Genotypes of Alcohol - Metabolizing Enzymes and the Risk for Alcoholics in Korean

Mok, Jee Won,Park, Kyung Sook,Seol, Hye Won 한국유전학회 1997 Genes & Genomics Vol.19 No.4

Alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH2) and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) are the major enzymes involved in oxidative degradation of ethanol, and they catalyze the conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde and further into acetic acid. The frequencies of ADH2^*2 and ALDH2^*2 varied across ethnic groups and the distortion frequencies were shown in alcoholics. We examined the exon 3 of the ADH2 and exon 12 of the ALDH2 genotypes by PCR-RFLP from 53 alcoholics and 232 controls in Korean. The ADH2^*1/ADH2^*1 homozygote was significantly predominant in alcoholic patients (45.3%) compared to control subjects (6.0%) (p<0.001), whereas there was inverse relation in ADH2^*2/ADH2^*2 (p<0.001). The ALDH2^* 1/ALDH2^* 1 homozygote was 94.3% for alcoholics compared with 75.9% of controls (p<0.001). All alcoholics had AL DH2^* 1 allele in our study. The high relative risks for alcoholics were found in ALDH2^* 1 and ALDH2^* 1 and their relative risks (R.R.) are 2.9 and 8.1, respectively. On the other hands, the allele frequencies of ADH2^* 2 and ALDH2^* 2 for alcoholics were lower than those of controls. These data suggest that ADH2 and ALDH2 gene polymorphisms may be associated with tloe development of alcoholics in Korean. Same genetic predisposition to alcoholics was shown in other Orientals (Japanese and Chinese) but not in Caucasians.

MR Imaging in Oligohydroamnios Patients: Compared with US

( Hye Sung Won ),( Hye Kyung Yoo ),( Ja Nam Koo ),( Chul Ho Son ),( Kyung Sik Cho ),( Pyl Ryang Lee ),( In Sik Lee ),( Ahm Kim ),( Jung Eun Mok ) 대한산부인과학회 1997 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.80 No.-

Free Paper Presentation : OS-87 ; Plasma Adiponectin/leptin Ratio and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Progression (KOLD Study Group)

( Hye Yun Park ),( Byeong Ho Jeong ),( Won Jung Koh ),( Eun Kyung Kim ),( Seong Yong Lim ),( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Yeon Mok Oh ),( Sang Do Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.118 No.-

Background: Adiponectin and leptin regulate metabolic and inflammatory systems reciprocally. In COPD, leptin was associated with BODE index and adiponectin was proved as a biomarker associated with radiologic-assessed emphysema. However, there are limited data of adiponectin/leptin ratio on longitudinal association of lung function and emphysema. The objective of this study is to investigate the predictable role of adiponectin/leptin ratio on the COPD progression. Methods: Two hundred five COPD subjects in this study were taken from Korean Obstructive Lung Disease (KOLD) cohort. The subjects extracted from the KOLD cohort met all of the following criteria (1) diagnosed with COPD, i.e., postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7 and more than 10 pack-years of smoking history as well as no or minimal abnormality on chest radiographs; (2) with follow-up of at least 3 years; (3) with blood sample at enrollment and (4) with pulmonary function test and chest CT scan results during follow-up period. Results: Plasma adiponectin concentration were positively related to initial computed tomography-determined % emphysema (coefficient, 11.699; 95% CI, 2.739 - 20.660; Adjusted P = 0.011), while plasma leptin concentration had a significant inverse correlation with initial FEV1 (adjusted coefficient, -0.187; 95% CI, -0.369 - -0.005; Adjusted P = 0.044). Unexpectedly, increased plasma ratio of adiponectin to leptin was significantly associated with reduced rate of progression of % emphysema over 3 years (adjusted coefficient, -1.464; 95% CI, -2.664 - -0.264; Adjusted P = 0.017), while plasma ratio of adiponectin to leptin had no relationship with FEV1 decline over 3 years. Conclusions: The directionality of association between plasma adiponectin and tomography-determined % emphysema is uncertain, however, the inverse relationship between plasma adiponectin/leptin ratio and change of % emphysema might suggest a protective role of adiponectin to development of emphysema.

The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases : Slide Session ; OS-087 : COPD ; Plasma Adiponectin/leptin Ratio and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Progression (KOLD Study Group)

( Hye Yun Park ),( Byeong Ho Jeong ),( Won Jung Koh ),( Eun Kyung Kim ),( Seong Yong Lim ),( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Yeon Mok Oh ),( Sang Do Lee ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Adiponectin and leptin regulate metabolic and in ammatory systems reciprocally. In COPD, leptin was associated with BODE index and adiponectin was proved as a biomarker associated with radiologic-assessed emphysema. However, there are limited data of adiponectin/leptin ratio on longitudinal association of lung function and emphysema. The objective of this study is to investigate the predictable role of adiponectin/leptin ratio on the COPD progression. Methods: Two hundred five COPD subjects in this study were taken from Korean Obstructive Lung Disease (KOLD) cohort. The subjects extracted from the KOLD cohort met all of the following criteria (1) diagnosed with COPD, i.e., postbronchodilator FEV1/ FVC < 0.7 and more than 10 pack-years of smoking history as well as no or minimal abnormality on chest radiographs; (2) with follow-up of at least 3 years; (3) with blood sample at enrollment and (4) with pulmonary function test and chest CT scan results during follow-up period. Results: Plasma adiponectin concentration were positively related to initial computed tomography-determined % emphysema (coeffi cient, 11.699; 95% CI, 2.739 20.660; Adjusted P = 0.011), while plasma leptin concentration had a significant inverse correlation with initial FEV1 (adjusted coeffi cient, -0.187; 95% CI, -0.369 -0.005; Adjusted P = 0.044). Unexpectedly, increased plasma ratio of adiponectin to leptin was signifi cantly associated with reduced rate of progression of % emphysema over 3 years (adjusted coeffi cient, -1.464; 95% CI, -2.664 -0.264; Adjusted P = 0.017), while plasma ratio of adiponectin to leptin had no relationship with FEV1 decline over 3 years. Conclusions: The directionality of association between plasma adiponectin and tomography- determined % emphysema is uncertain, however, the inverse relationship between plasma adiponectin/leptin ratio and change of % emphysema might suggest a protective role of adiponectin to development of emphysema.

Development of a Chemiluminometric Immunosensor Array for Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

Hye-Jee Jang,Eui-Hwan Paek,Won-Mok Park,Se-Hwan Paek 한국생물공학회 2005 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.4

S-643 A Case of Melioidosis Presenting as Activation of Latent Infection

( Hye In Jung ),( Jae Cheul Pi ),( Jae Seok Park ),( Sun Hyo Park ),( Won Il Choi ),( Won Mok Lee ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Melioidosis is an infection caused by the facultative intracellular gram-negative bacterium, Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is endemic in Southeast Asia, Northern Australia and China, where Burkholderia pseudomallei is a widely distributed environmental saprophyte in soil and fresh surfaced water. The incubation period following inoculating injury ranges from 1 to 21 days. It presents as a febrile illness, ranging from an acute fulminant septicemia to a chronic debilitating localized infection. Infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei can be latent and subsequently activate, but this type of infection is rare. We report a case of activation of latent focus of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection, presenting as acute pyelonephritis 15 months after coming back from Vietnam and Cambodia. A 76-year-old man with lung cancer who received chemotherapy was hospitalized for fever. The computed tomography showed right acute pyelonephritis. Burkholderia pseudomallei was identified from the urine culture and DNA sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA with 100% homology. The bacterium was sensitive to imipenem and tetracyclin but resistant to ceftazidime and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole on antimicrobial susceptibility test. The patient was treated with carbapenem and improved clinical feature. This is the first report of melioidosis presenting as activation of latent infection in Korea.

Development of a Immuno-Chip for Simultaneous Detection of Genetically Modified Organisms

Hye-Jee Jang(장혜지),Eui-Hwan Paek(백의환),Won-Mok Park(박원목),Se-Hwan Paek(백세환) 한국생물공학회 2004 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2004 No.10

Predicting Mortality in Patients with Tuberculous Destroyed Lung Receiving Mechanical Ventilation

( Won-young Kim ),( Mi-hyun Kim ),( Eun-jung Jo ),( Jung Seop Eom ),( Jeongha Mok ),( Ki Uk Kim ),( Hye-kyung Park ),( Min Ki Lee ),( Kwangha Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2018 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.81 No.3

Background: Patients with acute respiratory failure secondary to tuberculous destroyed lung (TDL) have a poor prognosis. The aim of the present retrospective study was to develop a mortality prediction model for TDL patients who require mechanical ventilation. Methods: Data from consecutive TDL patients who had received mechanical ventilation at a single university-affiliated tertiary care hospital in Korea were reviewed. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors predicting intensive care unit (ICU) mortality. A TDL on mechanical Ventilation (TDL-Vent) score was calculated by assigning points to variables according to β coefficient values. Results: Data from 125 patients were reviewed. A total of 36 patients (29%) died during ICU admission. On the basis of multivariate analysis, the following factors were included in the TDL-Vent score: age ≥65 years, vasopressor use, and arterial partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio <180. In a second regression model, a modified score was then calculated by adding brain natriuretic peptide. For TDL-Vent scores 0 to 3, the 60-day mortality rates were 11%, 27%, 30%, and 77%, respectively (p<0.001). For modified TDL-Vent scores 0 to ≥3, the 60-day mortality rates were 0%, 21%, 33%, and 57%, respectively (p=0.001). For both the TDL-Vent score and the modified TDL-Vent score, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were larger than that of other illness severity scores. Conclusion: The TDL-Vent model identifies TDL patients on mechanical ventilation with a high risk of mortality. Prospective validation studies in larger cohorts are now warranted.

Three cases of fetal tachyarrhythmias: Successful medical therapy in utero

( Hye Sung Won ),( Hye Kyung Yoo ),( Pyl Ryang Lee ),( In Sik Lee ),( Ahm Kim ),( Jung Run Mok ) 대한산부인과학회 1997 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.80 No.-

자간전증이 합병된 임신에서 인간 태반의 산화질소 합성효소의 발현 및 활성도의 변화

원혜성(Hye Sung Won),이필량(Pil Ryang Lee),이인식(In Sik Lee),김암(Ahm Kim),남주현(Joo Hyun Nam),목정은(Jung Eun Mok) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.7

자간전증의 병태생리 기전에는 혈관 긴장도의 변화가 중요한 역할을 한다. 자간전증에서는 영양모세포의 부적절한 발달 및 침윤이 일어나 태반 관류가 감소되며, 저산소증 및 세포 독성 물질이 발생하여 태반내 혈관내피세포의 기능 장애가 초래되어 혈관 긴장도가 변화한다. 산화질소(nitric oxide)는 강력한 혈관 이완 물질로 혈관내피세포에서도 산화질소 합성효소에 의해 생산된다고 알려져 있으나, 자간전증의 병태생리 중 태반내 산화질소의 생산이 어떻게 변화하는지는 아직 논란의 여지가 있다. 즉, 혈관내피세포가 손상을 받게되면 기능이 저하하여 산화질소의 생산이 감소하게 되고 그에 따라 혈관 수축이 일어나게 되는지, 아니면 저산소증 등에 의해 혈관 긴장도가 증가한데 대한 보상작용으로 혈관내피세포가 오히려 자극을 받아 산화질소 생산이 증가하게 되는 것인지 아직 분명하지 않다. 또한 자간전증에서 산화질소 생산 정도가 변화한다면 그것이 태반내 부위 또는 산화질소 합성효소 이소체(nitric oxide synthase isozyme) 종류에 따른 차이가 있는가 하는 점도 밝혀져야 할 점이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 정상 혈압을 보인 임신부 15명과 중증 자간전증이 합병된 임신부 15명으로부터 얻은 태반 조직을 균질화시킨 후 상층액의 조직 단백질로부터 산화질소 합성효소 활성도 및 내피성 및 유도성 산화질소 합성효소 발현도를 각각 측정하여 비교하였다. 산화질소 합성효소 활성도의 측정은 [3H]를 붙인 L-arginine에서 산화질소가 합성되면서 전환되는 L-citrulline의 양을 scintillation analyzer로 측정하는 간접적인 방법을 사용하였으며, 내피성 및 유도성 산화질소 합성효소 발현도는 western blot analysis를 이용하여 확인하였다. 통계학적 분석에는 Student t-test와 paired t-test를 적절하게 이용하였다. 본 연구 결과, 태반내 산화질소 합성효소 활성도는 자간전증이 합병된 임신의 경우가 정상 임신에 비하여 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 태반내 조직 부위에 따른 산화질소 합성효소 활성도는, 정상 임신과 자간전증이 합병된 임신 모두에서 tetrahydrobiopterin 첨가 유무에 상관없이 주간 융모(main stem villi)에서 말초 융모(terminal villi)에 비하여 산화질소 합성효소 활성도가 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었다(p>0.05). Tetrahydrobiopterin 첨가 유무에 따른 산화질소 합성효소 활성도는, 정상 임신에서만 tetrahydrobiopterin을 첨가한 경우에 산화질소 합성효소 활성도가 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 내피성 산화질소 합성효소 발현정도는 140kDa에서 확인된 immunoreactive band를 통합된 흡광도(optical density)로 측정하였다. 정상 임신군과 자간전증이 합병된 임신군에서 주간 융모와 말초 융모에서의 평균 흡광도는 각각 0.88±0.34, 0.81±0.27 및 0.48±0.05, 0.47±0.14로 내피성 산화질소 합성효소 발현도는 자간전증군이 정상 임신군에 비하여 유의하게 낮았으나(p<0.05), 정상 임신군과 자간전증군 모두에서 태반 조직 부위에 따른 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 유도성 산화질소 합성 효소 발현도는 주간 융모에서만 측정하였는데, 정상임신군에서 0.80±0.12, 자간전증군에서 1.38±0.43으로 유의하게 자간전증 군에서 높았다. 결론적으로, 자간전증시 내피성 산화질소 합성효소의 발현도가 낮음에도 불구하고 산화질소 합성효소의 활성도가 역설적으로 증가한 것은, 내피성 산화질소 합성효소에 의해 생산되는 산화질소의 양이 감소한 것에 대한 보상기전으로 산화질소 합성효소의 다른 이소체인 유도성 산화질소 합성효소의 활성이 증가하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 태반조직부위에 따른 산화질소 합성효소 활성도 비교 결과 주간 융모에서 산화질소의 주된 생산이 이루어짐을 시사하였다. Objective : The changes of the production of nitric oxide in preeclampsia are still controversial. To determine the changes of nitric oxide production in preeclamptic pregnancies, NOS activity and eNOS and iNOS expression in preeclamptic placentae were compared with those in normal placentae, and to determine the changes of nitirc oxide production according to the sites of placenta, NOS activity and eNOS expression in preeclamptic placentae were also compared with those in normal placentae. Methods : Human placentae were obtained from 15 normal and 15 preeclamptic pregnant women at the time of cesarean section. NOS activity was assessed by measuring the conversion of [3H]-arginine into [3H]-citrulline. The eNOS and iNOS expression were assessed by using western blot analysis. Data were analyzed by Student t-test and paired t-test where appropriate. Results : The NOS activity(judged by measurement of [3H]-citrulline production) was significantly increased in preeclamptic placentae compared to normal(P<0.05). In normal and preeclamptic pregnant placentae, the NOS activity in main stem villi was increased compared to that in terminal villi. However, the difference of NOS activity between main stem villi and terminal villi was not significant(P>0.05). Quantification of the autoradiographic images demonstrated that the integrated optical density of the immunoreactive bands of eNOS were significantly lower in preeclamptic placentae compared to normal(p<0.05). Conversely, the integrated optical densities of the bands of iNOS were significantly higher in preeclamptic placentae compared to normal(p<0.05). Conclusion : Although the eNOS expression in preeclamptic placentae was lower than that in normal placentae, the NOS activity was significantly higher in preeclamptic placentae than that in normal in this study. These are result from increased production of iNOS in the compensatory mechanisms for the decreased nitric oxide production in pre-eclamptic placentae