심장 이식 후에 발생한 침윤성 폐 Aspergillosis 2 예

김희정,박성훈,홍석근,현민수,고경환,윤재형,이수금,오미혜,김명아,박국양 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.53 No.2

Case 1: A 39-year-old man underwent orthotopic heart transplantation on November 1994 for dilated cardiomyopathy. His postoperative course was unevenful and medications included daily cyclosporin A, Immuran and prednisone. On December 13.1994, he developed cough and sore throat. Chest radiographs revealed multiple patch growing lesions. Sputum fungus culture revealed Aspergillus Fumigatus. The patient was treated with daily infusion of amphotericin B. He remains well without evidence of relapse of Aspergillus, Case 2: This 39-year-old man had undergone orthotopic heart transplantation on November 16 1994 for dilated cardiomyopathy. In December 7.1994. he developed recurrent syncope. Chest radiographs revealed fungus ball like lesion on right lung field. On open lung biopsy and wedge resection of the mass was performed. Aspergillosis and CMV infection was demonstrated in the biopsy specimen. The patient was treated with conventional amphotericin B therapy for over 7weeks and Ganciclovir for over 2weeks. At the end of therapy chest X-ray showed only small residual scar in the area of previous mass.

한국철학 : 김창협의 지각론과 퇴율절충론의 관계에 대한 일고찰 -지각(知覺)과 지(智)의 분리에 따른 도덕심리학적 견해-

김우형 ( Woo Hyung Kim ) 한국철학사연구회 2014 한국 철학논집 Vol.0 No.40

이 논문은 農巖 金昌協(1651~1708)의 철학에 대해 기존연구에서 퇴율절충론으로서 평가해오던 것을 근래의 그의 지각론에 관한 연구성과와 관련시켜 재조명해보려는 시도에서 기획된 것이다. 김창협은 송시열의 주자주의의 수립이라고 하는 문제의식을 계승하여 이황과 이이의 학설을 종합하는 과제를 부여받았다. 그 해결의 단초는 마음의 지각(心知)과 “지의 작용”으로서의 지각(智知)을 정합적으로 설명하는 것이다. 김창협은 心論에 있어 기본적으로 이이와 송시열을 계승하지만, 지각을 마음의 실체와 작용 전체를 가리키는 것으로 확장시켰다. 지각은 내적 본성에 의해 작동되지만 지각의 원리는 알 수 없기 때문에 허령한 기가 스스로 지각 작용을 하는 것이라고 말해야 한다. 따라서 지각의 원리는 부정되며, 본성의 원리는 대상으로서 자각해야 하는 도덕적 원리로 간주된다. 즉, 지는 지각의 원리가 아니라 대상으로서 옳고 그름에 대한 도덕적 원리이다. “지의 작용”으로서의 지각은 부정되며, 이로써 지각과 지, 인식과 도덕은 분열된다. 인식과 단절된 도덕은 감정과 같은 복잡한 심리적 구조와 작용에 의해 설명되어야 할 문제이다. 김창협의 퇴율절충론은 理乘을 이황의 理發처럼 선한 본성에 내재한 도덕적 원리의 자각으로 확대 해석한 데서 비롯된다. 그는 선한 본성과 사단을 이론적으로 긍정함으로써 이이와 송시열의 결과주의와 외재주의로부터 이탈한다. 이로써 김창협의 사단칠정 인심도심에 대한 견해는 대체로 내부의 심리적 요인을 중시하는 도덕심리학적 경향을 띤다. 즉, 심기의 청탁과 도덕원리의 결합 비율로써 인심과 도심, 선과 악이 결정된다는 것이다. 이러한 내적 심리상태는 우연적 요소들의 조합이기 때문에 파악하기가 어렵다. 김창협의 이와 같은 절충적 견해는 이황과 이이와 다른 제3의 새로운 입장이라고 할 수 있으며, 오늘날 도덕심리학적 관점에서도 흥미로운 통찰을 준다고 평가할 만하다. This article is planned to shed light on the relationship between Kim Changhyup`s (金昌協, 1651~1708) theory of Jigak (知覺, psychological function) and his compromise on Yi Hwang (李滉) and Yi I`s (李珥) uncompatible ethical thoughts. Kim`s task was to establish the Zhuziism as ideology in Joseon Dynasty on the basis of the synthesis between Yi Hwang and Yi I`s doctrines. Although Kim succeeded to Yi I and Song Siyeol (宋時烈) in the theory of heart-mind, he extended the concept of jigak as denoting the psychological entity and function of heart-mind. While he disapproved of the principles of psychological function, he interpreted the principles of nature as moral principles that human beings should realize as the object. Ji (智) is not the principle of psychological function but the moral principle of right and wrong. Therefore he separated the psychological function from the ji. This separation implied the division of cognition and morals in psychological function. Kim`s compromise on Yi Hwang and Yi I was derived from his theory of psychological function as such. His moral psychology, which attached importance to psychological factors and mechanism, deviated from Yi I and Song Siyeol`s externalism and consequentialism. According to Kim`s thought, the ratio of combination between the clarity of psychological energy and moral principle of nature determines whether emotion is good or not. Kim`s moral psychology can be entitled as the third position different from Yi Hwang and Yi I, which is able to give interesting insight to moral psychology today.

Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

김중업의 「경주 석굴암 보수공사 설계」(1961-1962)에 관한 고찰

우동선,김태형,Woo, Don-Son,Kim, Tae-hyung 한국건축역사학회 2021 건축역사연구 Vol.30 No.4

This study examines the Gyeongju Seokguram Grotto restoration project (1961-1962) by architect Kim Chung Up (1922-1988) and introduces the documents he wrote at the time of planning. The study highlights Kim's Plan attempt to adopt Buckminster Fuller's idea of the Geodesic Dome, while inheriting the architect Pai Ki Hyung's previous design plan which was nullified. As Seokguram Grotto's water leak and deterioration issues have been brought up, the four-times survey was carried out by experts team between 1958 and 1960, under Ministry of Education's direction. Pai designed an initial restoration plan based on the survey's result, which was a double-dome structure with a concrete film on the outer periphery as a way to protect Seokguram Grotto in January 1961. However, as drawbacks, such as the heavy load of the concrete dome, and non-installation of entrance hall, have been indicated in the review process, the Cultural Properties Committee rejected the plan. Subsequently, Kim was appointed as the supervisor of the second restoration project. Kim drew up a process management schedule to be implemented from August 1961 to December 1963 and designed the conception plans for the second restoration design. This study analyzes Kim's Plan by examining sketches, site plans, floor plans, and sections. Kim planned to maintain the idea of the double-dome structure proposed by Pai while applying Buckminster Fuller's idea of the Geodesic Dome. Kim planned to lighten the dome structure by applying a steel-frame Geodesic Dome so that the dome structure could be supported by its own. The study is expected to reclaim the omitted parts from Seokguram Grotto's historical description and Kim's careers.

Effects of Phenytoin and Diazepam on the Seizure Activity in the Cortical Dysplasia Animal Models

Kim, Si-Hyung,Choi, In-Sun,Cho, Jin-Hwa,Park, Eun-Ju,Jang, Il-Sung,Choi, Byung-Ju,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Young-Jin,Nam, Soon-Hyeun The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2006 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.31 No.2

Dysplasia-associated seizure disorders are markedly resistant to pharmacological intervention. Relatively little research has been conducted studying the effects of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs) on seizure activity in a rat model of dysplasia. We have used rats exposed to methylazoxymethanol acetate(MAM) in utero, an animal model featuring nodular heterotopia, to investigate the effects of AEDs in the dysplastic brain. Pilocarpine was used to induce acute seizure in MAM-exposed and age-matched vehicle-injucted control animals. Field potential recordings were used to monitor amplitude and numbers population spikes, and paired pulse inhibition in response to stimulation of commissural pathway. Two commonly used AEDs were tested: diazepam 5, 2.5mg/kg;phenytoin 40, 60mg/kg. Diazepam(DZP) and phenytoin(PHT) reduced the amplitude of population spike in control and MAM-exposed rats. However, the amplitude of population spike was nearly eliminated in control rats as compared to the MAM-exposed rats. Pharmaco-resistance was tested by measuring seizure latencies in awake rats after pilocarpine administration(320mg/kg, i.p.) with and without pretreatment with AEDs. Pre-treatment with PHT 60 mg prolonged seizure latency in control rats, but not in MAM-exposed animals. The main findings of this study are that acute seizures initiated in MAM-exposed rats are relatively resistant to standard AEDs assessed in vivo. These data suggest that animal model with cortical dysplasia can be used to screen the effects of potential AEDs.

Clinical Outcome of Modified Cervical Lateral Mass Screw Fixation Technique

Kim, Seong-Hwan,Seo, Won-Deog,Kim, Ki-Hong,Yeo, Hyung-Tae,Choi, Gi-Hwan,Kim, Dae-Hyun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2012 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.52 No.2

Objective : The purpose of this study was 1) to analyze clinically-executed cervical lateral mass screw fixation by the Kim's technique as suggested in the previous morphometric and cadaveric study and 2) to examine various complications and bicortical purchase that are important for b-one fusion. Methods : A retrospective study was done on the charts, operative records, radiographs, and clinical follow up of thirty-nine patients. One hundred and seventy-eight lateral mass screws were analyzed. The spinal nerve injury, violation of the facet joint, vertebral artery injury, and the bicortical purchases were examined at each lateral mass. Results : All thirty-nine patients received instrumentations with poly axial screws and rod systems, in which one hundred and seventy-eight screws in total. No vertebral artery injury or nerve root injury were observed. Sixteen facet joint violations were observed (9.0%). Bicortical purchases were achieved on one hundred and fifty-six (87.6%). Bone fusion was achieved in all patients. Conclusion : The advantages of the Kim's technique are that it is performed by using given anatomical structures and that the complication rate is as low as those of other known techniques. The Kim's technique can be performed easily and safely without fluoroscopic assistance for the treatment of many cervical diseases.

영성과 건강의 관계에 대한 개혁주의적 이해

김주형(Joo hyung Kim) 개혁주의이론실천학회 2011 개혁주의 이론과 실천 Vol.- No.1

후기 현대 사회 속에서 서구 기독교는 활력을 잃어버리고 현대사회와 영합하여 세속화와 쇠퇴의 길을 걸어왔고 그 정체성을 상실해가고 있다. 대조적으로 한국의 기독교는 해방 이후 지속적인 성장을 이루어 한 때 전 인구의 25%정도까지 성장하였고 해외에 많은 선교사를 파송하였다. 그런데 1990년대에 접어들면서 기독교의 성장은 둔화되고 사회적으로 비판을 받고 있다. 한국 기독교의 영성에 대한 문제점이 그 이유 중의 하나로서 제기되고 있다. 김영한의 영성에 따르면 하나님과의 관계가 성령을 통해서 증진되면 신자의 정신건강과 사회적 건강에 긍정적인 영향을 주고 이러한 정신건강과 사회적 건강의 결과인 신체적 건강의 증진에도 영향을 주어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 정신건강과 사회적 관계가 뇌에서 시작하기 때문에 뇌의 건강에 대한 자료를 토대로 김영한의 영성에 대한 이해에 대한 지지가 이루어지는지 보도록 하였다. 영성의 증진과 그에 따라 뇌의 구조와 기능이 변한다는 것을 자료를 활용하여 조사해 보았다. 신학적으로 보면“기독교 영성은 그리스도 안에서 성령의 인도함에 따라서 하나님과의 연합을 추구하는 삶이다. 하나님과의 연합은 존재론적 일치가 아니라 도덕적이고 윤리적이며 의지적인 삶이다.”라고 말할 수 있다. 그래서 삶의 변화와 뇌의 변화가 영성에 따라 나타난다. 즉 하나님과의 연합의 증거가 우리의 건강과 뇌에 나타난다는 것이다. 연구 결과를 토대로 뇌의 교육을 일반학자들에게 위임하지 말고 영성을 연구하는 학자들이 그 역할을 감당할 것을 제안한다. Western Christianity tends to lose its spirit in the post-modern society, and is even at the edge of losing its identity as secularization goes on. Such an adverse situation has reached at the churches of Korea, and the growth rate of the churches in terms of number is being decreased. At this time, we have to look to the prospect that can be given by the spirituality of the Reformed theology. In this paper, the spirituality suggested and understood by Yung Han Kim was taken into the study to examine the potential association between spirituality and its effects on brain health. His original spirituality consists of the 17 categories, but for the study, it was re-grouped into the 9 categories, and compared to the data from brain science. The nine categories of the Kim’s spirituality appeared to well correspond to the data. The author suggests that spirituality is to be promoted for the brain health for people in general. Such a role needs to be done by scholars in theology now and in the future.

토끼 복부 내벽으로부터 분리된 경락으로 믿어지는 관조직

손준형 ( Joon Hyung Sohn ),윤진하 ( Jin-ha Yoon ),김영주 ( Young Joo Kim ),김민경 ( Min Kyung Kim ),김지화 ( Ji Hwa Kim ),권오현 ( Ohyun Kwon ),김현원 ( Hyun-won Kim ) 대한미용학회(구 대한미용과학회) 2016 대한미용학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Investigation of meridian line and acupoints as anatomical entities should be very important, as acupuncture and meridian massage for medical purpose in the hospital or for skin care in beauty shop are each based on the traditional meridian theory. We isolated tubular structures under the skin of rabbits where the traditional meridian lines are located. The characteristics of these tubular structures isolated from the abdominal wall matches those of Bonghan tubes and Bonghan tubules found by Bong Han Kim. The Bonghan theory established by Bong Han Kim suggests that meridian lines consist of Bonghan tubes and Bonghan tubules. We could observe the presence of large cells inside the Bonghan tubule and the presence of small granules referred to as Sanal in Bonghan theory inside the striae consisting of the Bonghan tubules. Present research suggests that there exist a third unique tubular structure where Sanals flow other than Bonghan tube and Bonghan tubules.

Discovery of urinary metabolomic biomarkers for early detection of acute kidney injury

Won, A Jin,Kim, Siwon,Kim, Yoon Gyoon,Kim, Kyu-Bong,Choi, Wahn Soo,Kacew, Sam,Kim, Kyeong Seok,Jung, Jee H.,Lee, Byung Mu,Kim, Suhkmann,Kim, Hyung Sik The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Molecular bioSystems Vol.12 No.1

<P>The discovery of new biomarkers for early detection of drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is clinically important. In this study, sensitive metabolomic biomarkers identified in the urine of rats were used to detect cisplatin-induced AKI. Cisplatin (10 mg kg(-1), i.p.) was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats, which were subsequently euthanized after 1, 3 or 5 days. In cisplatin-treated rats, mild histopathological alterations were noted at day 1, and these changes were severe at days 3 and 5. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels were significantly increased at days 3 and 5. The levels of new urinary protein-based biomarkers, including kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), glutathione S-transferase-alpha (GST-alpha), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), calbindin, clusterin, neutrophil, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and osteopontin, were significantly elevated at days 3 and 5. Among urinary metabolites, trigonelline and 3-indoxylsulfate (3-IS) levels were significantly decreased in urine collected from cisplatin-treated rats prior to histological kidney damage. However, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a hepatotoxicant, did not affect these urinary biomarkers. Trigonelline is closely associated with GSH depletion and results in insufficient antioxidant capacity against cisplatin-induced AKI. The predominant cisplatin-induced AKI marker appeared to be reduced in urinary 3-IS levels. Because 3-IS is predominantly excreted via active secretion in proximal tubules, a decrease is indicative of tubular damage. Further, urinary excretion of 3-IS levels was markedly reduced in patients with AKI compared to normal subjects. The area under the curve receiver operating characteristics (AUC-ROC) for 3-IS was higher than for SCr, BUN, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, and glucose. Therefore, low urinary or high serum 3-IS levels may be more useful for early detection of AKI than conventional biomarkers.</P>

Underlying representations in glide formation in Korean: A reply to Cho (2000)

Hyung-Soo Kim 한국음운론학회 2002 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.8 No.1

Kim, Hyung-Soo. 2002. Underlying representations in glide formation in Korean: A reply to Cho (2000). Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 8.1. 65-83. One of the most recalcitrant problems in Korean phonology has been the explanation of the irregular continuative form wa<oa ""come[continuative]""(cf inf. o-ta) where, unlike verbs such as poa, pwa ""see[continuative]""(cf. inf. po-ta), glide formation occurs obligatorily without compensatory lengthening. In Kim (1999) it has been proposed that the exceptional behavior of the verb 0- can be most aptly explained by positing its underlying form as WΛ, whose stem vowel drops before a vowel-initial ending but contracts with the preceding W to become 0 before a consonant-initial suffix. Cho (2000), however, has criticized this analysis as being too opaque, employing a synchronically unmotivated underlying representation. This paper responds to her criticism by reviewing and revaluating all of the underlying representations posited in previous analyses while offering additional arguments for the abstract underlying form WΛ. (Jeonju University)