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Lee, Song-Yi,Lee, Yong-Gyu,Byeon, Se-Eun,Han, So-Ryu,Choi, Sun-Shim,Kim, Ae-Ra,Lee, Jae-Hwi,Lee, Sang-Jin,Hong, Sung-Youl,Cho, Jae-Youl 대한약학회 2010 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.33 No.11
Sparassis crispa (SC) is an edible mushroom that harbours ${\beta}$-glucans reported to possess immunostimulatory and anticancer properties. The role of SC in regulating the functional activation of macrophages is yet to be fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the immune-stimulatory function of Sparassis crispa soluble ${\beta}$-glucan (Sc-SG) on macrophages. According to this study, Sc-SG was able to stimulate nitric oxide (NO) production as well as enhance the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) from macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells. NO production was strongly suppressed by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors such as U0126, extracellular signalregulated kinase, SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, and SP600125, a c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor. Thus, indicating that Sc-SG-induced NO release is possibly mediated by MAPK. Sc-SG induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and JNK in a timedependent manner. Moreover, Sc-SG triggered the phosphorylation and translocation of c-Jun and c-Fos, components of the transcription factor AP-1, activated by MAPK. The results of this study suggest that MAPK may be a major signaling enzyme that regulates the Sc-SG-mediated NO production in macrophages.
Ginsenoside F1 Modulates Cellular Responses of Skin Melanoma Cells
Yoo, Dae-Sung,Rho, Ho-Sik,Lee, Yong-Gyu,Yeom, Myung-Hun,Kim, Duck-Hee,Lee, Sang-Jin,Hong, Sung-Youl,Lee, Jae-Hwi,Cho, Jae-Youl The Korean Society of Ginseng 2011 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.35 No.1
Ginsenoside (G)-F1 is an enzymatic metabolite generated from G-Rg1. Although this metabolite has been reported to suppress platelet aggregation and to reduce gap junction-mediated intercellular communication, the modulatory activity of G-F1 on the functional role of skin-derived cells has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the regulatory role of G-F1 on the cellular responses of B16 melanoma cells. G-F1 strongly suppressed the proliferation of B16 cells up to 60% at 200 ${\mu}g/mL$, while only diminishing the viability of HEK293 cells up to 30%. Furthermore, G-F1 remarkably induced morphological change and clustering of B16 melanoma cells. The melanin production of B16 cells was also significantly blocked by G-F1 up to 70%. Interestingly, intracellular signaling events involved in cell proliferation, migration, and morphological change were up-regulated at 1 h incubation but down-regulated at 12 h. Therefore, our results suggest that G-F1 can be applied as a novel anti-skin cancer drug with anti-proliferative and anti-migration features.
Lee, Sang-Kil,Shin, Hyun-Woo,Kang, Myung-Joo,Cho, Seong-Wan,Cho, Jae-Youl,Lee, Jae-Hwi,Choi, Young-Wook The Korean Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and 2007 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.37 No.2
To develop topical nitroglycerin (NTG) preparation far chronic anal fissure treatment, the release rate of NTG should be controlled carefully. For this, microemulsion was prepared from the phase diagram construction with Cremophor ELP, ethanol and Labrafil $M1944CS^{(R)}$ and the topical gel was prepared by dispersing NTG containing microemulsion into hydrophilic polymers. in viかo release characteristics were evaluated with Franz diffusion cell using cellulose membrane and compared with control hydrogels. The release rate of NTG was followed $1^{st}$ order kinetics and, when comparing the NTG release from control hydrogel with that from the microemulsion-based hydrogel, the NTG release rate was controlled by the content of polymers within continuous phase and the concentration of dispersed phase.
C-단백 결핍에 의한 응고항진으로 발생한 폐동맥 혈전색전증
조준휘,박찬우,조병렬,최대희,조성준,이성호,황성오,안희철,안무업,서정열,유기철 대한응급의학회 2003 대한응급의학회지 Vol.14 No.1
A pulmonary thromboembolism usually results from a serious complication of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). However, several prothrombotic genetic risk factors are known to predispose a patient to thrombotic events, with manifestation at a young age. Protein C and S deficiencies are known to increase the risk of venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism. We report a case of a young patient with protein C and S deficiencies suffering from a massive pulmonary thromboembolism.
Kim, Ju-Hwi,Jang, Woo-Youl,Jung, Tae-Young,Kim, In-Young,Lee, Kyung-Hwa,Kang, Woo Dae,Kim, Seul-Kee,Moon, Kyung-Sub,Jung, Shin Williams & Wilkins Co 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.15
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Despite the advances in the microsurgical technique and anatomical understanding of the anterior and middle skull base, anterior clinoidal meningiomas are still challenging lesions to resect completely and safely due to their intimate relationship with vital neurovascular structures. We report predictive factors for tumor recurrence and postoperative complications based on surgical outcome of patients with anterior clinoidal meningiomas treated at our institution.</P><P>Fifty-nine consecutive patients with anterior clinoidal meningioma who were surgically treated between March, 1993, and July, 2015, were reviewed retrospectively. For microsurgical tumor removal, orbitocranial or orbitozygomatic (78.0%), extended pterional (15.3%) and subfrontal approach (6.8%) were performed.</P><P>The median follow-up duration was 54.1 months. Gross total resection (GTR, Simpson's grade I or II) was achieved in 38 patients (64.4%). The overall recurrence rate (new lesion in GTR cases and re-growth in non-GTR cases) was 18.6%. GTR (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.014, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001–0.256; <I>P</I> = .004), absence of internal feeder (HR 0.058, 95% CI 0.004–0.759; <I>P</I> = .030) and benign pathology (WHO grade I, HR 0.056, 95% CI 0.005–0.674; <I>P</I> = .023) were independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free. Fourteen patients (23.7%) developed permanent complications. The most common complication was cranial nerve injury (n = 6; 10.2%), followed by postoperative hemorrhage/infarction, hydrocephalus and infection. Larger size (≥ 40 mm) was significant as an independent predictive factor for permanent complication (HR 0.139, 95% CI 0.030–0.653; <I>P</I> = .012). Old age (≥60 years, <I>P</I> = .056) and peritumoral edema (thickness ≥ 5 mm, <I>P</I> = .303) did not reach statistical significance in multivariate analysis.</P><P>In surgical resection of anterior clinoidal meningiomas, various clinicoradiological factors were related with resection degree, complication, and progression rate. Although our results showed acceptable resection degree and morbidity, mortality, and recurrence rate, compared to the results of past, anterior clinoidal meningioma remain as neurosurgical challenges because of their close contact to critical vascular and neural structures.</P>
Shen, Ting,Lee, Jae-Hwi,Park, Myung-Hwan,Lee, Yong-Gyu,Rho, Ho-Sik,Kwak, Yi-Seong,Rhee, Man-Hee,Park, Yung-Chul,Cho, Jae-Youl 고려인삼학회 2011 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.35 No.2
Ginsenoside (G) $Rp_1$ is a ginseng saponin derivative with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we examined the mechanism by which G-$Rp_1$ inhibits inflammatory responses of cells. We did this using a strategy in which DNA constructs containing cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) promoters were transfected into HEK293 cells. G-$Rp_1$ strongly inhibited the promoter activities of COX-2 and iNOS; it also inhibited lipopolysaccharide induced upregulation of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA levels in RAW264.7 cells. In HEK293 cells G-$Rp_1$ did not suppress TANK binding kinase 1-, Toll-interleukin-1 receptor-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-${\beta}$ (TRIF)-, TRIF-related adaptor molecule (TRAM)-, or activation of interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3 and nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}$B by the myeloid differentiation primary response gene (MyD88)-induced. However, G-$Rp_1$ strongly suppressed NF-${\kappa}$B activation induced by I${\kappa}$B kinase (IKK)${\beta}$ in HEK293 cells. Consistent with these results, G-$Rp_1$ substantially inhibited IKK${\beta}$-induced phosphorylation of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and p65. These results suggest that G-$Rp_1$ is a novel anti-inflammatory ginsenoside analog that can be used to treat IKK${\beta}$/NF-${\kappa}$B-mediated inflammatory diseases.