http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Moon, Sung-Ung,Kim, Jin Won,Sung, Ji Hea,Kang, Mi Hyun,Kim, Se-Hyun,Chang, Hyun,Lee, Jeong-Ok,Kim, Yu Jung,Lee, Keun-Wook,Kim, Jee Hyun,Bang, Soo-Mee,Lee, Jong Seok Korean Cancer Association 2015 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.47 No.3
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are involved in cytoskeletal reorganization, gene transcription, cell proliferation and survival, and oncogenic transformation. Therefore, we hypothesized that PAK expression levels could predict the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine treatment, and PAKs could be therapeutic targets.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>Cell viability inhibition by gemcitabine was evaluated in human pancreatic cancer cell lines (Capan-1, Capan-2, MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, Aspc-1, SNU-213, and SNU-410). Protein expression and mRNA of molecules was detected by immunoblot analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. To define the function of PAK4, PAK4 was controlled using PAK4 siRNA.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Capan-2, PANC-1, and SNU-410 cells were resistant to gemcitabine treatment. Immunoblot analysis of signaling molecules reported to indicate gemcitabine sensitivity showed higher expression of PAK4 and lower expression of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1), a well-known predictive marker for gemcitabine activity, in the resistant cell lines. Knockdown of PAK4 using siRNA induced the upregulation of hENT1. In resistant cell lines (Capan-2, PANC-1, and SNU-410), knockdown of PAK4 by siRNA resulted in restoration of sensitivity to gemcitabine.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>PAK4 could be a predictive marker of gemcitabine sensitivity and a potential therapeutic target to increase gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic cancer.</P>
통합수질지수 및 오염부하자료를 이용한 공릉천 유입지천과 본류의 오염특성 분석
유재현 ( Jae-hyun Yu ),이한샘 ( Han-saem Lee ),임병란 ( Byung-ran Lim ),강주형 ( Joo-hyoung Kang ),안태웅 ( Tae-ung Ahn ),신현상 ( Hyun-sang Shin ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2020 한국물환경학회지 Vol.36 No.2
In this study, we identified the major pollution-zones of the mainstream and its tributaries of Gongneung stream and investigated their pollution sources based on water quality, flowrate and pollution-load data of the stream having the characteristics of the urban-rural complex to examine the effect of the tributaries on the water quality changes in the mainstream. The water quality and flowrate data were collected for 10 months (2018 ~ 2019) at 3 points of mainstream and ten tributaries. Water quality index (WQI), load duration curve (LDC), discharge load density (DLD)and delivery ratios for each tributary were obtained so as to investigate the pollution characteristics and some of the information visualized on GIS. The main pollution-zone in the Gongneung stream was in the middle and lower streams, and the tributaries that may affect the pollution of the area were JS, JY, SL and SM. JS and SL had low WQI levels (34.7/37.5) and DLD (kg/d/km<sup>2</sup>) of BOD and T-P were relatively high in JY (99.2/6.00) and SL (60.0/2.07). BOD and T-P delivery ratios in JS were high (0.94/0.83), suggesting that JS had significant influence on the water quality of the main pollution-zone in the Gongneung stream. Meanwhile, SM having a high T-P delivery ratio (0.97) was found to be more affected by the non-point source due to the higher LDC excess rate (%) in the low flow compared to high flow. This study provides basic data on the water quality and pollution characteristics of the Gongneung stream, and the analysis results are expected to be used as examples for identifying the main pollution-zone and tributaries of stream and their pollution sources.
Metabolism of Saikosaponin c and Naringin by Human lntestinal Bacteria
Yu, Ki Ung,Jang, Il Sung,Kang, Keung Hyung,Sung, Chung Ki,Kim, Dong Hyun 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 1997 약품개발연구지 Vol.6 No.1
By human intestinal bacteria, saikosaponin c was transformed to four metabolites, prosaikngenin E1 (E1) prosaikogenin E1 (E2), prosaikogenin E3 (E3) and saikogenin E. Metabolic time course of saikosaponin c was as follows; in early time, saikosaponin c was converted to E1 and E2, and then these were transformed to saikogenin E via E3. Also, this metabolic pathway was similar to the metabolism of saikosaponin c by rat intestinal bacteria. Bacteroides JY-6 and Bacteroides YK-4, the bacteria isolated from human intestinal bacteria, could transform saikosaponin c to E via E1 (or E2) and E3. However, these bacteria were not able to directly transform E1 and E2 to saikogenin E. Naringin was mainly transformed to naringenin by human intestinal bacteria. The minor metabolic pathway transformed naringin to naringenin via prunin. By JY-6 or YK-4, naringin was metabolized to naringenin only via prunin.
Metabolism of Saikosaponin c and Naringin by Human Intestinal Bacteria
Yu, Ki-Ung,Jang, Il-Sung,Kang, Keung-Hyung,Sung, Chung-Ki,Kim, Dong-Hyun The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1997 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.20 No.5
By human intestinal bacteria, saikosaponin c was transformed to four metabolites, prosaikogenin E1 (E1) prosaikogenin E2 (E2), prosaikogenin E3 (E3) and saikogenin E. Metabolic time course of saikosaponin c was as follows; in early time, saikosaponin c was converted to E1 and E2, and then these were transformed to saikogenin E via E3. Also, this metabolic pathway was similar to the metabolism of saikosaponin c by rat intestinal bacteria. Bacteroides JY-6 and Bacteroides YK-4, the bacteria isolated from human intestinal bacteria, could transform saikosaponin c to E via E1 (or E2) and E3. However, these bacteria were not able to directly transform El and E2 to saikogenin E. Naringin was mainly transformed to naringenin by human intestinal bacteria. The minor metabolic pathway transformed naringin to naringenin via prunin. By JY-6 or YK-4, naringin was metabolized to naringenin only via prunin.
( Hyun-ji Lee ),( Ha-nul Soe ),( Woo-bin Soel ),( Kyung-sun Soe ),( Jong-won Ju ),( Hae-sung Lee ),( Ung-bae Park ),( Min-suk Yu ),( Ji-hyun Lee ) 대한임상병리사협회 2013 조직세포검사학회 발표자료집 Vol.2013 No.-
Background The objective of this study was to evaluate whether 840 nm light-emitting diode (LED) could be effective in a noninvasive, therapeutic device for the treatment of monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats. Method Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 200 g each were divided into four groups: control group (C); monosodium iodoacetate-treated(MIA) group; monosodium iodoacetate-treated(MIA) group with LED phototherapy(MIA-LED); indomethacin-treated group(IMT). Osteoarthritis(OA) was induced by intra-articular injection of 50 μl of 3 mg MIA through the patellar ligament of the right knee. Control rats were injected with an equivalent volume of saline. In the MIA-LED group, the animal knees were exposed to LED stimulation at intervals of 15 min/day, for 1 weeks after MIA treatment. Animals were sacrificed at 2 weeks postoperatively. Knee joints were removed and fixed overnight in 10% neutral buffered formalin and subsequently decalcified by EDTA for 2 wk before being embedded in paraffin. Frontal sections (4 μm thick) of the medial aspect of the rat knee joints were prepared every 250 μm. The OA clinical score was monitored by knee movement and by radiographic analyses. Histologic analyses were performed following staining with hematoxylin and eosin, Safranin O-fast green, or toluidine blue, and histologic changes were scored according to a modified Mankin system. Results Radiographic examination showed no differences between the MIA-treated and the MIA-LED-treated rats. Sclerotic regions adjacent to the tibioepiphyseal margin, thinning of the epiphysis, and a small exophite were evident in the MIA-treated and the MIA-LED-treated rats, whereas tibioepiphyseal margin was well preserved in the IMT-treated rats compared with the two groups. Histologically, the lesion severity of knee joint by Mankin``s scoring showed not a significant difference between the MIA-treated and the MIA-LED-treated rats, however the lesion score was significantly decreased in the IMT rats compared with the two groups. Discussion The irradiation of LED at 840 nm after monosodium idoacetate treatment was no significant difference between the respective arthritis parameters in LED-treated group compared with indomethacin-treated group. However, the total Mankin score was significantly decreased in MIA-LED-treated group compared with monosodium iodoacetate-treated group. These results indicate that LED phototherapy was some beneficial influence on the repair of chondral lesion in osteoarthritis rats.
Isolation and Characterization of Nonylphenol-degrading Bacteria
Yu, Dae-Ung,Kim, Dong-Myung,Chung, Yong-Hyun,Lee, Yang-Bong,Kim, Young-Mog The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2012 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.15 No.2
To isolate a nonylphenol (NP)-degrading bacterium, we isolated a single colony from the NP-degrading microbial consortium SW-3, which was previously isolated from an aqueous environment. Ten colonies that exhibited different cell morphologies were isolated and the strains were named SW-3-A, -B, -C, -D, -E, -F1, -F2, -G, -H, and -I. The ability of isolates to degrade NP was evaluated by kinetic analysis by the constant of NP degradation rate ($k_1$) and the half-life time of NP degradation ($t_{1/2}$). SW-3-F1, -F2, -G, and -I strains were superior at degrading NP. The $k_1$ and $t_{1/2}$ values of the four strains were sixfold higher and one-sixth lower, respectively, than those of the consortium strain. Additionally, SW-3-F1, -G, and -I strains were tested for their ability to degrade NP during coculture. NP degradation by coculture with a combination of all three strains was inferior to that of culture conducted with single isolates, suggesting that the three strains are antagonistic toward each other during NP degradation.