IRE-1 and HSP-4 Contribute to Energy Homeostasis via Fasting-Induced Lipases in <i>C. elegans</i>

Jo, Hyunsun,Shim, Jiwon,Lee, Jung Hyun,Lee, Junho,Kim, Jae Bum Elsevier 2009 Cell metabolism Vol.9 No.5

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle associated with lipid metabolism. However, the involvement of the ER in nutritional status-dependent energy homeostasis is largely unknown. We demonstrate that IRE-1, an ER protein known to be involved in the unfolded protein response, and HSP-4, an ER chaperone, regulate expression of the novel fasting-induced lipases FIL-1 and FIL-2, which induce fat granule hydrolysis upon fasting in <I>C. elegans</I>. RNAi and ectopic expression experiments demonstrated that FIL-1 and FIL-2 are both necessary and sufficient for fasting-induced fat granule breakdown. Failure of <I>ire-1</I> and <I>hsp-4</I> mutant animals to hydrolyze fat granules during starvation impaired their motility, which was rescued by glucose supplementation, implicating the importance of <I>ire-1/hsp-4</I>-dependent lipolysis for energy supply from stored fat during fasting. These data suggest that the ER-resident proteins IRE-1 and HSP-4 are key nutritional sensors that modulate expression of inducible lipases to maintain whole-body energy homeostasis in <I>C. elegans.</I></P>

Endoplasmic reticulum stress induces hepatic steatosis via increased expression of the hepatic very low‐density lipoprotein receptor

Jo, Hyunsun,Choe, Sung Sik,Shin, Kyung Cheul,Jang, Hagoon,Lee, Jae Ho,Seong, Je Kyung,Back, Sung Hoon,Kim, Jae Bum Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2013 Hepatology Vol.57 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Recent evidence suggests that obese animals exhibit increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the liver and adipose tissue. Although ER stress is closely associated with lipid homeostasis, it is largely unknown how ER stress contributes to hepatic steatosis. In this study, we demonstrate that the induction of ER stress stimulates hepatic steatosis through increased expression of the hepatic very low‐density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). Among the unfolded protein response sensors, the protein kinase RNA‐like ER kinase–activating transcription factor 4 signaling pathway was required for hepatic VLDLR up‐regulation. In primary hepatocytes, ER stress–dependent VLDLR expression induced intracellular triglyceride accumulation in the presence of very low‐density lipoprotein. Moreover, ER stress–dependent hepatic steatosis was diminished in the livers of VLDLR‐deficient and apolipoprotein E–deficient mice compared with wild‐type mice. In addition, the VLDLR‐deficient mice exhibited decreased hepatic steatosis upon high‐fat diet feeding. <I>Conclusion</I>: These data suggest that ER stress–dependent expression of hepatic VLDLR leads to hepatic steatosis by increasing lipoprotein delivery to the liver, which might be a novel mechanism explaining ER stress–induced hepatic steatosis. (H<SMALL>EPATOLOGY</SMALL> 2013;57:1366–1377)</P>

Two cases of subungual myiasis in predisposed patients

( Ui Hyeon Jo ),( Jong Hwan Shin ),( Seong Jin Jo ),( Hyunsun Park ) 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.2

Magnetically Guided Cell Carrier based on Mussel Protein for Site-specific Stem Cell Delivery

HyunSun CHOI,YunKee JO,HyungJoon CHA 한국생물공학회 2018 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.10

[P287] Altered mentality in a patient with herpes zoster

( Gwanghyun Jo ),( Hyun-sun Yoon ),( Soyun Cho ),( Hyunsun Park ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.1

A 70-year-old woman who was treated for herpes zoster presented with confusion. Physical examination, laboratory tests, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and computed tomography of the brain were performed. She was diagnosed as zoster encephalitis (ZE) with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). After the correction of electrolyte imbalance and antiviral treatment for 2 weeks, she almost recovered to normal. When mental alteration occurs in herpes zoster patients, ZE or SIADH should be suspected. Immunocompromised states such as old age, diabetes mellitus, transplantation, malignancy and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are risk factors for both ZE and SIADH. ZE manifest diverse conditions such as ischemic and hemorrhagic infarctions, demyelinating disease, seizures, and mental status changes. Such conditions in herpes zoster patients with the absence of other causes could be diagnosed with ZE. Detection of varicella-zoster virus by polymerase chain reaction of CSF is diagnostic. SIADH accompanied by herpes zoster is well documented. The mechanism is not clear. Hypo-osmolar euvolemic hyponatremia with elevated urine osmolality and Na+ concentration without cardiac, renal, hepatic, and endocrine dysfunction are consistent with the diagnosis of SIADH. Here we report this case for dermatologists to know the causes of mental alteration in immunocompromised herpes zoster patients and to cope well with them.

VANET 환경에서 교차로간 연결성을고려한 RSU 배치 알고리즘

박현선(Hyunsun Park),황태현(Taehyeon Hwang),조영원(Yeongwon Jo),지정희(Jeonghee Chi),박소영(Soyoung Park) 한국정보과학회 2014 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.20 No.1

본 논문에서는 자동차 애드 혹 네트워크 환경(VANET)에서 교통 정보 전송, 수집 및 분석을 위한 필수기반 요소인 RSU(Roadside Unit)의 효율적인 배치 알고리즘을 제안한다. 모든 교차로를 커버할 수 있으면서, 네트워크 연결성이 최대가 되도록 RSU를 배치하는 것이 목적으로, 교차로의 우선 순위와 RSU 균등 배치를 고려하여 모든 교차로를 커버할 수 있는 최소한의 초기 RSU 후보지를 선정한 다음, 교차로간 정보 전송율을 나타내는 교차로간 연결성을 고려하여 제거 가능한 후보지를 제거함으로써, RSU의 개수를 최소화한다. 서울시 서초구 및 중구/종로구 지역의 도로 정보 및 실제 교통 정보를 활용하여 제안한 알고리즘의 효율성 및 성능을 평가한다. In this paper we propose an efficient RSU (Roadside Unit) allocation strategy in VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Network), which can cover entire intersections on the road by maximizing the VANET connectivity. We firstly find initial RSU candidates distributed evenly based on the concept of intersection priority. Then, we minimize the number of RSUs by removing some of the initial RSU candidates according to the intersection connectivity showing the communicational connectivity between any two intersections. Finally, we analyze the simulated performances of our algorithms using with real roadmaps and traffic data of SeochoGu and JungGu/JongroGu areas in Seoul.

Combination therapy of CO₂ fractional laser and topical agent on pincer nails

( Ui Hyeon Jo ),( Ye Eun Kim ),( Hyunsun Park ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: Pincer nail is the transverse overcurvature of the nail plate. Both conservative and surgical treatments can be used to treat pincer nail. However, there are no reports regarding the non-surgical, laser treatment of pincer nail. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of combination of CO₂ fractional laser and topical agent on pincer nail. Methods: Eleven pincer nails (All great toenails) were treated with CO₂ fractional laser. An antifungal agent (in case of co-existing onychomycosis) or 20% urea cream were applied to the toenails. We evaluated the difference of the width index, height index, nail angle, and the level of pain before and after treatment. All adverse events and recurrence were observed until the last follow-up visit. Results: The mean number of laser treatments was 2.27. The mean follow-up period after the last treatment was 18.36 weeks. The width index, height index, and nail angle was significantly changed after the treatment. The width index increased by 0.16 (p-value 0.0016), the height index decreased by 1.89 (p-value 0.008), and the nail angle increased by 29.60° (p-value 0.005). The level of pain was reduced in all cases. There were no serious adverse events. Conclusion: CO₂ fractional laser and topical agent combination therapy can be an effective and tolerable treatment for pincer nail. To confirm this result, larger studies with long-term observation are needed.

Various skin manifestations related to inflammatory bowel disease: A nationwide cross-sectional study on the Korean population

( Ui Hyeon Jo ),( Jin Yong Lee ),( Hanjae Lee ),( Do-yeop Kim ),( Sungchan Kang ),( Seong-joon Koh ),( Hyunsun Park ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents with various extraintestinal manifestations, especially skin diseases. Objectives: We aimed to identify the epidemiology and risk of developing skin manifestations in patients with IBD. Methods: We used Korean National Health Insurance Claims database and selected patients with IBD and age/sex-matched non-IBD subjects using the diagnosis code and prescription records of IBD-specific medications from 2013 to 2017. The prevalence and risk of concurrent skin diseases were estimated. Results: A total of 64,837 patients with IBD was identified. Among 3 categories of reactive, inflammatory, and autoimmune skin diseases, reactive skin eruptions including pyoderma gangrenosum and erythema nodosum were associated with IBD with highest odds ratios. Inflammatory skin diseases including rosacea, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and acne conglobata were significantly associated with IBD. The patients with IBD also had a higher risk of autoimmune skin diseases including vitiligo and alopecia areata than non-IBD subjects. Conclusion: This population-based study suggests that IBD was related to various skin diseases including reactive, inflammatory, and autoimmune skin diseases. Considering these relationships can allow better management of patients with IBD and comorbid skin diseases.

Human papillomavirus infection signs in genital epidermal cysts: a preliminary study

( Ui Hyeon Jo ),( Ye Eun Kim ),( Hyunsun Park ),( Soyun Cho ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: Human papillomavirus(HPV) is associated with some cases of palmoplantar epidermal cysts and suggested to the cyst formation. Recently, a case of HPV-associated epidermal cyst in the genitalia was also reported. Objectives: To evaluate and compare HPV infection sign of the plantar and genital epidermal cysts. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed plantar and genital epidermal cyst cases. We evaluated their histopathologic characteristics and HPV positivity using immunohistochemistry. Results: Sixty cases (20 plantar, 40 genital) were included in this study. Parakeratotic nuclei within keratinous substances were present in 17 of 20 plantar cysts versus 9 of 40 genital cysts (P<0.001). Vacuolar structures in keratinous mass were seen in 7 of 20 plantar versus 6 of 40 genital cysts (P=0.076). Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic bodies in cells of cyst wall were present in 8 of 20 plantar versus 2 of 40 genital cysts (P=0.001). Six of 20 (30%) plantar epidermal cysts had all of the aforementioned histopathologic findings and demonstrated HPV positivity, whereas no genital epidermal cyst did. Conclusion: Histopathologic signs indicative of HPV infection were rarely seen in genital epidermal cysts, compared to plantar epidermal cysts. HPV is unlikely to have a general pathogenic role in the genital epidermal cyst.

Incidence of psoriasis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A nationwide population-based study

( Ui Hyeon Jo ),( Jung Min Moon ),( Jin Yong Lee ),( Seong-joon Koh ),( Sungchan Kang ),( Hosim Soh ),( Hyun Jung Lee ),( Jong Pil Im ),( Joo Sung Kim ),( Hyunsun Park ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1

Background: Emerging data suggest that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and psoriasis are associated, sharing common genetic predispositions and immunologic mechanisms. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the risk of developing psoriasis in IBD patients compared to controls without IBD. Methods: Using the Korean insurance data, patients diagnosed with Crohn’s disease(CD) or ulcerative colitis(UC) between 2005 and 2008 were age- and sex-matched 1:4 to non-IBD subjects from 2003 to 2018. We investigated newly diagnosed psoriasis from 2009 to 2018. Incidence rates were calculated and risk of psoriasis was assessed with multivariate cox regression models. Results: During nearly a decade of follow-up, 20,152 IBD patients were identified [14,619 UC and 5,533 CD]. Among them, 439 patients were newly diagnosed with psoriasis (incidence rate of 217.68 and 228.62 per 100,000 person-years for UC and CD, respectively). The psoriasis risk was higher in IBD patients than in the matched controls (aHR 2.95, 95% CI 2.60-3.33). Moreover, IBD patients aged <30 years were at a higher risk (aHR 3.35; 95% CI, 2.58-4.35). Sensitivity analysis of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor-naïve patients revealed consistent results. Conclusion: IBD patients were more likely to develop psoriasis compared to non-IBD subjects, with younger patients at a particular risk. Inspection of cutaneous manifestation and dermatological consultation may be helpful in IBD patients at risk.