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Leakage Currents of a Fast Switching Thyristor Made by Proton Irradiation Method
E.D. Kim,C.L. Zhang,S.C. Kim,N.K. Kim,J.Z. Zhu,B.F. Yang 전력전자학회 2004 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-
A thyristor with a VRRM of 1,600V was made with 200μm of N-base width from 60Ω·cm NTD-Si wafer and the proton irradiation was employed for improving its switching performance. This study showed that 4.7MeV-proton irradiation gives a narrow distribution of induced defects in the middle of N-drift region with its width of 10μm, which resulted in a superior trade-off relation between its static and dynamic characteristics. It was found that 3.7MeV and 5.9MeV protons remarkably increased the forward leakage current IDRM and the reverse leakage current IRRM, respectively. The increased IDRM and IRRM are attributed to the induced defects in the depletion layers of thyristor junctions J2 and J1, respectively.
Strain-modulated antiferromagnetic spin orientation and exchange coupling in Fe/CoO(001)
Zhu, J.,Li, Q.,Li, J. X.,Ding, Z.,Hua, C. Y.,Huang, M. J.,Lin, H.-J.,Hu, Z.,Won, C.,Wu, Y. Z. American Institute of Physics 2014 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS - Vol.115 No.19
The effect of CoO spin orientation on exchange coupling was investigated in single-crystalline Fe/CoO/MnO/MgO(001) systems. An antiferromagnetic CoO spin reorientation transition from the in-plane direction to the out-of-plane direction was found to be associated with the in-plane strain transition in CoO film from compression to expansion. The induced uniaxial anisotropies by exchange coupling at the Fe/CoO interface are significantly stronger for the in-plane CoO spin orientation than for the out-of-plane CoO spin orientation. Our study provides a way to modify the exchange coupling in the ferromagnetic (FM)/antiferromagnetic (AFM) bilayer by modulating the strain in the AFM film. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
Linkage Disequilibrium Estimation of Chinese Beef Simmental Cattle Using High-density SNP Panels
Zhu, M.,Zhu, B.,Wang, Y.H.,Wu, Y.,Xu, L.,Guo, L.P.,Yuan, Z.R.,Zhang, L.P.,Gao, X.,Gao, H.J.,Xu, S.Z.,Li, J.Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.6
Linkage disequilibrium (LD) plays an important role in genomic selection and mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this study, the pattern of LD and effective population size ($N_e$) were investigated in Chinese beef Simmental cattle. A total of 640 bulls were genotyped with IlluminaBovinSNP50BeadChip and IlluminaBovinHDBeadChip. We estimated LD for each autosomal chromosome at the distance between two random SNPs of <0 to 25 kb, 25 to 50 kb, 50 to 100 kb, 100 to 500 kb, 0.5 to 1 Mb, 1 to 5 Mb and 5 to 10 Mb. The mean values of $r^2$ were 0.30, 0.16 and 0.08, when the separation between SNPs ranged from 0 to 25 kb to 50 to 100 kb and then to 0.5 to 1 Mb, respectively. The LD estimates decreased as the distance increased in SNP pairs, and increased with the increase of minor allelic frequency (MAF) and with the decrease of sample sizes. Estimates of effective population size for Chinese beef Simmental cattle decreased in the past generations and $N_e$ was 73 at five generations ago.
Antiferromagnetic spin reorientation transition in epitaxial NiO/CoO/MgO(001) systems
Zhu, J.,Li, Q.,Li, J. X.,Ding, Z.,Liang, J. H.,Xiao, X.,Luo, Y. M.,Hua, C. Y.,Lin, H.-J.,Pi, T. W.,Hu, Z.,Won, C.,Wu, Y. Z. American Physical Society 2014 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.90 No.5
Zhu, M.J.,Yu, M.,Liu, B.,Zhu, Z.Z.,Xiong, T.A.,Fan, B.,Xu, S.P.,Du, Y.Q.,Peng, Z.Z.,Li, K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.5
The Tongcheng pig breed is a famous Chinese indigenous breed. The Ministry of Agriculture of China has filed it as 1 of 19 national key conservation breeds selected from more than 100 Chinese indigenous pig breeds in 2000. In order to improve the reproductive performance, it has been intensively selected to increase the litter size for about 10 years. The population randomly sampled from conservation nucleus of eight families in the Tongcheng pigs was genotyped for identification of their estrogen receptor locus polymorphisms with the PCR-RFLPs method. Only AB heterozygotes and BB homozygotes were detected, and $X^2$ test demonstrated that the locus was in disequilibrium at a significant level (p<0.05). In the present paper, the litter sizes in different parities were regarded as different traits. Holistic status of other unspecific and unidentified genes was estimated by using the statistical methods. Coefficients of kurtosis and skewness showed that the litter size still presented segregating characteristic in the 2nd, 5th, 7th, 8th and 9th parities. Analysis of homogeneity of variance between families confirmed the results for the 5th, 7th and 8th parities. The heritability of litter size for the 1st to 10th parities was estimated with paternal half-sib model and individual estimated breeding values (EBVs) were evaluated by a single trait animal model as well. We found that the averages of EBVs for litter size in each parity did not differ significantly between genotypes, despite the significant difference for original phenotype records in the 3rd, 4th and 5th parities (p<0.05 or p<0.01). The results may be explained by the deduction that the polymorphisms of ESR locus are no longer the important genetic base of litter size variation when the frequency of allele B accumulated in the experience of selection procedure, and further conferring that there exist special genes associated with litter size in the recent Tongcheng pigs population can be made.
Structural damage identification using incomplete static displacement measurement
Z. R. Lu,J.J. Zhu,Y.J. Ou 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.63 No.2
A local damage identification method using measured structural static displacement is proposed in this study. Based on the residual force vector deduced from the static equilibrium equation, residual strain energy (RSE) is introduced, which can localize the damage in the element level. In the case of all the nodal displacements are used, the RSE can localize the true location of damage, while incomplete displacement measurements are used, some suspicious damaged elements can be found. A model updating method based on static displacement response sensitivity analysis is further utilized for accurate identification of damage location and extent. The proposed method is verified by two numerical examples. The results indicate that the proposed method is efficient for damage identification. The advantage of the proposed method is that only limited static displacement measurements are needed in the identification, thus it is easy for engineering application.
<i>Phellinus linteus</i> activates different pathways to induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells
Zhu, T,Guo, J,Collins, L,Kelly, J,Xiao, Z J,Kim, S-H,Chen, C-Y Nature Publishing Group 2007 The British journal of cancer Vol.96 No.4
<P>It is known that polysaccharides extracted from the <I>Phellinus linteus</I> (PL) mushroom possess antitumour activity. We previously have demonstrated that high doses of PL render murine or human lung cancer cells susceptible to apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms of PL-mediated apoptosis have not been fully explored. In this study, we demonstrate that LNCaP cells expressing the androgen receptor (AR) are highly susceptible to apoptosis in response to treatment with high doses of PL. In this process, caspase 8 and its downstream effectors (such as BID), as well as ER stress-related, apoptotic signalling, are activated. In contrast, a moderate amount of apoptosis occurs in PC3 cells (that lack AR) after the same treatment, which does not activate ER-mediated apoptotic signalling. We also show that, in the process of PL-induced apoptosis, caspase 2 is induced in LNCaP cells, but not in PC3 cells. However, LNCaP cells that express a mutated AR or LNCaP cells treated with a caspase 2 inhibitor blocked ER stress-induced apoptotic signals. The magnitudes of the induction of apoptosis in these cells are comparable with what occurred in the PC3 cells. The data demonstrate that high doses of PL activate the AR-dependent and independent apoptotic pathways. Our study also suggests that caspase 2 is a key target in the determination of the susceptibility of prostate cancer cells to PL-induced apoptosis.</P>