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      • 自己報告書에 나타난 大學生의 進路成熟度와 性格要因과의 關係

        郭晙圭,鄭淑璟 東亞大學校 大學院 1983 大學院論文集 Vol.7 No.-

        The purpose of this study was to investigate the career maturity of college students as it relates to personality factors. The results of this will contribute to make guidelines for the school authority to help its students in choosing careers and acquiring career goals which are fundamental conditions for actualizing themselves in their lives. The research addressed the following questions. What are the status of career maturity of college students? How does the career maturity relates to the schools, majors, and sexes of the subjects? What are general charcteristics of personality factors as measured on the personality diagnostic test (PDT) and, are these factors related to individual's career matuity? The results of the study are as follows: College students have manifested in general, low degree of career maturity. Almost half the subjects have failed to describe their career goals in specific terms, while only one fifths of subjects have clearly described their futures on the basis of their occupations, and about one thirds of the subjects have had vague ideas on their career goals. It is found that career maturity is different, according to the colleges that students are attending. Subjects from the College of Agriculture have highest degree of career maturity, while subjects from the College of Economics and Business Administration have lowest degree of career maturity. There seems to be no relationship between career maturity and sexes of subjects, and career maturity and subjects majors. It is found that subjects participated in this study shows healthy personality traits as measured on the personality diagnostic test. Subjects showing average degree of career maturity are found to obtain high scores of reflectivenesess on the PDT. It is concluded that college students generally considered as having no problems in their career choices also have problems in their career choices and decision making. It is suggested that good counseling program should be developed and instituted if we are to help students achieve optimal career maturity and assist them to have proper choice of careers.

      • 국내 항공사의 서비스 접점에 대한 연구

        권숙희,곽보선 효성여자대학교 산업경영연구소 1998 경영경제 Vol.16 No.-

        Service industries continue to grow in importance to the economy while at the same time service quality is generally perceived to be declining. For the customer, the observable symptom is decreasing quality in what has been termed the "service encounter", or the moment of interaction between the customer and the firm. Many times that interaction is the service from the customer's point of view, yet front-line employees are not trained to understand customers and do not have the freedom and direction needed to relate to customers in ways that ensure effective service. Shostack(1985) defines the service encounter somewhat more broadly as "a period of time during which a customer directly interacts with a service." Her definition encompasses all aspecta of the service firm with which the customer may interact, including its personnel, its physical facilities, and other visible elements. For service firm managers seeking to improve customer satisfaction in service encounters, this study addressed unresolved issues in customer satisfaction at service encounter. This study has provided a variety of theoretical and practical suggestions. Especially, it was suggested that service firms should develope programs and strategies for including customers to be actively involved in service delivery process.

      • KCI등재후보

        학교급식에 일반 HACCP 모델 적용시 장애요인에 대한 인지도

        최숙희,김성희,곽동경 대한영양사협회 2003 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.9 No.3

        The purpose of this study was to identify obstacles by surveying dieticians' perception in implementing Generic HACCP Plan for school foodservice operations from 2001. The survey was conducted in five areas; Seoul, Kyoung-gi Province, In-cheon, Kwang-ju and Dae-jean. Five hundred and sixty questionnaire were sent by the e-mail address and the local school dietician's Community Board on the internet, 263 were returned. Two hundred and forty were returned by E-mail, return rate was 42.86%. Twenty three were received by the local school dietician's Community Board on the internet. The obstacles were grouped of six fields and indicated thirteen factors in implementation of the Generic HACCP Plan for school foodservice. The six fields were 'status of cooperation within HACCP team', 'cooperation with the external people' such as teachers, food suppliers, student's parents, 'understanding HACCP system of the dieticians', 'hygiene facilities', 'training & educating employees', and 'monitoring'. We used Likert's scale to assess the factor as a obstacle : 5-agree strongly, 4-agree, 3-medial, 2-don't agree, 1-dont't agree strongly. Results of this study are as follows; 1) The scores of thirteen factors indicated as obstacles were over 3(medial) except 'lack of dietician's understanding about HACCP System(2.86±0.97)'. Also only about 63% dieticians recognized that as an obstacle factor. 2) 'Deficiency of hygiene facilities(4.41±0.76)', 'lack of teachers' cooperation(4.23±0.77)', 'inadequacy of the kitchen lay-out(4.19±0.95)' and 'lack of training and educating program for employees(3.97±0.85)' scored most highly. Results from this study show that financial resources and educating system are very important to settle down HACCP system for School Foodservices successfully.

      • KCI등재

        한국형 노인우울검사(Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale : KGDS) 표준화에 대한 예비연구

        정인과,곽동일,조숙행,이현수 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.2

        본 연구는 한국형 노인우울검사(KGDS) 표준화에 대한 예비연구로 GDS를 포함한 기존의 성인용 우울검사(BDI, MMPI-D, SDS, CES-D)에서 일련의 통계적 과정을 거쳐 한국 노인의 우울양상을 잘 반영하는 것으로 판단되는 문항 40개를 추출한 뒤 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 연구대상은 60세 이상의 노인 175명으로. 이들 중 우울장애 진단을 받은 81명(남자 15명, 여자 66명)이 우울 환자군에. 우울장애진단이 배제된 94명(남자 33명. 여자 61명)이 대조군에 할당되었다. KGDS의 신뢰도를 검증한 결과, Cronbach의 α계수는 .88, 반분신뢰도는 .79로서 만족스러운 수준이었고 두 집단의 평균의 차이를 검증해본 결과 α=.001수준에서 유의하였다(환자군 평균 23.40±8.13,대조군 평균 12.50±8.82. t=9.76) KGDS의 구성타당도와 내적 구조를 파악하기 위해 실시한 요인분석에서는 비관적 사고 및 불행감(Negative thinking and Unhappiness feeling), 정서적 불편감(Emotional discomfort). 인지기능 저하(Cognitive dysfunction), 기력쇠퇴(Decreased vitality), 신체적 약화 및 건강염려증가(Physical weakening and inclosed somatic concern) 사회적 철수 및 흥미상실(Social withdrawal and loss of interest) 등 총 6개의 구성요인이 밝혀졌고 총 설명변량은 51.2%였다. 마지막으로 KGDS의 판별력과 최적 절단점수를 확인하기 위해 판별분석 및 민감도. 특이도의 지표를 구하여본 결과 전체판별률은 76.7%이었고 최적 절단점수는 16점이 제안되었으며 고전적인 백분위점수분포를 추가적으로 고려하여 16∼22점 사이는 경계선수준 및 정도의 우울증, 23∼25점 사이는 중도의 우울증, 26점 이상은 심도의 우울증으로 분류할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다. 결론적으로. 노인 우울증에 대한 기존 검사들의 낮은 진단변별력을 개선시키고자 새로이 만든 한국형 노인우울검사(KGDS)는 GDS를 포함한 기존 검사들에 비해 진단변별력이 10%이상 향상되었을 뿐 아니라 신뢰도, 타당도도 만족스러운 수준을 보여 노인우울 진단용 검사로 유용하게 쓰일 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다. 마지막으로 피험자 선정과 관련된 문제점을 짚어보았고 추후 연구에서 문항의 수와 내용을 좀더 압축할 필요성에 대해 논의해 보았다. The purpose of this study was to construct Korean Geriatric Depression Scale(KGDS) items and test the reliability and validity of KGDS. Total 151 items from GDS, BDI, SDS, MMPI-D, and K-CES-D were administered to 81 depressed elderly and 75 elderly control groups. Sixty-four preliminary items which have discrimination power between depression and control groups were selected. Then by correlational analysis considering adjusted item-total correlation, 40 items were finally chosen to construct KGDS. The values of Cronbach's αand split-half reliability were 0.88 and 0.79, respectively. The differences of means was signified at α= .001 level(patients group mean = 23.40±8.13, control group mean= 12.50 ± 8.82,t=9.76). The result of factor analysis showed that KGDS had six factors. They were labeled negative thinking and unhappiness feeling(factor 1), emotional discomfort(factor 2), cognitive dysfunction(factor 3), decreased vitality(factor 4), physical weakening and inclosed somatic concern(factor 5), social withdrawal and loss of interest(factor 6), which represent depressive features of the elderly in thought, emotional, cognitive, physical, and social aspects. The total percentage of variance of the 6 factors was 51.2%. The result of discrimination analysis showed that hit ratio of KGDS was 76.7%, and the score of 16 was suggested as the optimal cut-off score. Additionally, by using percentile score distribution of control(normal) group, it is suggested that the score of 16-22 represents borderline or mild depression, the score of 23-25 are moderate depression, and greater than the score of 26 severe depression. Conclusively, KGDS not only improves diagnostic discrimination power 10% more than other depression scales including GDS, but also show sufficient reliability and validity, thus can be used far evaluation of elderly depression. Finally, some issues relevant to sample selection and the necessity of concising content and items of KGDS are discussed.

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