理論的 用語를 土台로한 國民學校 算數科 學習資料 開發에 關한 硏究

梁仁煥,朴根生,黃秉德 淸州大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1977 淸州大學校 科學敎育硏究所 Vol.2 No.-

This research study is aimed more at pursuing the methods of promoting logical thinking to be debated in the present-day mathematical instruction, searching to discover the foundation underlying it, and then at meterializing even more learning effects in coping with the instructional situation forecast in practice. Hence to this end, the study objectives are set up and launched as follows: 1) It provides the materials capable of endorsing view points for the primary school teachers who play a pivotal role on modernizing the mathematical education. 2) It works out the instructional materials bearing relation on logical terms and their definitions 3) It purveys the rudimentary materials for ameliorating the mathematical curriculum. However, put it to the point, taken for granted that logical instruction covers a wide range of contents and methods, this study can't but give lots of limit only to simple principles forming the foundations of logical terms, definitions, and axiomatic methods. Moreover, in the primary school mathematical learning sign logic or logical verification is not in fact directed enough to be suitable for children, but logical learning is undertaken for clarifying mathematical thinking, so with mind on this stand, we allege we addressed ourselves to extract and frame the material concerning logical terms. In chapter Ⅱ the logical terms, logical corallory, logical definition, and axiomatic methods, which this study purports to delve into, are given second thought in light of logical facets. In chaptor Ⅲ we consolidated the teaching stantpoint analyzing the primary school mathematical textbooks(1st grade to 6th grade) and seeking the learning situation given the leeway for bringing logical terms into classroom. In chapter Ⅳ and Ⅴ the learning materials and logical terms, which underlie the learning of logical definition and axiomatic methods, are boiled down and worked out, and simultaneously referenciel materials, serving the intent of the teachers' further prosecution of study thereon, are presented as well. Alongside, pulling ahead with the above work, we will state a few views in point gleaned from this study. The logical learning for orienting logic righteously should deserve all the more emphatic care and systemic inculcation in today's mathematical teaching targeted for modernization. With a view to further doing that now the teachers should take an advanced pace ever farther than they took a luckewarm pose about mathematical education, and should have a close insight into logic to the effect that they can make exact treatment and judgment of them. Foremost of all, they should conduct still more efficient teaching by classifying and arranging logical terms founded on sagacious understanding in children's learning or by guiding them in the direction that they can have a thorough grip of relationships to concepts. If carried out, in particular not less notice should be given to the following issues: 1) Accurate understanding as for the logical terms(be, not be, and, or, all, any, at least, at most, no less than, if-then) or signs(→,⇒,⇔,? etc.) are the cornerstone of logical instruction. 2) Considered that axiomatic methods are a nucleus of modern mathematics, propelling thinking abilitiy underpinned by sound ground is not only a momentum of childlike deductive thinking, but an axis of logical verification to be advancd into a better dimension in the forth coming days. In the fear of knowing what tomorrow will bring, the teachers should deliberate to the full what is to be determined as axiom and what logical learning is to be performed. 3) Keeping in mind that mathematic text books are organized so as to aggrandize laws and concepts into larger and more complex ones by degrees in view of child developmental stages, teachers should teach them to make clearer the definitions of objects. 4) In the current mathematical learning legic bears germane relationships on "set concept", hence logical learning should be progressed on the basis of sets. 5) Teachers should take persistent account of the fact that there still exists the case that analogous, inductive, or deductive thinking is acted upon otherwise than intuitive thinking either in theoretic development or in the disposal of problems. To be exact, the following problems are put forward as the supreme tasks of the future logical instruction: 1) To what extent is the purview of logical teaching fixed and how is the pertinent instructional framework organized in the scope of teaching? 2) The signs(→,⇒,⇔, ? etc.) of logic are included in the mathematical texts, besides, to what degree and in what way are new signs introduced in any grade from now on? 3) In what way is it the most praiseworthy for the concepts of sets to be structured so as to make inalienable ties with logic? 4) In teacher's in-service training what are the concepts concerning logic and the problems of training hour allotment. to be contemplated? In addition to these matters discussed above, the field-study which invokes interest in the front teacher's logical teaching had better be recommended and encouraged even more positively than the past. To sum up, it goes without saying that this study has brought about most limited materials in search of teaching methods making the groundwork for logical terms, definitions and axiomatic methods. Out of this result as such it is very difficult to hazard any rash conclusion on logical teaching with far-flung characteristics. However, we wish the study of this area would gain far open ground sufficiently enough to brush up the teaching methods of the field teacher's and remain meaningful materials later on Conducive to ironing out any thorny problems stemming from furtherance of research meeting our expectation in the foreseeable future and render a major boost to more intensive study, now that to date any convincible studies of this area have not yet come fresh in many years.

國民學校 敎師 自然 및 算數科 再敎育의 分析的 硏究 : Based on the Choong Buk Province

黃秉德,梁仁煥,崔炳文,趙璇衡,朴根生 淸州大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1977 淸州大學校 科學敎育硏究所 Vol.1 No.-

Our college has retrained many primary school teachers during 5 years is science, and during 4 years in case of mathematics. Many problems are found out in the process of retraining them in our school. This study is aimed to research the actual condition of the retraining and to find out the way to improvement from the problems. However, Our study will have some limitation as follows: (1) For our study, only 300 teachers are chosen from the total 1,869 attended at our college(Cheong Ju Teachers College) in 1976. (2) The administrational and financial affairs are analyzed only according to the Ministry of Education with UNICEF funds from 1972 to 1976, and (3) We didn't take any consideration of Ministry of Education Project in Suggesting the way of improvement. Following are some problems found in our study: 1) Throughout the nation, only 23% of primary school teachers were taught in science and mathematice reservice work during the 5 years, and it can be said that it takes about 20 years to retrained all the teachers without consideration of natural increase of teachers. 2) The proportion of selecting primary school teachers in all the country for this reservice training is extreme, for example, Jeju Province is 57.9%, Seoul 17.7%. 3) The proportion of woman teachers selected in Choong Buk primary school is only 3.5% of total woman teachers, who takes 32% of total Choong Buk primary teachers during 5 years. Therefore, it is said that the number is very little. 4) Some teachers have been reselected in the reservice training. In case of the Choong Buk Board of Education. the 6% of teachers selected once were reselected for 5 years. 5) When the test are enforced on attendants to get data before the reservice training. We could find that they didn't understand the basic concept of science except a grade under their charge. 6) In the process of inquiry study, they didn't know even the scientific terms of expectation and reasoning. 7) After 60 hours of reservice training course. We tested them about understanding of the contents of text, and their marks are from 10 to 100. the marks show large individual difference among them. 8) Some teachers may have neither teaching ability nor knowledge of the basic concept, that is 11.3% of total attendants are less than 30 marks in mathematics test. 9) It is too very large work to study reservice text during the 60 hours. 10) There are many difficult signs in the mathematics reservice text having no connection with the actual primary school mathematics text book. 11) In the reservice text of science, there are omitted the method of teaching materials production, the model of inquiry learning, and the evaluation method. 12) From the analysis of questionary response for finding the actual condition of administration of teaching materials, We could find out 15% of primary schools in Choong Buk Province do almost not prepare teaching materials, and 15% of its never put them to practical use. Therefore, We could say that total 30% of them have been teaching without teaching materials. 13) The 42% of attendants in mathematics class answer that they do not understand the new mathematical signs, and 42% of them answer the shortage of hours (60 hours) to understand their reservice text book. 14) The 25% of them answer that they teach children with cramming education, and almost of them want good teachers guide books. As mentioned above, there are found many problems to be solved for reservice training of science education in our country. Some of them will be solved in our study. So We find out its and We suggest the ways solving the problems as follows: A. On the administration of reservice training. 1) The reservice training work for primary school teachers is very significant and will have to be continued. 2) It will be done in not only summer vacation but also winter one for finishing immediatly all over the country. 3) The 60 hours of science reservice training course work are very short, and the classmember of attendants will be regulated. 4) The funds for reservice operation and travelling expenses for attendants will be realized. B. On selecting the attendants 1) When the attendants are selected, there will be consideration of age, rank, term of their service, sex and academic background. 2) as far as possible, it will be selected as homogeous groups, and it will be effective to teach them with division between class teacher and nonclass teacher. 3) When select attendants are it will be taken consideration of balance between city and province for the diffusion effect and parallel development in reservice training work. 4) It must give a chance to woman as same as to man teacher according to a rule of equal select chance. 5) The principal, instructor and school inspector will be reeducated for fixing of science curriculum. C. On reservice training text book 1) The text book must reedit moderatly for 60 hours, or the time of retraining for the text book finished will be extented. In our opinion, it is to be desired that the time have to be added. 2) The difficult signs must be omitted, taking into account for the mathematics knowledge and time of education period. 3) In the science reservice training text book, it must supplement the tack for framming of inquiry teaching plan, the method for making teaching materials, and the skill for replacing of teaching materials. D. For the curriculum management of science. 1) The Governmental Company must settle the shortage of science teaching materials in primary school. 2) For the charge of the old state of teaching method, the teachers must devote themselves to teach children without miscellaneous duties. 3) The authorities concerned (for example, Ministry of Education, Teachers College, etc.) must make guide books for science teachers, and supply them to primary school teachers. 4) It must be given the chance of long period reeducation to the incompetent primary school teachers, and problem will have to be studied under the situation of educational administration.

The Taming of the Shrew에 있어서의 順從性 : 一掃德觀을 中心으로

鄭仁德 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 1976 인문학연구 Vol.3 No.1

As shown before it is known that the theme of this drama is to find virtue of woman, "Woman should obey her husband". The purpose of this theme is in the harmony of the family and the method of performing the purpose for this theme, the skill of the taming of the shrew, is wholly laid in Petruchio himself. The source of the trouble in this drama is the character of Kate the shrew. But the headstrong Kate is challenged by a strong man Petruchio. His taming skill is to be revealed as a following phrase. Though little fire grows great with little wind, Extreme gusts will blow out fire and all. He compares himself to the gust or the gale for a little fire, and to the mountain for the wind and tames her as in the taming of the hunting hawk as harshily as the winter does a man and all things. The following English proverb fits for the case of Kate: Highly aggressive woman needed highly masculine men to take them feel feminine. The character of Petruchio is too strong for Kate to challenge and farthermore, "He kills her in her own humour" is his another method of taming her. We may well say that the "taming" of the shrew means a reforming of the character of Kate. Also we may well say that in the part of man it is the taming of woman, while in the part of woman, it is obedienc to her husband's command as he demands. This means that to be tamed is not only the second birth of Kate, or the new birth of a virtuous woman but a spiritual regeneration. There is no man but can be trained by education and no woman but can be obeyed by a strong leadership. Finally, Bianca and the widow changed into disobedient women but only Kate became a new woman, in another word, virtuous woman. Therefore, we can say that a man accepted a wife and two women accepted husbands. The climax and highlight of this drama is in the long Kate's speech on a womanly woman at the last part of this drama. The long journey for taming the shrew from Act 1. Scene ii to Act V. Scene ii was to show the dutiful Kate's obedience in wager and to hear the Kate's speech onan obedient woman. We can find in her lecture the three bonds and five moral rules in human relations in Confucian theory and the virtuous points of view which the Bible, the support of western idea, demands. To wound thy lord, thy king, thy governor. Thy husband is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper, Thy head, thy sovereign-one that cares for thee, And craves no other tribute at thy hands But love, fair looks, and true obedience: Why are our bodies soft and weak and smooth, But now I see our lances are but straws, My hand is ready, may it do him ease. In her famous speech, there are woman's obedience to her husband, three followings of woman and the predominance of man over woman, which were the oriental Confucian ideas. In this speech we can find that the head of woman is man, the head of man is Christ, the head of Christ is God (1 Corinthian 11.367), "man may rule over thee"' (Genesis 3.16)as the winter tames man and all things and man is the lord, life and the maker of woman. Here "female virtue" means the only absolute woman's obedience to man, and the pith and marrow of the reconcilation of the family is wholly laid on the woman's following to man. Therefore, it can be said that the precept of "The Taming of the Shrew" is to make woman obey her husband without condition and to persue this kind of female virtue.

Shakespeare 悲劇의 展開 : 四大悲劇을 中心으로

鄭仁德 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 1977 인문학연구 Vol.4 No.2

The distinction between tragedy and comedy falls on the end of a drama in general. I think there are more important things in drama than the ending of the play. The opening of a play involves many problems; such as beginning of action, settings, lines, light, and more important thing is atmosphere of a play. In addition, an audience should seriously be conscious, because a play is not for the reader but for the audience. In Shakespearean drama, since the play is written for the Elizabethan audience, they should be carefully studied, too. When adequately acted before a suitable audience, the plays can produce a complete clearing or the emotion. As Shakespeare's drama was not opened at night but in the daytime, there should not be light. The stage being a barestage, there was long lines to illustrate the situation of a play. So the prologue or chorus are pconsequently followed in Shakespeare's drama. The most remarkable thing in Act I, Scene i, the motivation of the great event is introduced and the preparation of the entrance of a hero with curiosity and sometimes with anxiety is also completed. There are two kind of opening scenes; one begins with high pitch or violent action and the other with low pitch or little action. If it opens at high pitch, then a low pitch conversation is naturally followed soon. Though it opens at low pitch, it will soon be broken not long before. So we can say that high and low, or low and high pitch alternate each other to attract attention of the audience in the opening scene. As soon as a play opens, we are confronted with a riot against the ruler as in Coliolanus, with a large crowd as in Julius Caesar and with a noisy street-fight as in Romeo and Juliet. In Hamlet the shrill shouting of the sentries is heard at cold night and soon a low tone is hardly heard when the ghost appears. In Macbeth as the play opens, thunder and lightening are heard and shown, as soon three witches appearing simultaneously, and then follows report of Macbeth's battle. But in Othello and King Lear the opening of the first scene is calm. However after sometime later the calmness is broken down by the disturbance in Othello and by the division of the kingdom in King Lear. On opening the play the appearance of the hero is not found but some time later the appearance of the hero brings a complete change in a drama. The hero encounters deep conflict the moment he appears on the stage. Therefore it is proper that we should say Shakespeare's drama begins shortly before the conflict. In Greek plays, it is opened in the middle of the conflict, but Ibsen's begins at the end of it. To impose conflict to the hero, or to create the terrific atmosphere, such supernatural or unnatural things as witches and ghosts, madness and soothsayers in the opening scene of Shakespeare's tragedies. And the essential words and phrases in Exposition scene bring ominous result throughout the play. 'Fair is foul, and foul is fair', and 'All hail; Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter' in Macbeth, 'Look to her, Moor, if thou hast eyes to see; She has deceived her father, and may thee' in Othello, 'The time is out of joint. Oh cursed spite, /That ever I was born to set it right' in Hamlet, 'Let it be so, thy truth, then be thy dower' in King Lear, and 'Beware the ides of March' in Julius Caesar affect all the play and finally brought tragic catastrophy not only to the hero but also to the other people. Above all things, theartrical atmosphere including all the elements mentioned above must be considered as the important factor in the opening scene of Shakespearean plays.

이용자 욕구(need)와 거주지역에 기반한 요양병원과 요양시설의 기능 재정립 방안 연구

최인덕(Choi In-Duck) 한국지역사회복지학회 2014 한국지역사회복지학 Vol.0 No.50

본 연구는 노인장기요양 전달체계의 요양병원과 요양시설 이용에 있어서 이용자의 욕구가 충분히 반영된 의료와 요양서비스 연계, 조정 방안을 도출하여 요양병원과 요양시설의 기능 재정립 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 먼저 이론과 문헌연구를 통해 노인특성과 요양과 의료서비스 특성을 고찰하였으며, 요양병원에서 사용하는 환자평가표와 노인장기요양등급조사표를 교차시켜 의료와 요양서비스 욕구유형별 대상자를 재분류(<표-4>와 [그림 1]참조)하고 심층 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 심층 면접을 통해 욕구(need)를 재분석하고 욕구유형별 거주지역에 기반한 요양병원과 요양시설의 서비스의 연계, 통합을 위한 방안을 도출할 수 있었다. 분석결과 대상자와 부양의무자별로 의료욕구와 요양욕구에 차이가 있었으며, 부양의무자인 자녀의 부양의사와 욕구 또한 요양과 의료서비스의 결정에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 이용자 욕구와 거주지역에 기반한 요양병원과 요양시설의 기능 정립을 위해서는 우선, A1 유형은 의료적 필요성의 판단에 대해 요양병원과 요양시설에서의 객관적 판단 도구가 보완, 강화되어야 할 것이고, 1등급이면서 중증 와상 노인은 요양병원에 입원시키고 호스피스 병상으로 활용하는 것이다. 둘째, 부양의무자의 부양의사 여부에 따른 사회적 입원 수요있는 C2, C3, D1에 대응하기 위해 노인장기요양보험 급여 서비스 중 주야간보호나 단기보호 제공 시설을 확대 강화하는 것이다. 더불어, 등급외자에 대한 거주지역에 기반한 노인복지서비스 제공을 강화하는 것이다. 셋째, A2, B1, B2, B3, C1 유형은 요양시설에서의 의료서비스 접근이 수월하고 잘 이루어지도록 접근성을 강화하는 한편 의료서비스가 필요하지 않은 대상자와 부양가족들에게 거주지역 요양시설의 다양한 복지, 재활 프로그램 등에 대해서 적극적으로 홍보하여 불필요한 의료 이용을 억제하는 방안을 제시하였다. This study is to address problems in medical treatment and long-term care services for the aged in the LTC delivery system. First of all, The elderly who have needs with medical and long-term care services have not used them. So this study seek a method for reinforcing linkage between nursing care facilities and geriatric hospitals. Based on findings of a survey of international long-term care and medical delivery system, assessment tools which used in Korean LTC and Geriatric hospitals, we re-classified 10 types for the aged in the geriatric hospital, nursing care unit and home. in-depth interview method was used with analysing the needs of the users in LTC and medical institutes. To integrate and connect the long-term care facilities and geriatric hospital services in LTC delivery system, we emphasize that the LTC A1 must go to the geriatric hospital and upgrade the assessment tools of ADL and medical needs. Second, Because of decreasing the ‘social admission in geriatric hospital’, LTC day care and short-term care centers have to be increased to the type of C2, C3, D1. A light cases of the aged in LTC system are used comprehensive welfare services in the community. Third, this study proposed to increase accessibility of medical services in LTC care facilities and restrict the unnecessary medical services in geriatric hospitals in A2, B1, B2, B3, C1 type.

4차 산업혁명에 따른 사회보험제도 변화의 탐색적 고찰

최인덕 ( Choi In-duck ) 한국사회보장학회 2018 사회보장연구 Vol.34 No.4

본 연구는 4차 산업혁명의 도래가 초래할 사회변화를 살펴보고, 사회적 위험이 변화됨에 따라 기존 사회보장제도인 사회보험제도가 어떻게 대처하는 것이 바람직할지 탐색적으로 제시하고자 하였다. 연구는 문헌연구방법을 선택하였다. 우선, 4차 산업혁명의 주요 기술인 인공지능(AI), 사물인터넷(Iot), 빅데이터(Big Data), 플랫폼(Platform), 사이버물리시스템(CP), 초연결 사회 등은 자기학습이 가능한 인공지능이 사물인터넷을 통해 연결되고, 빅데이터를 분석하여 개방형, 공유경제 체제를 형성하며 초연결된 사회에서 급격한 사회 변화를 야기할 것으로 예측된다. 이러한 변화는 기존 사회적 위험을 소득양극화와 치료/요양서비스 욕구의 증대의 두 가지 위험으로 통합시킬 것으로 보인다. 특히, 치료, 요양서비스에 대한 욕구 증가는 정신적, 정서적 휴먼서비스 욕구 강화로 나타날 것이다. 이에 따라 기존 사회보장제도는 소득양극화 완화를 위한 기본소득, 치료와 요양 욕구는 치료/요양서비스 제공방식으로 재편될 것으로 보인다. 대상은 전국민 개개인이 될 것이며, 급여수준은 기본소득은 중위소득 6%수준에서 중위소득 60%수준인 월 100만원 수준까지 확대를 예측하였으며, 치료요양서비스는 치료와 요양을 넘어 심리, 정서적 휴먼서비스 제공까지 급여범위로 하였다. 재원은 모두 보험방식이 아닌 조세방식으로 전환하고, 전달체계와 관리운영은 기본소득은 국세청, 서비스제공은 보건복지서비스공단이 될 것으로 예측하였다. 이를 토대로 한 정책적 제언은 4차 산업혁명을 통한 사회보장제도 발전을 위해 규제검토, 노동 해방적 패러다임 전환, 휴먼서비스 질 제고를 제시하였다. Since the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technology is clearly revolutionizing the way social life opportunity. In this study, we examined how the Fourth Industrial Revolution’s technologies change the social risks and social Insurance system in Korea. Research method is literature investigation. The Fourth Industrial Revolution’s main technologies are AI, Iot, Big-Data, Platform, CPS, Hyper Connected Society etc. These are connected after all and expected to replace the old social systems rapidly. In Social Risk’s aspect, there are two main problems that is income polarization and increase need of cure-care service. In this study would lay out in the Fourth Industrial Revolution’s Changes in Social Security System. These may result in predictable changes of social insurance system in Korea. First, Basic Income could be introduced at income maintenance system to reduce income polarization. Second, Cure-Care Services could be offered on need of medical and care insurance system by in-kind benefit as UK’s NHS. Two system’s Coverage are citizens to each person. Benefit coverage of Basic Income will be increased from median income’s 6% to median income’s 60% when the system is introduced. Cure-Care service’s definition also will extend to psychological emotion care. These new social security system would find sources of revenue in Robot or social security ear mark tax. The Delivery and Management system may be National Tax Service in Basic Income system and Health-Welfare Service Corporation. So the results, It is desired that would be dealt with the current regulatory review in Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies, Paradigm conversion for de-labourization and reinforcement of human service in Cure-Care Service.

해방 공간 재일조선인 어린이 잡지 『어린이通信』의 서술 경향

김인덕(Kim, In-Duck) 한일민족문제학회 2018 한일민족문제연구 Vol.34 No.-

Since the liberation in 1945, Korea residents in Japan formulated ‘Korean federation in Japan(Choryeon)’. Department of culture in Choryeon published for children magazine-‘Children Report’ which was decided for publish in June 1st in 1946 and 1st publish issue printed in July1at in same year. The magazine was published in months from first issue to eighth issue(July 1st-October 15th in1946). Writers of Children Report were elementary school compilation committee who were member of Choryeon. Although writers wrote various points of views but mostly they noted stances of Choryeon. Not only historian but literary men, aritist, scientists co-wrote the magazine. Children report was composed of preface, cover, song, children’s song, news, forums and so on-which focused mainly on history, literature, and science. One of historical serial from Children Report was ‘Proud of Nation’; portrait of dogfight (1-5), Rain gauge (1-6), Observatory (1-7), Portrait of black tortoise, and ‘Old People’ by Lim Gwangchul. In detail of old people were two feet monkey (1-1), stone replaces wood (1-2), beginning of farm (1-4), and Earthquake (1-7). Lim Gwangchul, historian, described early age of history by invention of tool. He also explained history of earthquake. Lee Eunjik dramatized ‘Chunhyangjeon’ by point of children’s view. Lee described hierarchy of Chosun dynasty by Yangban(aristocrat) and Sangnom(plebeian) so that he explained new type of human creature. What he urged in certain story was that he imagined harmonized society between two different classes. Children Report shown two serials of science; ‘cell story’ and ‘DDT story’ by Lim Youngjoon, ‘Nuclear world’ by Park Joonyoung. The cell story explained fundamental unit of life is cell and its contents and cellular multiplication. ‘Nuclear world’ elucidated elements, compounds, elixir plant, the solar system and so on. These kinds of serials were depicted by many of experts who focused social, class consciousness, and professionality. Children Report was classic magazine for children which involved Choryeon’s political ideas. 1945年の解放とともに在日朝鮮人は在日本朝鮮人連盟(以下朝連)を組織し た。この朝連の中央文化部は児童用の雑誌であるꡔオリニ通信ꡕを創刊した が、1946年6月1日朝連第2回全国文化部長会議で発刊が決定され7月1日に 発刊された。1卷1号から1卷8号まで隔月刊で1946年7月1日から1946年10月15 日まで刊行された。 ꡔオリニ通信ꡕの執筆陣は基本的に初等教材編纂委員であった。朝連の構 成員であった。多少偏差がある記述をしたが基本的には朝連の立場が堅持さ れている。歴史学者、文学者をはじめ美術家、科学者などが共同作業を進め た。雑誌は表紙、卷頭言、歌楽譜、童謡、国内のニュース、子供の文、 論壇、歴史、科学、文学などの欄で構成された。 ꡔオリニ通信ꡕには主要連載物が載せられている。主に歴史、文学そして科 学分野などに集中されていた。歴史関連の連載物では<韓国の自慢>コーナー がある。ここでは｢金弘道お爺さんの闘犬図(1-5)、｢測雨器(1-6)｣、｢瞻星台 (1-7)｣、｢玄武図(1-8)｣が確認される。そして林光澈の<昔の人々>が5回に連 載された。具体的には｢両足に立った猿(1-1)｣、｢木の代わりに石で(1-2)｣、 <昔の人>(1-3)、｢農業の開始(1-4)｣、｢地震(1-7)｣などが確認される。歴史学 者の林光澈は人類の初期の歴史を道具の発明に視点を置いて農業の始まりま で説明した。そして地震の歴史を歴史的に記述している。 林光澈は連載物｢子供春香伝(計7回)｣に子供を対象に春香伝を脚色してい る。彼はここで朝鮮時代の両班と平民の階級関係を事実的に見せてくれて主 人公夢竜を通じて新しい人間型を語っている。両班だけでなく平民と共に生きる 新しい世界、理想社会を描いている。 ꡔオリニ通信ꡕは科学に対する2編の連載物が見える。任暎準の｢細胞話｣、 ｢DDT話｣と朴俊榮の｢原子世界を求めて(総4回)｣がそれである。｢細胞話｣は 生物の基本単位を細胞という細胞はどんなものか、そして細胞の内容、細胞の 増殖を絵で説明を始めた。そして｢原子世界を求めて｣は元素と化合物、｢限 界顕微鏡｣、｢不老草｣、｢分子と原子の関係｣、｢原子と太陽系｣、｢養液構 造｣、｢中性子｣などについて説明した。 このような連載物は各分野の専門家の文として社会意識、階級意識、専門 性などに注目して叙述されている。 以上のようにꡔオリニ通信ꡕは総8号刊行された朝連の児童対象の代表的な雑 誌で朝連政治がそのまま反映された内容で執筆の構成員をみればより鮮明だと 言える。

『楚辭』「離騷」와 삽화의 결합 - 『欽定補繪蕭雲從離騷全圖』를 중심으로

高仁德(Ko, In-duck) 중국어문학연구회 2021 중국어문학논집 Vol.- No.129

This paper examines the development process of Qin ding bu hui Xiao Yuncong Li sao quan tu (欽定補繪蕭雲從離騷全圖), the methods of illustration and special features used for section Lisao (離騷) and the image of Qu Yuan as illustrated in section Lisao (離騷) in the book. In this study, the illustrations held in Qin ding bu hui Xiao Yuncong Li sao quan tu (欽定補繪蕭雲從離騷全圖) are reviewed in two categories: narrative and lyrical. While section Lisao (離騷) contains various narrative elements, the poem is essentially lyrical narrating about Qu yuan (屈原)"s loyalty, patriotism and the bitter sentiment towards unfairness. In general, the poetic meanings of lyrical poems are harder to describe in painting than visualizing events or situations in narrative poems. Therefore this study focuses on how the lyrical illustrations are produced. The findings of this study include that the lyrical illustrations contained in section Lisao (離騷) are visualization of the motifs and metaphors in the form of herbs and beautiful women as auxiliary concepts in the literature. In my view, the reason lies in the fact that Qu Yuan"s "original concepts" or his mind is abstract as in concepts like "loyalty," "innocence," "idealistic king," and "ideal." These are hard to depict in painting. Compared to this abstract concepts, it is not as challenging to express them in motifs such as "herbs" or "beautiful women." As a consequence, even though it is a lyrical poem hard to illustrate, Lisao (離騷) achieved a decent level of illustrating it thanks to the technique of motifs and metaphors. It is noteworthy, however, that Menyingzhao (門應兆)"s capabilities as an artist was not able to cover the full measures of the literary work and in fact one piece of the artwork is disturbing to properly appreciate the literary work. Conversely, this fact points at the challenges met in illustrating literature using the techniques of motifs and metaphors, and that in-depth understanding about an artist"s literary work is an absolute requirement for producing illustrations. As can be predicted by the fact that Qin ding bu hui Xiao Yuncong Li sao quan tu(欽定補繪蕭雲從離騷全圖) was published by the order of Emperor Qianlong (乾隆帝), the book in general illustrates picturesque and realistic painting style rather than the artist"s special talents. Qu Yuan"s images depicted in the illustrations of Lisao (離騷) coherently reveal his appearance as a loyal subject from a Confucianism family rather than Qu Yuan"s individual characteristics. Despite these weaknesses, it is certain that Qin ding bu hui Xiao Yuncong Li sao quan tu, including illustrations contained in Chuci (楚辭) took a considerable impact in spreading Chuci across the country. During the Qing Dynasty, its readers were limited to the ruling class centered around the emperor"s royal court. From the modern age, however, it took a strong impact upon spreading Chuci (楚辭) widely among ordinary people. That is attributed to the joy of appreciating the illustrations contained in the book beyond what can be achieved by reading the literature work only.

임광철(林光澈)의 재일조선인사 인식에 대한 소고

김인덕 ( Kim In-duck ) 수선사학회 2017 史林 Vol.0 No.59

As examined, Lim Gwang-chul had shown concept of theory which based on historical materialism. On the other hand, he predicted revolution of the people. While based on social research methodology, he also had interest on public education that began from Echungwon. Lim narrated Korean history based on historical materialism in amusing perspectives. He depicted Korean history by nation scale and he descripted the period of the three states given equal weight to Goguryeo, Baekje, and Shilla. At the same time, he focused the fact that the state of Goryeo had appeared without war or battle. He noted Yi Dynasty as establishing revolution. Also, the begin of supervision politics was from entrance of Ito Hirobumi (伊藤博文) in 1905. Meanwhile, Lim Gwan-chul tried to understand history mainly not Yi dynasty but history of feudal society. He mentioned that a purpose of book was the investigation of the capitalism system-principal of Asian feudal system. For that, Yi dynasty was reorganization of Asian feudal system. Futhermore, Toadyism was the most creative policy that Yi Seong-gye took. On the other hand, he believed that land ownership issue caused from massacre of scholars and party strife. He wrote that baptism of Yi Seung-hoon was historical event which related to Chosun society`s limitation with the Roman Catholic church. Lim Gwang-chul deeply focused on problems of Korean residents in Japan for his own reality struggles as one Korean resident in Japan; as the fact of saving lives and freedom from imperialist war. He took a notice on the fact that non-Japanese position within territory of Japan for independence, peace, democracy and political situation of Chosun was quite special since the world war II. With that, he urged that problem of Korean residents in Japan was output from Japanese imperialism and colonialism and he noted it is part of Chosun`s issue. According to Lim, Korean residents in Japan were not happy in Japan. He took a notice on the fact that these Korean had fought for the freedom and independence. People who went to Japan was struggle with nation, rank and this ended to their hostility to Japanese emperor and capitalism. He wrote that these behaviors could be explained from anti-Japan events; February 2nd independence movement, the federation of Labor, Directorate general of Japan Communist party of Korea and Japan, Branch of the Communist Youth League, turning problems, Korean commerce and industry youth league in Japan, pro-Japanese Korean activists and the resistance movement during compulsive haul. On liberation in 1945, he wrote in aggressive. He stated that Korean nation could have been liberated from WWII due to Soviet Union`s role. Also, he noted that liberation in 1945 was turning point of Korean residents in Japan and their liberation campaign. He mainly focused on internationalism of Korean residents in Japan and their problems by organization of the pro-Pyeongyang federation of Korean residents in Japan, 2nd national convention of Choryeon, command of November 20th in 1946, the Hanshin Education struggle in 1948, and democratic front for the reunification for Korean residents in Japan. Researches by Lim on Korean residents in Japan had been applied to the origin of historical study for Korean residents in Japan. Although there is political conflict on description of pre & post-war and history of Korean residents in Japan`s movement, his advanced research could be highlighted with historicity. In the real world, Lim proceeded description of Korean history in progress where he was placed in. At the same time, he considered the importance of communicating with public and into practice.

소 질병의 혈액화학적 연구

김덕환,이교영,이경갑,최희인,오사메 사토시,이찌조 시게루 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1994 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

In prder to clarify the changes of serum chemical values(AST, CPK and LDH activities)and LDH isoenzyme fractions in frequent occuring some diseases of dairy cows, total 48 cows(40 patients: 18 with downer cow syndrome, 17 with abomasal displacement and 5 with acute mastitis and 8 controls: clinically healthy cows) were examined. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In changes of total serum enzyme activities of patients group, increase of serum AST(P<0.001), CPK(P<0.01) and LDH activities(P<0.01)were observed in groups of downer cow syndrome and abomasal displacement, respectively by comparison with control group. Increase of AST only was found in group of acute mastitis(P<0.05). 2. In LDH isoenzyme fractions, increase of LDH₁(P<0.01), LDH₂(P<0.05), LDH₃(P<0.01), LDH₄(P<0.01) and LDH_5(P<0.01)fractiona was observed in group of downer cow syndrome and also marker increase of LDH4 and LDH5 fractions was noted in this group. The increase of LDH₁, LDH₂ amd LDH₃ (P<0.01)fractions was found in group of abomasal displacement, but group of acute mastitis showed similar result to that of control group.