Factors Affecting Climate Change Accounting Disclosure Among Saudi Publicly List Firms on the Saudi Stock Exchange Market

Asaad Mubarak Hussien MUSA(Asaad Mubarak Hussien MUSA ),Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi ABDELRAHEEM(Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi ABDELRAHEEM ),Abbas Abdelrahman ADAM(Abbas Abdelrahman ADAM ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.2

This study’s goal is to investigate the effects of board size, the number of annual board meetings, the profitability of the company, and the audit Committee on the disclosure of climate change in Saudi companies listed on the stock exchange. It was conducted to evaluate affecting some factors on carbon emissions by the regression model. The study uses the content analysis method. Data was collected from the annual and sustainability reports, and the platform database Refinitiv, an LSEG (London Stock Exchange Group Company) for the period 2018 to 2021. The study sample is 51 companies. The study findings showed Saudi Arabia saw its first significant overall drop in CO2 emissions with a 22.61 MtCO2 decline (3.93%) in 2018. The study revealed a positive connection between the size of the director’s board, and the disclosure of carbon emissions in Saudi firms listed on the stock market. While other factors are not related to the number of director’s board meetings, the audit committee, and the profitability of the company on the disclosure of carbon emissions in the Saudi companies listed on the stock exchange.

Swarm Satellite Observations of the 21 August 2017 Solar Eclipse

Hussien, Fayrouz,Ghamry, Essam,Fathy, Adel,Mahrous, Salah The Korean Space Science Society 2020 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.37 No.1

On 21 August 2017, during 16:49 UT and 20:02 UT period, a total solar eclipse started. The totality shadow occurred over the United States in time between ~17:15 UT and ~18:47 UT. When the solar radiation is blocked by the moon, observations of the ionospheric parameters will be important in the space weather community. Fortunately, during this eclipse, two Swarm satellites (A and C) flied at about 445 km through lunar penumbra at local noon of United States in the upper ionosphere. In this work, we investigate the effect of the solar eclipse on electron density, slant total electron content (STEC) and electron temperature using data from Swarm mission over United States. We use calibrated measurements of plasma density and electron temperature. Our results indicate that: (1) the electron density and STEC have a significant depletion associated with the eclipse; which could be due to dominance of dissociative recombination over photoionization caused by the reduction of ionizing extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation during the eclipse time (2) the electron temperature decreases, compared with a reference day, by up to ~150 K; which could be due to the decrease in photoelectron heating from reduced photoionization.

Reducing whirling motion in the lathe machine using houdaille damper

Hussien Mahmoud Al-Wedyan 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.1

An innovative modeling approach to reduce the whirling in the lathe machine using houdaille is presented by introducing the systemexcitation in the form of cutting forces between the cutting edge head and the workpiece. Houdaille damper is placed on the workpiece tominimize the whirling motion as much as possible. This involves nonhomogeneous boundary conditions with homogeneous equations. The mathematical modeling approach enabled us to solve the problem by modal analysis by transforming the problem into nonhomogeneousequations with homogenous boundary conditions. The proposed approach enables us to reduce the whirling motion at differentlocations on the cutting edge-workpiece system by different percentages.

An enhanced dynamic differential annealed algorithm for global optimization and feature selection

Hussien Abdelazim G,Kumar Sumit,Singh Simrandeep,Pan Jeng-Shyang,Hashim Fatma A 한국CDE학회 2024 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.11 No.1

Dynamic differential annealed optimization (DDAO) is a recently developed physics-based metaheuristic technique that mimics the classical simulated annealing mechanism. However, DDAO has limited search abilities, especially when solving complicated and complex problems. A unique variation of DDAO, dubbed as mDDAO, is developed in this study, in which opposition-based learning technique and a novel updating equation are combined with DDAO. mDDAO is tested on 10 different functions from CEC2020 and compared with the original DDAO and nine other algorithms. The proposed mDDAO algorithm performance is evaluated using 10 numerical constrained functions from the recently released CEC 2020 benchmark suite, which includes a variety of dimensionally challenging optimisation tasks. Furthermore, to measure its viability, mDDAO is employed to solve feature selection problems using fourteen UCI datasets and a real-life Lymphoma diagnosis problem. Results prove that mDDAO has a superior performance and consistently outperforms counterparts across benchmarks, achieving fitness improvements ranging from 1% to 99.99%. In feature selection, mDDAO excels by reducing feature count by 23% to 79% compared to other methods, enhancing computational efficiency and maintaining classification accuracy. Moreover, in lymphoma diagnosis, mDDAO demonstrates up to 54% higher average fitness, 18% accuracy improvement, and 86% faster computation times.

Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Egypt

Shaimaa Hussien,박복영 서울대학교 국제학연구소 2019 Journal of International and Area Studies Vol.26 No.2

Measuring poverty and targeting the poor is still challenging in many developing countries due to the absence of an agreed definition of poverty and the limited availability of data. Poor measurement and mal-targeting in anti-poverty policies makes those policies less effective. Egypt suffers from the problems because only a single dimension of poverty such as income is considered to measure and target poverty, while real poverty is multidimensional. Further, the access to those data is limited. This paper suggests a method of poverty measurement that enables us to consider the multi-dimensionality of poverty and circumvent the inaccessibility of household-level income data. First, we measure Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) for Egypt using a publicized dataset to show that the MPI gives a closer estimate of actual poverty. Second, we identify the characteristics of poor households by using the probit model to use the results for better targeting.

Vulnerability to human immunodeficiency virus infection and associated factors among married women in northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Asiya Hussien,Abdissa Boka,Asnake Fantu 한국여성건강간호학회 2022 여성건강간호학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Purpose: This study investigated the vulnerability to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and associated factors among married women in northwest Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey (n=657) was conducted from April 1 to 15, 2020, in Metema District, northwest Ethiopia, in four randomly selected kebele administrations (the lowest level of local government). The inclusion criteria were married women aged ≥18 years residing with their husbands. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with married women’s vulnerability to HIV infection.Results: Participants were on average 33.70±9.50 years and nearly one-fourth (n=148, 22.5%) were identified as vulnerable to HIV infection (i.e., experienced sexually transmitted disease symptoms or an extramarital affair of either spouse within the past 12 months). Only 18.9% reported sexual communication with their husband. Respondents who did not discuss the risk of HIV infection with their husbands had fivefold odds of vulnerability (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 5.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43–17.5). Those who did not have premarital sex (AOR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.05–0.77) had no worries about HIV infection (AOR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08–0.94), sufficient income (AOR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.16–0.86), and less than four children (AOR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50–0.97) had decreased odds of being vulnerable to HIV than their counterparts.Conclusion: Not discussing risk of HIV infection with husband was a major factor of vulnerability to HIV infection as was premarital sex, worry about HIV, income, and number of children. Measures to strengthen couple’s sexual communication and support economical stability is important for decreasing HIV vulnerability.

ANFIS Based Reinforcement Learning Strategy for Control A Nonlinear Coupled Tanks System

Mary Ali Hussien,Miry Abbas H.,Miry Mohammed H. 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.3

In this paper, a novel algorithm based machine learning technique for control nonlinear coupled tanks system is presented. An intelligent controller using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) based reinforcement learning is proposed (ANFIS-RL) by representing the nonlinear coupled tanks system as a Markov decision process. A model-free learning algorithm has been used to train a policy that controls the liquid level of the tanks system without the need to determine the dynamic model of the controlled system. Based on the optimal learned policy, which is approximated by ANFIS, the controlled system can perform the best action quickly based on the states of the system. Simulation results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

Sequential intrathecal injection of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine at different rates: does it make a difference? A randomized controlled trial

Rania M. Hussien,Amal H. Rabie 대한마취통증의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.72 No.2

Background: Previous studies have shown that sequential intrathecal injection of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine for cesarean section (CS) anesthesia provides a superior anesthetic effect than use of bupivacaine alone, and prolongs postoperative analgesia. Herein, we investigated whether rapid intrathecal injection of fentanyl followed by slow injection of hyperbaric bupivacaine affects the duration of postoperative analgesia, the effectiveness of anesthesia, and hemodynamic status. Methods: Fifty-six parturients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II, aged 18–40 years, and scheduled to undergo elective CS were randomly assigned to 2 groups of 28 patients each. The normal sequential group received sequential intrathecal injections of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine at the same rate, each with a 5 ml syringe. The rapid sequential group received a rapid intrathecal injection of fentanyl with an insulin syringe, followed by a slow injection of hyperbaric bupivacaine with a 5 ml syringe. The onset of sensory block, the timing of the first rescue analgesia, the doses of rescue analgesics, the degree of postoperative pain, the onset and duration of motor block, the incidence and duration of hypotension, and spinal anesthesia-related complications were recorded. Results: While both approaches had comparable spinal anesthesia-related complications, incidence and duration of hypotension, and doses of ephedrine, the rapid sequential group exhibited a more rapid onset of sensory block, a higher sensory level, and more prolonged postoperative analgesia. Conclusions: Rapid sequential injection of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine produced superior anesthesia and more prolonged postoperative analgesia than sequential injections of both at the same rate.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Earning Quality: Empirical Evidence from Commercial Banks in Saudi Arabia

MUSA, Asaad Mubarak Hussien,ABDELRAHEEM, Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.6

This study aims to investigate the impact of the Corona pandemic on the earning quality (EQ) of Saudi national banks. It was conducted to evaluate the measurement of the earning quality based on the Penman approach. The researchers used the analytical method to conduct the study to find the effect of this Pandemic. Data was collected from the annual reports for the period 2010 to 2020 from Saudi national banks, which are twelve according to the annual report for the Saudi central bank, and eight of them were selected as a sample of the study. The banks are Alinma Bank, Al Rajhi Bank, Bank Al Bilad, The National Commercial Bank, Bank Aljazeera, Riyad Bank, Samba Financial Group (Samba), and Arab National Bank. The study findings showed that the Corona pandemic had a negative impact on the Saudi economy, and led to deflation in 2020 by 4.1% due to the oil sector. They also showed reducing oil production by the (OPEC +) agreement to achieve stability in the oil market and the non-oil sector. It was also revealed that the profits of Saudi commercial banks in 2020 decreased by 23.1% and that the Corona pandemic had Caused the earning quality to decline in all the studied banks.

Endotracheal intubation in patients undergoing open abdominal surgery in the lateral position: a comparison between the intubating video stylet and fiberoptic intubating bronchoscopy

Wahdan Amr Samir,El-Refai Nesrine Abdel rahman,Omar Sohaila Hussien,Abdel Moneem Shady Amr,Mohamed Mennatallah Magdi,Hussien Mohamed Mahmoud 대한마취통증의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.74 No.3

Background: Some situations compel anesthetists to execute endotracheal intubation in the lateral position. We compared elective endotracheal intubation in the lateral decubitus position using the video stylet (VS) device with the fiberoptic (FO) bronchoscope device in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.Methods: Overall, 50 patients were enrolled in this prospective, randomized study. They were randomly classified into the VS intubation or FO intubating bronchoscope group. After anesthesia induction, patients were placed in the lateral decubitus position, and a single investigator well-versed with the use of the VS and FO bronchoscope performed the intubation. The primary outcome was the time taken for intubation. Secondary outcomes included the intubation success rate, hemodynamic response at specific time points and perioperative complications.Results: The average time taken for intubation was significantly lesser in the VS group than in the FO group, with values of 39.5 ± 10.0 and 75.6 ± 16.2 s, respectively (P < 0.001). Incidences of a successful first attempt of intubation in the VS and FO groups were 88% and 100%, respectively, showing no significant difference. There was a negligible difference in complications between the groups, except sore throat, which showed a higher incidence in the VS group than in the FO group (P = 0.002).Conclusions: In laterally positioned patients, elective endotracheal intubation with VS provides less intubation time; however, its use is accompanied by a significant increase in the hemodynamic response after intubation and an increased incidence of sore throat.