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Impact of exposure factor selection on deterministic consumer exposure assessment
Ban, Hyunkyung,Park, Ji Young,Lee, Daeyeop,Lee, Kiyoung Elsevier 2018 Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology Vol.94 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Deterministic exposure assessment has uncertainty about the selection of input parameters on the resulting estimates. The purpose of this study was to compare inhalation exposures estimated by a specific percentile of each of the three exposure factors in deterministic assessment with population exposure. Exposure to nine household care products, namely a deodorizer, six cleaning products, and two disinfectants were investigated. The population exposures were individually calculated for three exposure factors (frequency of use, amount of use, and duration of use) from an existing database of 3333 participants representing the national population. Deterministic exposure assessment was conducted according to various percentiles of exposure factors. 99th percentiles of population exposure in all nine consumer products were 1.3–2.4 times greater than the 95th percentiles. Inhalation exposures based on the 75th percentiles of each of the three exposure factors in deterministic assessment were much lower than the 95th percentiles of the population exposure. Deterministic exposure estimates using 85th to 99th percentiles of each of the three exposure factors were closer to the 95th percentiles of the population exposure. We concluded that exposure factors in deterministic assessment should be greater than the 75th percentile to more precisely estimate exposure of at-risk groups.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Consumer exposures to deodorizer, cleaning products, and disinfectants were estimated by deterministic assessment. </LI> <LI> Exposures using the 75th percentiles of each of the three exposure factors underestimated at risk exposure. </LI> <LI> At least 85th percentile of each of the three exposure factors should be used to determine at-risk exposure. </LI> </UL> </P>
Evaluation of Haemagglutinin Content by RP-HPLC to Generate Pandemic Influenza Vaccine
Hyunkyung Kang,Hang Sik Roh,Hyemin Song,Kwangmoon Lee,Seung-Tae Chung,Sang-ja Ban,In Pil Mo,Beum-Soo An,Chi-Young Ahn 한국독성학회 2016 Toxicological Research Vol.32 No.4
The potency of influenza vaccine is determined based on its hemagglutinin (HA) content. In general, single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) assay has been utilized as the standard method to measure HA content. However, preparation of reagents for SRID such as antigen and antibody takes approximately 2~3 months, which causes delays in the development of influenza vaccine. Therefore, quantification of HA content by other alternative methods is required. In this study, we measured HA contents of H1N1 antigen and H1N1 influenza vaccine by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) methods. The presence of HA1 and HA2 was investigated by silver staining and Western blot assay. In addition, accuracy and repeatability of HA measurement by RP-HPLC were evaluated. Comparison of HA concentration by SRID and RP-HPLC revealed a precise correlation between the two methods. Our results suggest that RP-HPLC assay can replace SRID in the event of a pandemic flu outbreak for rapid vaccine development.
Evaluation of Haemagglutinin Content by RP-HPLC to Generate Pandemic Influenza Vaccine
Kang, Hyunkyung,Roh, Hang Sik,Song, Hyemin,Lee, Kwangmoon,Chung, Seung-Tae,Ban, Sang-ja,Mo, In Pil,An, Beum-Soo,Ahn, Chi-Young Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2016 Toxicological Research Vol.32 No.4
The potency of influenza vaccine is determined based on its hemagglutinin (HA) content. In general, single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) assay has been utilized as the standard method to measure HA content. However, preparation of reagents for SRID such as antigen and antibody takes approximately 2~3 months, which causes delays in the development of influenza vaccine. Therefore, quantification of HA content by other alternative methods is required. In this study, we measured HA contents of H1N1 antigen and H1N1 influenza vaccine by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) methods. The presence of HA1 and HA2 was investigated by silver staining and Western blot assay. In addition, accuracy and repeatability of HA measurement by RP-HPLC were evaluated. Comparison of HA concentration by SRID and RP-HPLC revealed a precise correlation between the two methods. Our results suggest that RP-HPLC assay can replace SRID in the event of a pandemic flu outbreak for rapid vaccine development.
보건의료시설의 실내 예상 평균 온열감(PMV), 이산화탄소 농도, 소음도, 조도의 통합실내쾌적도(IEQh)를 통한 연간 실내 쾌적도 평가
이보람(Boram Lee),이대엽(Daeyeop Lee),반현경(Hyunkyung Ban),이세원(Sewon Lee),김규상(KyooSang Kim),이기영(Kiyoung Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.3
Objectives: A hospital is a complex building that serves many different purposes. The indoor environment in a hospital plays a major role in patient well-being and the work efficiency of the hospital staff. This study was conducted to evaluate overall comfort in two major hospitals over the course of one year. Methods: Various indoor environmental conditions were measured in two general hospitals for one year (April 2014 to April 2015). Monitoring alternated between the hospitals at one month per respective monitoring session. The indoor air temperature, relative humidity (RH), mean radiant temperature and air velocity were measured in order to calculate the predicted mean vote (PMV). Carbon dioxide concentration, noise level and illumination level were concurrently measured and applied to the overall IEQ acceptance model for the hospitals (IEQh). Results: The IEQh at the two general hospitals was different at five spaces within a building. The IEQh for summer and winter were significantly different. Real-time IEQh demonstrated that indoor comfort was affected by the hospital s operating hours due to operation of the HVAC system. The percentage of indoor comfort in the hospitals was higher using PMV than IEQh. Conclusion: IEQh in the hospitals was different at locations with different purposes. Indoor comfort assessment using IEQh was stricter than with PMV. Additional research is needed in order to optimize the IEQh model.
어린이집에서 이산화탄소와 미세먼지의 장기간 시간적인 변이를 활용한 실내환경수준 평가
김윤지(Yoonjee Kim),이세원(Sewon Lee),반현경(Hyunkyung Ban),차상민(Sangmin Cha),김근배(Geunbae Kim),이기영(Kiyoung Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.4
Objectives: The purposes of the study were to analyze the temporal variation of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and particulate matter (PM) in daycare centers and evaluate the appropriateness of the official test method of onetime measurement. Methods: Indoor air quality in 46 daycare centers in the Seoul Metropolitan Area was measured as specified in the official test method of Indoor Air Quality Management law. In addition, indoor air quality in the 46 daycare centers was measured over 37 days using a real-time monitor (AirGuard K). Results: The daily means of CO 2 and PM in the 46 daycare centers were 1042.74 ± 134.45 ppm and 67.60 ± 18.25 µg/m 3 , respectively. Indoor air quality in the daycare centers showed significant temporal fluctuation. Measurements for single days were significantly different from the 37-day average exposure. Relative error of short term exposure decreased with an increase in the number of sampling days. The noncompliance rate for CO 2 using the official testing method was 2.17%, and none exceeded the PM 10 standard of 100 µg/m 3 . With monitoring over 37 days, the daily noncompliance rate for CO 2 was 50.4% and the daily noncompliance rate for PM was 13.8%. Conclusions: When the official test method evaluates the indoor air at daycare centers one day per year, the results may not represent actual indoor air quality over a longer period of time. Real-time monitoring devices could be an alternative for managing indoor air quality.