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Lee, Hyang-Mok,Suh, Duck-Jong,Kil, Seung-Bum,Park, O-Ok,Yoon, Kwan-Han The Korean Society of Rheology 1999 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.11 No.3
The effects of the transreactions on the rheological properties have been found in the poly(ethylene 2, 6-naphthalate) (PEN) and poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) blends. The rheological properties were very much dependent on the blend compositions, which, in turn, were related to extent of the reactions. In particular, a blend with 50/50 wt% composition exhibits an unusual and remarkable decrease in complex viscosity and it may be related to the randomness of the copolymer structure through transreactions. It has been identified by investigating the extent of transreactions and block length of the copolymer from the (ethylene 2, 6-naphthalate) (EN) and (ethylene terephthalate) (ET) units from $^1{H}$ n.m.r. spectra.
Ok, Hyang-Mok,Kim, Sang-Mi,Park, Joo-Won,Kim, Kab-Sig,Nam, Han-Kyul,Kim, Ji Yeon,Kwon, Oran 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.5
Bioavailability of a nanoparticulate formulation of coenzyme $Q_{10}$ (NQ20), which has high stability in the water phase, was evaluated. The particle size was 188 nm, and the zeta potential value was between -38.8 and -44.8 mV at 4, 25, and $40^{\circ}C$ in distilled water after eight weeks storage. Bioavailability of NQ20 was compared with a commercial coenzyme $Q_{10}$ in oil and water phases as emulsified form using male Sprague-Dawley rats. After single oral administration of each coenzyme $Q_{10}$ solution, the blood of rats was collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 12 h, and the concentrations of coenzyme $Q_{10}$ were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The plasma coenzyme $Q_{10}$ levels at 1, 2, and 12 h were significantly higher when the rats were administered NQ20 compared to coenzyme $Q_{10}$ in oil. The maximum plasma concentration ($C_{max}$) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) values for NQ20 were $1.10{\pm}0.18$ and $5.92{\pm}1.11mM{\cdot}h/mL$, whereas the $C_{max}$ and AUC of coenzyme $Q_{10}$ in oil were $0.79{\pm}0.07$ and $5.30{\pm}0.62mM{\cdot}h/mL$, respectively(p>0.05). Due to high absorbability and small particle size, NQ20 was found to have similar bioavailability to commercial coenzyme $Q_{10}$ in the oil phase. Results indicate applicability of NQ20 in the food industry, particularly in beverages.