Manganese-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a role player in seahorse (<i>Hippocampus abdominalis</i>) antioxidant defense system and adaptive immune system

Perera, N.C.N.,Godahewa, G.I.,Lee, Seongdo,Kim, Myoung-Jin,Hwang, Jee Youn,Kwon, Mun Gyeong,Hwang, Seong Don,Lee, Jehee Elsevier 2017 Fish & shellfish immunology Vol.68 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a metaloenzyme that catalyzes dismutation of the hazardous superoxide radicals into less hazardous H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>O. Here, we identified a homolog of MnSOD from big belly seahorse (<I>Hippocampus abdominalis</I>; <I>HaMnSOD</I>) and characterized its structural and functional features. HaMnSOD transcript possessed an open reading frame (ORF) of 672 bp which codes for a peptide of 223 amino acids. Pairwise alignment showed that HaMnSOD shared highest identity with rock bream MnSOD. Results of the phylogenetic analysis of HaMnSOD revealed a close proximity with rock bream MnSOD which was consistent with the result of homology alignment. The intense expression of <I>HaMnSOD</I> was observed in the ovary, followed by the heart and the brain. Further, immune related responses of <I>HaMnSOD</I> towards pathogenic stimulation were observed through bacterial and viral challenges. Highest <I>HaMnSOD</I> expression in response to stimulants <I>Edwardsiella tarda</I>, <I>Streptococcus iniae</I>, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) was observed in the late stage in the blood tissue. Xanthine/xanthine oxidase assay (XOD assay) indicated the ROS-scavenging ability of purified recombinant HaMnSOD (rHaMnSOD). The optimum conditions for the SOD activity of rHaMnSOD were pH 9 and the 25 °C. Collectively, the results obtained through the expressional analysis profiles and the functional assays provide insights into potential immune related and antioxidant roles of <I>HaMnSOD</I> in the big belly seahorse.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> MnSOD was identified from big belly seahorse (HaMnSOD). </LI> <LI> HaMnSOD was cloned and expressed to evaluate its distinct functional features. </LI> <LI> XOD (Xanthine oxidase) assay confirmed the superoxide scavenging ability of HaMnSOD. </LI> <LI> Transcriptional level of <I>HaMnSOD</I> was modulated by pathological stress. </LI> </UL> </P>

¹³¹I-labeled chitosan hydrogels for radioembolization: A preclinical study in small animals

Hwang, H.,Kim, K.I.,Kwon, J.,Kim, B.S.,Jeong, H.S.,Jang, S.J.,Oh, P.S.,Park, H.S.,Lim, S.T.,Sohn, M.H.,Jeong, H.J. Pergamon Press 2017 Nuclear medicine and biology Vol.52 No.-

<P>Advances in knowledge: Transarterial embolization is a conceivable treatment option for patients with inoperable liver cancer to mitigate the disease progression. Recently, we have developed chitosan-based hydrogel microparticles. In the present study, the hydrogel microparticles were radiolabeled with I-131 for treatment of liver cancer. Our results demonstrated that a hepatic arterial injection of I-125 -labeled Chi resulted in substantial liver accumulation, which was accompanied by virtually no extrahepatic deposition. The results of the present study also showed that administration of I-131 Chi markedly suppressed tumor growth, compared to controls and to animals receiving unlabeled Chi. I-131 -labeled chitosan hydrogel microparticles represent a new therapeutic approach for treatment of liver cancer. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>

Constant Output Control of Solar Power Generation System by the Digital I-PD Controller

Sin, D.R.,Hwang, Y.M.,Noh, I.B.,Woo, J.I. 동아대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.1

본 논문에서는 독립형 태양광 발전 시스템에서 PWM기법에 의한 DC_-DC 컨버터의 듀티비를 조절하고 순시가변입력으로부터 일정 DC 출력을 얻기 위하여 디지털 I_-PD제어기를 제안한다. 이 제안된 제어기는 입력 전압의 변화에 부합하는 순시정정루프에 의한 샘플링 주기마다 안정한 일정 출력을 얻을 수 있다. 이 시스템은 오차의 급변치를 검출하기 위하여 디지털 비례선형 I_-PD 계어기로 구성되어 있다.

아산시 지역에서 과민성 장 증후군의 유병률: 표본인구 설문조사

조영석 ( Young Seok Cho ),최명규 ( Myung Gyu Choi ),신석준 ( Seok Jun Shin ),추교영 ( Kyo Young Choo ),정우철 ( Woo Chul Chung ),이인석 ( In Seok Lee ),김상우 ( Sang Woo Kim ),최황 ( Hwang Choi ),한석원 ( Sok Won Han ),정인식 ( I 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2004 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.10 No.1

목적: 우리나라의 과민성 장 증후군과 배변증상의 유병률을 조사하고, 다른 진단 기준을 적용하였을 때 유병률에 차이가 있는 지를 알아보기 위하여 지역사회 주민을 대상으로 무작위 표본추출조사를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 충청남도 아산시 보건소와 협조하여 11개 면과 2개동을 무작위로 선정한 후, 인구에 비례하여 18세 이상 70세 미만의 남녀 2,024명을 무작위로 표본추출하였다. 조사원이 대상가구를 직접 방문하여 배변증상을 설문지로 조사하였다. 결과: 3회 방문에 부재 중이거나 제외기준에 속한 주민을 제외하고, 1,417명(남 762명, 평균 44±14세, 여 655명, 평균 43±15세) 이 설문지를 완료하였다. 로마기준 II에 의한 과민성 장 증후군의 유병률은 2.2% (95% 신뢰구간 [95% CI], 1.4~3.0)이었고, 로마기준 I으로는 2.8% ([95% CI], 1.9~3.7)였다. 복통과 Manning 기준 중 2가지 이상을 만족하는 과민성 장 증후군의 유병률은 3.6% ([95% CI], 2.6~4.6)였다. Manning 기준과 로마기준 I, 그리고 Manning 기준과 로마기준 II간에는 각각 moderate agreement를 나타내었다(κ=0.48; p<0.001), (κ=0.50; p<0.001). 로마기준 I과 로마기준 II간에는 substantial agreement를 나타내어(κ=0.66; p<0.001) 세 가지 진단기준 중 로마기준 I과 로마기준 II의 경우에 일치의 정도가 가장 높았다. 결론: 로마기준 II를 적용하여 표본추출 설문조사에 의한 우리나라의 과민성 장 증후군의 유병률은 2.2%이며, 적용된 진단기준에 따라 차이가 있었다. Backgr ound/Aims: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common in Caucasians and Japanese, but its epidemiology has not been studied in random Korean populations. It has been suggested that the variation in the prevalence of IBS may be due to the application of different diagnostic criteria. New criteria for IBS have been proposed (Rome II). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of IBS in a random population in Asan city, Korea by using the Bowel Symptom Questionnaire (BSQ), which was based on the multinational, diagnostic, Rome II criteria for functional bowel disorders, as a measure of GI symptoms and to compare diagnostic criteria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey, using a reliable and valid questionnaire based on the fulfillment of the Rome II criteria was performed in a random population in Asan city, Korea, on residents aged 18~69 yr. The response rate was 78.4% (n=1417). All respondents were interviewed at either their homes or offices by a team of interviewers. Results: The prevalence for BS according to the Rome II, Rome I, and Manning criteria was 2.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4~3.0), 2.8% (95% CI, 1.9~3.7), and 3.6% (95% CI, 2.6~4.6), respectively. There was moderate agreement between the Manning and Rome II criteria (κ=0.48; p<0.001), and between the Manning and Rome II criteria (κ=0.50; p<0.001), but substantial agreement between the Rome I and Rome II criteria (κ=0.66; p<0.001). The prevalence for abdominal bloating was 4.0% (95% CI, 3.0~5.1), for diarrhea was 0.8% (95% CI, 0.3~1.2), and for constipation was 2.6% (95% CI, 1.8~3.5). Conclusions: The prevalence of IBS based on the Rome II criteria was 2.2%. The prevalence of IBS varied substantially depending on the specific definition of IBS used. (Kor J Neur ogastr oenterol Motil 2004;1:49-56)

Effects of line width and dose on electron beam nano-patterning of ma-N 2403

Hwang, I.-H.,Lee, J.-H. Inst. of Eng. and Technol 2006 Electronics letters Vol.42 No.4

The effects of dose on pattern shape were evaluated for electron beam nano-lithography of a negative photoresist, ma-N 2403, under an electron beam condition of 20 keV with a probe current of 9 pA. With sufficient design width, i.e. 250 nm, there was negligible loss of pattern height, which was attributed to the combined dose of the incident electron beam and the back scattered electrons. The dose for narrow design width should be adjusted to obtain patterns of high aspect ratio with no loss of height and reduced pattern width difference from the design width.

Effects of β-Glucan from Paenibacillus polymyxa and L-theanine on Growth Performance and Immunomodulation in Weanling Piglets

Hwang, Y.H.,Park, B.K.,Lim, J.H.,Kim, M.S.,Song, I.B.,Park, S.C.,Jung, H.K.,Hong, J.H.,Yun, H.I. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.12

Forty weanling piglets ($5.6{\pm}0.5kg$ and 26 to 30 d of age) were used in a 28-d experiment to determine the effects of ${\beta}$-glucan from Paenibacillus polymyxa and L-theanine on growth performance. Piglets were randomly allotted to four groups (n = 10, 2 animals per pen) provided with the basal feed (control), ${\beta}$-glucan 400 mg/kg feed, L-theanine 80 mg/kg feed or ${\beta}$-glucan plus l-theanine (combination of the above-mentioned concentrations). Body weight and feed consumption were recorded during four weeks. Subsequently, the immunomodulatory effects of ${\beta}$-glucan and L-theanine were investigated for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production in vitro and in vivo on day 28. Although there were no significant differences in the growth performances among the treatment groups, ${\beta}$-glucan plus L-theanine had 5.6% greater ADG (p = 0.074) on day 21 to 28. ${\beta}$-Glucan alone or plus L-theanine increased interleukin (IL)-10 levels and decreased interferon (IFN)-$\gamma$ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ levels in cultured medium by LPS treatment (p<0.05). Plasma IL-10 levels were also increased in the piglets fed with ${\beta}$-glucan alone or plus L-theanine after LPS challenge ($25{\mu}g/kg$, i.p.), whereas plasma IFN-$\gamma$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ levels were decreased (p<0.05). The levels of IFN$\gamma$ in piglets fed with ${\beta}$-glucan plus L-theanine showed the greatest inhibition after LPS challenges. In conclusion, treatment of ${\beta}$-glucan alone or plus L-theanine might lessen inflammatory responses against Gram-negative bacterial infection via the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and enhancement of anti-inflammatory cytokine production. Further studies are needed to determine an optimal concentration of ${\beta}$-glucan and L-theanine for improved growth performance.

A dopamine-alpha-lipoic acid hybridization compound and its acetylated form inhibit LPS-mediated inflammation

Hwang, J.S.,An, J.M.,Cho, H.,Lee, S.H.,Park, J.H.,Han, I.O. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 european journal of pharmacology Vol.746 No.-

In the present study, we synthesized and evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of dopamine and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) hybrid compounds, ALA-dopamine (HBU-199) and its acetylated derivative, ALA-acetyl dopamine (HBU-200), in BV2 microglia and RAW264.7 macrophage cells. HBU-199 and HBU-200 both significantly and dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) productions, NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β mRNA expressions and iNOS and COX-2 protein expressions. Furthermore, HBU-199 and HBU-200 protected RAW264.7 cells from activation-induced cell death. However, at same concentrations, dopamine or ALA did not inhibit LPS-mediated production of inflammatory molecules and activation-induced cell death. HBU-199 and HBU-200 inhibited LPS-induced inhibition of inhibitory kappa-B-alpha (IκB-α) phosphorylation and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. Furthermore, LPS-mediated DNA binding of p65 and p50 to the NF-κB binding site of the iNOS promoter was inhibited by HBU-199 and HBU-200, whereas dopamine and ALA did not inhibit LPS-induced NF-κB activation and IκB-α phosphorylation. Moreover, HBU-199 and HBU-200 suppressed LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt, but not glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta. Overall, our data suggest that the ALA-dopamine hybrid compounds down-regulate inflammatory responses via inhibition of NF-κB and NF-κB-dependent gene expression, suggesting that it is a promising therapeutic agent for both systemic inflammatory diseases and inflammatory diseases of central nervous system.

Harvesting of Chlorella sp. KR-1 using a cross-flow membrane filtration system equipped with an anti-fouling membrane

Hwang, T.,Park, S.J.,Oh, Y.K.,Rashid, N.,Han, J.I. Elsevier Applied Science 2013 Bioresource technology Vol.139 No.-

The purpose of the present study is to reduce fouling formation, a fatal problem of membrane technology by means of surface-coating with a functional coating material, i.e., hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer. The PVA coating caused the membrane surface to become more hydrophilic and it was confirmed by decreased contact angles up to 64% compared to the un-modified membranes. The surface-coated membrane found to exhibit substantially enhanced performance: a maximum flux increase of 36% and almost 100% recovery rate. Maximum concentration factor of 77 also was modeled in the present study. These results show that the membrane performance can be improved simply by applying a surface-active coating, even to the level of economic feasibility.

Approximating bone ECM: Crosslinking directs individual and coupled osteoblast/osteoclast behavior

Hwang, M.P.,Subbiah, R.,Kim, I.G.,Lee, K.E.,Park, J.,Kim, S.H.,Park, K. IPC Science and Technology Press 2016 Biomaterials Vol.103 No.-

<P>Osteoblast and osteoclast communication (i.e. osteocoupling) is an intricate process, in which the biophysical profile of bone ECM is an aggregate product of their activities. While the effect of microenvironmental cues on osteoblast and osteoclast maturation has been resolved into individual variables (e.g. stiffness or topography), a single cue can be limited with regards to reflecting the full biophysical scope of natural bone ECM. Additionally, the natural modulation of bone ECM, which involves collagenous fibril and elastin crosslinking via lysyl oxidase, has yet to be reflected in current synthetic platforms. Here, we move beyond traditional substrates and use cell-derived ECM to examine individual and coupled osteoblast and osteoclast behavior on a physiological platform. Specifically, preosteoblast-derived ECM is crosslinked with genipin, a biocompatible crosslinker, to emulate physiological lysyl oxidase-mediated ECM crosslinking. We demonstrate that different concentrations of genipin yield changes to ECM density, stiffness, and roughness while retaining biocompatibility. By approximating various bone ECM profiles, we examine how individual and coupled osteoblast and osteoclast behavior are affected. Ultimately, we demonstrate an increase in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation on compact and loose ECM, respectively, and identify ECM crosslinking density as an underlying force in osteocoupling behavior. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Formation of Black Ceramic Layer on Aluminum Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation in Electrolyte Containing Na₂WO₄

Hwang, I. J.,Shin, K. R.,Lee, J. S.,Ko, Y. G.,Shin, D. H. The Japan Institute of Metals 2012 MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS Vol.53 No.3

<P>The formation of black ceramic layer produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating has been investigated as a function of coating time. A series of PEO coatings was carried out on aluminum alloy sample in a phosphate electrolyte containing sodium tungstate (Na<SUB>2</SUB>WO<SUB>4</SUB>) with four different coating times, i.e., 20, 100, 200 and 300 s. As the coating time increased, the amount of tungsten element in the ceramic layer increased, resulting in the black ceramic layer. This phenomenon was discussed based on the electrochemical reaction assisted by micro sparks to form WO<SUB>3</SUB> compounds in the ceramic oxide layer.</P>