Complications of polyacrylamide hydrogel injection for breast augmentation: A case report and literature review

Inhoe Ku,박지웅 대한미용성형외과학회 2019 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.25 No.3

Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) was developed in the 1980s as an injectable filler for breast augmentation and tissue contour improvement, but its potential risk for oncogenesis and the frequent occurrence of chronic complications after injections led to the prohibition of its further use as an injectable material. Although breast augmentation with PAAG injections was mostly performed in China and Eastern Europe, the migration of patients and long-term complications of the procedure made it a global concern. Herein, we describe the case of a 49-year-old woman who immigrated to Korea after undergoing breast augmentation via PAAG injection in China, and complained of persistent mastodynia and retraction of both breasts. Surgical treatment was undertaken, along with removal of the PAAG and total capsulectomy of the fibrous capsule containing the gel through an inframammary fold incision. We share our experience of diagnosing and treating this case, and present a literature review.

Korea’s Low Birthrate and Its Search for Realistic Measures

Ku, Inhoe Ewha Institute for Biomedical Law & Ethics 2011 BIOMEDICAL LAW & ETHICS Vol.5 No.1

The tendency to disregard human life has been started with the family planning policy which has been executed along with 5 year economic plan (1962-66). The nation considered the population growth as an inhibitory factor to economic development and executed nationwide birth control policy. Due to the decline of birth rate Korean society has recorded the lowest birth rate in the world and is expected to suffer from fast aging population. Recent birth promotion plan proposed by the government includes support for newborn baby’s health management, support for medical expense of premature baby, tax benefit, support for nurturing environment and fee of more than three children, campaign on the importance of family and children, campaign to dissolve gender ratio imbalance, and population policy to recommend and promote birth. In this paper author will analyze reasons for Korea’s low birthrate and will provide alternatives.

Erratum : Clinical outcomes of a low-cost single-channel myoelectric-interface three-dimensional hand prosthesis

Ku, Inhoe,Lee, Gordon K.,Park, Chan Yong,Lee, Janghyuk,Jeong, Euicheol Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.5

A dual padding method for ischial pressure sore reconstruction with an inferior gluteal artery perforator fasciocutaneous flap and a split inferior gluteus maximus muscle flap

Ku, Inhoe,Lee, Gordon K.,Yoon, Saehoon,Jeong, Euicheol Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.5

Background Various surgical management methods have been proposed for ischial sore reconstruction, yet it has the highest recurrence rate of all pressure ulcer types. A novel approach combining the advantages of a perforator-based fasciocutaneous flap and a muscle flap is expected to resolve the disadvantages of previously introduced surgical methods. Methods Fifteen patients with ischial pressure ulcers with chronic osteomyelitis or bursitis, who underwent reconstructive procedures with an inferior gluteal artery perforator (IGAP) fasciocutaneous flap and a split inferior gluteus maximus muscle flap from January 2011 to June 2016, were analyzed retrospectively. The split muscle flap was rotated to obliterate the deep ischial defect, managing the osteomyelitis or bursitis, and the IGAP fasciocutaneous flap was rotated or advanced to cover the superficial layer. The patients' age, sex, presence of bursitis or osteomyelitis, surgical details, complications, follow-up period, and ischial sore recurrence were reviewed. Results All ischial pressure ulcers were successfully reconstructed without any flap loss. The mean duration of follow-up was 12.9 months (range, 3-35 months). Of 15 patients, one had a recurrent ulcer 10 months postoperatively, which was repaired by re-advancing the previously elevated fasciocutaneous flap. Conclusions The dual-flap procedure with an IGAP fasciocutaneous flap and split inferior gluteus maximus muscle flap for ischial pressure ulcer reconstruction is a useful method that combines the useful characteristics of perforator and muscle flaps, providing thick dual padding with sufficient vascularization while minimizing donor morbidity and vascular pedicle injury.

Necrotizing fasciitis arisen from nose

Ku, Inhoe,Park, Ji-Ung Korean Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association 2019 Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Vol.20 No.4

Theological Review on Life Support Treatment

Ku, Inhoe 이화여자대학교 생명의료법연구소 2012 BIOMEDICAL LAW & ETHICS Vol.6 No.1

God speakes about life in many ways. Some remarkable statements are included in the idea of man as image of God. The first one is that life comes from God and is his gift, his image, his mark. God is the only owner of life; therefore this is an unthinkable reality, which is removed from the power of any man. Traditional analyses of death and dying acknowledge, at least implicitly, that decisions about health care take place in the context of relationships, social interdependence, and social obligations. However, bioethics through the middle of the twentieth century still concentrated attention on individual decisions and guarantees of autonomy. Christian teaching has traditionally opposed active causation of death, even for suffering, terminally ill patients. At the same time, death need not be opposed absolutely. The death of a very elderly or ill person may be accepted as appropriate, and measures to prolong life may be refused. To determine the moral character of decisions to use or refuse means, the context must be examined. For one thing, a means that is virtually useless or very dangerous in one era of medical practice may improve in efficacy as time goes on. Similarly, what is not tolerable or effective for one patient may be reasonable and useful for another. Moreover, the patient considering the acceptance of death must sometimes take into account the common good, for which he or she may still have a responsibility.

Philosophical Questions Concerning the Meaning of Life and Death

Ku, Inhoe 이화여자대학교 생명의료법연구소 2012 BIOMEDICAL LAW & ETHICS Vol.6 No.2

The concept of death is necessarily linked to an irreversible physical change in the state of the organism as a whole. There is a process of dying and there is a process of disintegration, and death is the event which indicates the moment when the process of dying ceases and the process of disintegration begins. This moment is the moment when the brain as a whole ceases to function, when the whole brain has become irreversibly dysfunctional. Death, so defined as the irreversible loss of function of the organism as a whole, is a singular concept. There are a number of states preceding death where it could be said that personal identity has been lost. A patient on a respirator, in a coma is still alive. Loss of consciousness does not necessarily involve strictly biological concepts, but death does. For ultimately the concept of death can only be applied to organism, not persons. A person in a persistent vegetative state is just that: alive in the most basic biological sense.

Clinical outcomes of a low-cost single-channel myoelectric-interface three-dimensional hand prosthesis

Ku, Inhoe,Lee, Gordon K.,Park, Chan Yong,Lee, Janghyuk,Jeong, Euicheol Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.4

Background Prosthetic hands with a myoelectric interface have recently received interest within the broader category of hand prostheses, but their high cost is a major barrier to use. Modern three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled more widespread development and cost-effectiveness in the field of prostheses. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical impact of a low-cost 3D-printed myoelectric-interface prosthetic hand on patients' daily life. Methods A prospective review of all upper-arm transradial amputation amputees who used 3D-printed myoelectric interface prostheses (Mark V) between January 2016 and August 2017 was conducted. The functional outcomes of prosthesis usage over a 3-month follow-up period were measured using a validated method (Orthotics Prosthetics User Survey-Upper Extremity Functional Status [OPUS-UEFS]). In addition, the correlation between the length of the amputated radius and changes in OPUS-UEFS scores was analyzed. Results Ten patients were included in the study. After use of the 3D-printed myoelectric single electromyography channel prosthesis for 3 months, the average OPUS-UEFS score significantly increased from 45.50 to 60.10. The Spearman correlation coefficient (r) of the correlation between radius length and OPUS-UEFS at the 3rd month of prosthetic use was 0.815. Conclusions This low-cost 3D-printed myoelectric-interface prosthetic hand with a single reliable myoelectrical signal shows the potential to positively impact amputees' quality of life through daily usage. The emergence of a low-cost 3D-printed myoelectric prosthesis could lead to new market trends, with such a device gaining popularity via reduced production costs and increased market demand.

A dual padding method for ischial pressure sore reconstruction with an inferior gluteal artery perforator fasciocutaneous flap and a split inferior gluteus maximus muscle flap

Inhoe Ku,Gordon K. Lee,Saehoon Yoon,Eui Cheol Jeong 대한성형외과학회 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.5

Background Various surgical management methods have been proposed for ischial sore reconstruction, yet it has the highest recurrence rate of all pressure ulcer types. A novel approach combining the advantages of a perforator-based fasciocutaneous flap and a muscle flap is expected to resolve the disadvantages of previously introduced surgical methods. Methods Fifteen patients with ischial pressure ulcers with chronic osteomyelitis or bursitis, who underwent reconstructive procedures with an inferior gluteal artery perforator (IGAP) fasciocutaneous flap and a split inferior gluteus maximus muscle flap from January 2011 to June 2016, were analyzed retrospectively. The split muscle flap was rotated to obliterate the deep ischial defect, managing the osteomyelitis or bursitis, and the IGAP fasciocutaneous flap was rotated or advanced to cover the superficial layer. The patients’ age, sex, presence of bursitis or osteomyelitis, surgical details, complications, follow-up period, and ischial sore recurrence were reviewed. Results All ischial pressure ulcers were successfully reconstructed without any flap loss. The mean duration of follow-up was 12.9 months (range, 3–35 months). Of 15 patients, one had a recurrent ulcer 10 months postoperatively, which was repaired by re-advancing the previously elevated fasciocutaneous flap. Conclusions The dual-flap procedure with an IGAP fasciocutaneous flap and split inferior gluteus maximus muscle flap for ischial pressure ulcer reconstruction is a useful method that combines the useful characteristics of perforator and muscle flaps, providing thick dual padding with sufficient vascularization while minimizing donor morbidity and vascular pedicle injury.

Clinical outcomes of a low-cost single-channel myoelectric-interface three-dimensional hand prosthesis

Inhoe Ku,Gordon K. Lee,박찬용,Janghyuk Lee,Eui Cheol Jeong 대한성형외과학회 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.4

Background Prosthetic hands with a myoelectric interface have recently received interest within the broader category of hand prostheses, but their high cost is a major barrier to use. Modern three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled more widespread development and cost-effectiveness in the field of prostheses. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical impact of a low-cost 3D-printed myoelectric-interface prosthetic hand on patients’ daily life. Methods A prospective review of all upper-arm transradial amputation amputees who used 3D-printed myoelectric interface prostheses (Mark V) between January 2016 and August 2017 was conducted. The functional outcomes of prosthesis usage over a 3-month follow-up period were measured using a validated method (Orthotics Prosthetics User Survey–Upper Extremity Functional Status [OPUS-UEFS]). In addition, the correlation between the length of the amputated radius and changes in OPUS-UEFS scores was analyzed. Results Ten patients were included in the study. After use of the 3D-printed myoelectric single electromyography channel prosthesis for 3 months, the average OPUS-UEFS score significantly increased from 45.50 to 60.10. The Spearman correlation coefficient (r) of the correlation between radius length and OPUS-UEFS at the 3rd month of prosthetic use was 0.815. Conclusions This low-cost 3D-printed myoelectric-interface prosthetic hand with a single reliable myoelectrical signal shows the potential to positively impact amputees’ quality of life through daily usage. The emergence of a low-cost 3D-printed myoelectric prosthesis could lead to new market trends, with such a device gaining popularity via reduced production costs and increased market demand.