience develop pre-service teachers’ knowledge, attitudes, and skills for becoming globally aware and culturally and linguistically responsive educators? Using a lens of global mindedness and culturally and linguistically relevant pedagogy, we analyzed and interpreted PSSTs reflections. Findings revealed that PSSTs experienced significant changes in their professional and personal growth.
Jun, Do-Youn,Jaffee, Elizabeth M,Kim, Young-Ho The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2005 Immune Network Vol.5 No.2
Background: As an attempt to develop a strategy to improve the protective immune response to GM-CSF-secreting CT26 (GM-CSF/CT26) tumor vaccine, we have investigated whether the apoptogenic treatment of GM-CSF/CT26 prior to vaccination enhances the induction of anti-tumor immune response in mouse model. Methods: A carcinogeninduced mouse colorectal tumor, CT26 was transfected with GM-CSF gene using a retroviral vector to generate GM-CSF-secreting CT26 (CT26/GM-CSF). The CT26/GM-CSF was treated with ${\gamma}$-irradiation or mitomycin C to induce apoptosis and vaccinated into BALB/c mice. After 7 days, the mice were injected with a lethal dose of challenge live CT26 cells to examine the protective effect of tumor vaccination in vivo. Results: Although both apoptotic and necrotic CT26/GM-CSF vaccines were able to enhance anti-tumor immune response, apoptotic CT26/GM-CSF induced by pretreatment with ${\gamma}$-irradiation (50,000 rads) was the most potent in generating the anti-tumor immunity, and thus 100% of mice vaccinated with the apoptotic cells remained tumor free for more than 60 days after tumor challenge. Conclusion: Apoptogenic pretreatment of GM-CSF-secreting CT26 tumor vaccine by ${\gamma}$-irradiation (50,000 rads) resulted in a significant enhancement in inducing the protective anti-tumor immunity. A rapid induction of apoptosis of CT26/GM-CSF tumor vaccine at the vaccine site might be critical for the enhancement in anti-tumor immune response to tumor vaccine.
전도연,Elizabeth M Jaffee,김영호 대한면역학회 2005 Immune Network Vol.5 No.2
Background: As an attempt to develop a strategy to improve the protective immune response to GM-CSF-secreting CT26 (GM-CSF/CT26) tumor vaccine, we have investigated whether the apoptogenic treatment of GM-CSF/CT26 prior to vaccination enhances the induction of anti-tumor immune response in mouse model. Methods: A carcinogen- induced mouse colorectal tumor, CT26 was transfected with GM-CSF gene using a retroviral vector to generate GM-CSF-secreting CT26 (CT26/GM-CSF). The CT26/GM-CSF was treated with γ-irradiation or mitomycin C to induce apoptosis and vaccinated into BALB/c mice. After 7 days, the mice were injected with a lethal dose of challenge live CT26 cells to examine the protective effect of tumor vaccination in vivo. Results: Although both apoptotic and necrotic CT26/GM-CSF vaccines were able to enhance anti-tumor immune response, apoptotic CT26/GM-CSF induced by pretreatment with γ-irradiation (50,000 rads) was the most potent in generating the anti-tumor immunity, and thus 100% of mice vaccinated with the apoptotic cells remained tumor free for more than 60 days after tumor challenge. Conclusion: Apoptogenic pretreatment of GM-CSF-secreting CT26 tumor vaccine by γ-irradiation (50,000 rads) resulted in a significant enhancement in inducing the protective anti-tumor immunity. A rapid induction of apoptosis of CT26/GM-CSF tumor vaccine at the vaccine site might be critical for the enhancement in anti-tumor immune response to tumor vaccine.
Jun, Do Youn,Moutner, Joseph,Jaffee, Elizabeth The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2003 Immune Network Vol.3 No.2
Background: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced tumor cell vaccines induce very potent systemic anti-tumor immunity in preclinical and clinical models. Our previous phase I clinical trial in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has demonstrated both immune cell infiltration at vaccine sites and T cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to whole tumor cell vaccines. Methods: To investigate the immune responses to autologous genetically- modified tumor cell vaccines, tumor-specific $CD8^+$ T cell lines were generated from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of a RCC patient 1.24 by repeated in vitro stimulation with either B7.1-transduced autologous RCC tumor cells or B7.1-transduced autologous tumor cells treated with interferon gamma ($IFN{\gamma}$), and cloned by limiting dilution. Results: Among several RCC-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), a $CD4^+/CD8^+$ double positive T cell clone (17/A2) appeared to recognize $IFN{\gamma}$-treated autologous RCC restricted by HLA-B39. The 17/A2 also recognized other HLA-B39 positive RCC tumor cells after $IFN{\gamma}$ treatment. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that autologous RCC vaccination successfully generates the tumor-specific CTL 17/A2, and suggest that the presentation and recognition of the tumor antigen by the 17/A2 might be upregulated by $IFN{\gamma}$.
Altaf Mohammed,Roderick H. Dashwood,Sally Dickinson,Mary L. Disis,Elizabeth M. Jaffee,Bryon D. Johnson,Samir N. Khleif,Michael N. Pollak,Jeffrey Schlom,Robert H. Shoemaker,Sasha E. Stanton,Georg T. Wo 대한암예방학회 2021 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.26 No.4
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Division of Cancer Prevention (DCP) convened the “Translational Advances in Cancer Prevention Agent Development (TACPAD) Workshop on Immunomodulatory Agents” as a virtual 2-day workshop on September 13 to 14, 2021. The main goals of this workshop were to foster the exchange of ideas and potentially new collaborative interactions among leading cancer immunoprevention researchers from basic and clinical research and highlight new and emerging trends in immunoprevention. The workshop included an overview of the mechanistic classes of immunomodulatory agents and three sessions covering the gamut from preclinical to clinical studies. The workshop convened individuals working in immunology and cancer prevention to discuss trends in discovery and development of immunomodulatory agents individually and in combination with other chemopreventive agents or vaccines.
Jaffe, Peter R.,Park,Seok S. 이화여자대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 이화환경연구 Vol.1 No.-
A numerical model was developed to simulate the vertical profile of the redox potential in the benthic sediments. The benthic sediments were subdivided vertically into six zones, each with different microbial and chemical reactions: aerobic respiration, denhtrification, managanese reducation, iron reducation, sulfate reduction, and methanogenesis. Microbial degradation of organic matter and subsequent chemical reactions of interest were formulated using stoichiometric relationships and considering the vertical advective/dispersive transport in the sediments. The kinetics of utilization of the different electron acceptors during the biodegradation of the organic matter were described by Monod-type formulation. Eleven coupled differential equations were derived and solved interactively utilizing an iterative multistep numerical method. The model input parameters include the rate of solid deposition, concentrations of electron acceptors in the water overlaying the sediments, activities of the benthic fauna, and molecular diffusion. The model simulates the redox potential as well as eleven chemical constituents in the sediments, three solids(particulate organic matter, manganese oxide, and iron oxide), and eight dissolved species(oxygen, nitrate, sulfate, ammonia, dissolved manganese, dissolved iron, sulfide and methane). The model demonstrated that accurate estimates of the flux of primary electron acceptors and donors from the overlying water to the benthic sediments is important to determine the redox conditions in sediments. Bioturbation and the rate of pore-water infiltration are processes that have a major influence on this flux.