Swallowing Status Comparison between Primary Dysphagia and Post-stroke Dysphagia in Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities

Ickpyo Hong,Kimberly P. Hreha 대한연하재활학회 2020 Swallowing Rehabilitation Vol.3 No.1

Objectives: To examine the improvement of discharge swallowing status between patients with a primary dysphagia diagnosis and those with post-stroke dysphagia discharged from inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs). Methods: A retrospective cohort design used data from the United States Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation (UDSMR) during 2016 and 2017. Ordinal logistic regression model compared the swallowing status at discharge between the two comparison groups, accounting for baseline patient and clinical characteristics. Multiple imputations with the fully conditional specification method was used to deal with the missing observations for the discharge swallowing status variable. Results: The mean age of the sample was 71.4 years (SD = 12.8). A total of 992 patients were retrieved from the study data, including 64 patients with a primary dysphagia diagnosis and 928 patients with post-stroke dysphagia. Adjusted ordinal logistic regression model revealed that patients with primary dysphagia had lower odds of improving their swallowing status (odds ratio [OR] 0.300; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.142, 0.636) than those with post-stroke dysphagia at discharge from IRFs. Similarly, the multiple imputations method revealed that patients with primary dysphagia had lower odds of swallowing status improvement at discharge from IRFs (OR 0.563; 95% CI 0.342, 0.925). Discussion: Patients with a primary dysphagia diagnosis receiving rehabilitation services in IRFs demonstrated substantially worse swallowing status compared to those with post-stroke dysphagia in a large national sample. This finding suggests that healthcare providers should be aware of the differences occurring in swallowing improvement across dysphagia diagnosis groups.

Challenges and Opportunities for Occupational Therapy in Big Data Research

Ickpyo Hong,Meredith F. Shields,Mi Jung Lee,Riqiea Kitchens,Karen Ratcliff,Timothy A. Reistetter 대한작업치료학회 2019 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.27 No.5

The advance of information technology with governmental support allows researchers to utilize big data to conduct rigorous rehabilitation-related studies in both the United States and Korea. While big data research has been actively conducted in the United States, few Korean rehabilitation scientists currently conduct big data research. In this paper, we discuss the existing rehabilitation-related big data in Korea and introduce the current big data research trends in the United States. In addition, we provide potential research areas by discussing the previous big data studies in the United States, including 1) functional outcomes, 2) geographical variation, 3) linkage of a population-based cohort to hospital data, 4) cross-national comparison, and 5) scale development. We also discuss various statistical methods required in big data research and compare how these methods differ compared to the traditional research methods in rehabilitation research. Lastly, we discuss the importance of workforce development in rehabilitation-related big data research. We hope this paper will provide occupational therapy scientists and clinicians with practical and useful information about big data research and accelerate big data rehabilitation research communities in Korea.

저시력 장애인을 위한 보조기기 개선 방안에 대한 연구

오익표(Ickpyo Oh),백아름(Ahreum Baek),권진아(Jina Kwon),박홍진(Hongjin Park),손상옥(Sangok Sohn),최혁진(Hyeokjin Choi) 한국HCI학회 2016 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

시각장애인 중 88%에 해당하는 저시력 장애인은 대부분 남아있는 잔존시력을 최대한 활용하기를 원하고 장애인인 것을 들키고 싶어 하지 않아 하는 특징을 가지고 있다. 하지만 시중의 많은 보조기기의 대부분은 실내에서 사용하기 적합한 형태이고 사용과정에서 장애인임이 드러나기 때문에 사용을 꺼리는 경우가 발생한다. 따라서 많은 저시력 장애인은 스마트폰을 활용하여 문제 상황을 해결하려 하지만 현재 스마트폰 기능만으론 그들이 어려움을 해결하는데 많은 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 저시력 장애인이 주위 시선을 의식하지 않고 잔존시력을 최대한 활용할 수 있는 보조기기와 소프트웨어를 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 정성적 연구방법을 활용하여 전문가 및 저시력 장애인을 만나 심층 인터뷰를 진행하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 솔루션을 도출하여 저시력 장애인 보조기기 및 애플리케이션 EYESEE 를 제안하였다. Low vision people who are more than 88% of visually impaired people want to use their residual vision and don’t want to look like disabled. However, many assistive devices for low vision are suitable for use indoors and people with disabled are exposed using assistive device so that they are reluctant to use that. So, many low vision people want to use smart phone to solve problem but now functions of smartphone are not enough. In this study, we want to suggest smart assistive software and device for low vision people to use with residual vision as much as possible without being self-conscious. For that, we interviewed expert of low vision and low vision people with qualitative research methods. Based on the results, we present solution and suggest EYESEE, assistive device and application for low vision people.

동북아 환경협력에 대한 비판적 고찰

홍익표(Ickpyo Hong) 한국국제정치학회 2012 國際政治論叢 Vol.52 No.3

유럽연합과 국민국가 관계의 변화 : '복합압력’과 '갈등ㆍ협력의 동학’을 중심으로

홍익표(Ickpyo Hong) 고려대학교 일민국제관계연구원 2004 국제관계연구 Vol.9 No.1

This paper has attempted to examine the relationship between the European Union (EU) and national states in the EU system. In the developments of the EU over the last two decades decision-making competencies are shared across multiple levels of polity-subnational, national and supranational. In this regard, it can be mentioned that the EU system becomes multi-level system which describes the dispersion of decision-making competencies across multiple layers. The changing role of national states is pivotal in interpreting the EU system. National states have lost some of their control in their territories and are being melded into a multi-level polity by numerous subnational and supranational actors. In examining the relationship between the EU and national states, this paper takes up the model of multi-level and points out two set of ideal types: conflict and cooperation, exclusion and inclusion. This types result from complex interactions among various actors in multiple levels, are fairly associated with character and structure of state, civil society and national politics.

북한인권문제를 둘러싼 동북아 국제갈등

홍익표(Ickpyo Hong) 고려대학교 일민국제관계연구원 2012 국제관계연구 Vol.17 No.2

탈북자 문제를 비롯한 북한인권문제로 인해 동북아 국가들 간에 갈등이 전개되고 있다. 이는 이들 간에 비대칭적 권력이 존재하고 서로 상이한 인권관을 내세우는 데서 연원하는 것이다. 문제는 북한인권을 둘러싼 논의가 인권개념이 지닌 불가분성과 통합성을 고려하지 않고 인권을 특정 범주로만 한정하거나 가치의 서열을 따지는 데에 있다. 이런 현실에서‘세 세대 인권’개념은 북한인권문제의 실태를 총체적으로 고찰하고 그 적실성 있는 대안을 마련하는데 있어 유용성이 크다고 판단된다. 그중에서도 집단적이고 연대적인 권리인 3세대 인권은 경제적·사회적·문화적 권리인 2세대 인권과, 시민적·정치적 권리인 1세대 인권을 중심으로 한 기존의 편향적인 인권 인식과 이로 인한 갈등을 완화하고 관련 논의를 보다 풍성하게 이끌 수 있다. This article explores the human rights problems in North Korea and international conflicts in Northeast Asia, focusing on the ‘three generations of human rights’ which were initially proposed by the French jurist Karel Vasak. Most recent research on North Korean human rights issues reflect the different perspectives that are characterized by unproductive argument and a failure to build consensus. Particularly helpful in this regard is the interconnected three generations of human rights. this is a valuable conceptual tool for critical thinking and solving the human rights problems in North Korea.

코소보전쟁에 대한 독일의 외교정책

홍익표(Ickpyo Hong) 한국국제정치학회 2000 國際政治論叢 Vol.40 No.2

저시력 장애인의 실외 보행 보조를 위한 시각 지원 방안

오익표(Ickpyo Oh),김헌(Huhn Kim) 한국HCI학회 2017 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.2

저시력 장애란 선천적 이상이나 후천적 안질환으로 인해 의학적 또는 광학적 방법으로 개선할 수 없는 시력 장애나 시기능 장애를 말한다. 저시력 장애인은 전체 시각장애인 중 약 88%의 비율에 해당하는 만큼 많은 비율을 차지하고 있는데, 이들은 전맹과 다르게 자신의 잔존시력을 활용하여 생활에서 접하는 문제를 해결하려 한다. 그러나 기존의 저시력 장애인을 위한 보조기기는 실내에서 글자를 읽거나, 화면을 보는데 적합한 제품이 대부분이며, 실외의 상황을 고려한 보조기기는 상대적으로 드물다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 15 년도에 진행하였던 연구를 기반으로 저시력 장애인의 실외 보행 중 취약한 상황이나 장애물들에 대해 조사하고, 이를 보다 또렷하게 인지하여 보행에 도움을 줄 수 있는 시각 필터 및 증강현실 시각지원 방안을 제안하고 구현하였다. 그리고 이를 저시력 장애인 15 명을 대상으로 테스트하여 4 개의 시각지원 평가척도를 통한 정량적 데이터와 정성적 데이터를 수집하였고, 이를 바탕으로 보행 상황에 가장 적합한 시각 지원 방안을 도출하였다.

Age-specific findings on lifestyle and trajectories of cognitive function from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

Seungju Lim(Seungju Lim),Eunyoung Yoo(Eunyoung Yoo),Ickpyo Hong(Ickpyo Hong),Ji-Hyuk Park(Ji-Hyuk Park) 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-

OBJECTIVES: Few longitudinal studies have explored age-related differences in the relationship between lifestyle factors and cognitive decline. This study investigated lifestyle factors at baseline that slow the longitudinal rate of cognitive decline in young-old (55-64 years), middle-old (65-74 years), and old-old (75+ years) individuals. METHODS: We conducted an 11-year follow-up that included 6,189 older adults from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which is a cohort study of community-dwelling older Koreans. Lifestyle factors, including physical activity, social activity (SA), smoking, and alcohol consumption were assessed at baseline. Cognitive function was measured at 2-year intervals over 11 years. Latent growth modeling and multi-group analysis were performed. RESULTS: The influence of lifestyle factors on the rate of cognitive decline differed by age. Smoking at baseline (-0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.11 to -0.00, per study wave) accelerated cognitive decline in young-old individuals, whereas frequent participation in SA at baseline (0.02; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.03, per study wave) decelerated cognitive decline in middle-old individuals. None of the lifestyle factors in this study decelerated cognitive decline in old-old individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive strategies based on modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking cessation in young-old individuals and frequent SA participation in middle-old age individuals may have great potential for preventing cognitive decline. Because the influence of lifestyle factors varied by age group, age-specific approaches are recommended to promote cognitive health.

Identifying Risk of Depressive Symptoms in Adults With Physical Disabilities Receiving Rehabilitation Services: Propensity Score Approaches

Yejin Lee,Ickpyo Hong,Mi Jung Lee,Hae Yean Park 대한재활의학회 2019 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.43 No.3

Objective To compare the risk of depressive symptoms in adults with physical disabilities between rehabilitation-receivers and non-receivers. Methods A total of 3,568 adults with physical disabilities were retrieved from the 2014 Korean National Survey on People with Disabilities database. Four covariate adjustment methods (a multivariable regression model, inverse probability of treatment weighting [IPTW] adjusted for normalized weight, IPTW with stabilized weight, and greedy algorithm with 1:1 propensity score matching) were used to estimate the odds of having depressive symptoms. The dependent variable was depressive symptoms and the independent variable was the use of rehabilitation services. Baseline covariates were 19 demographic variables and 10 chronic condition variables. Results The four covariate adjustment methods revealed that adults with physical disabilities receiving rehabilitation services had a higher risk of depressive symptoms than those who did not receive these services (adjusted odds ratio, 1.191–1.294). Conclusion Our findings suggest that adults with physical disabilities receiving rehabilitation services have higher risk of developing depressive symptoms. Therefore, rehabilitation professionals need to pay attention to depressive symptoms and establish therapeutic strategies that can reduce such risk in rehabilitation settings.