Flexible Hybrid Energy Cell for Simultaneously Harvesting Thermal, Mechanical, and Solar Energies

Yang, Ya,Zhang, Hulin,Zhu, Guang,Lee, Sangmin,Lin, Zong-Hong,Wang, Zhong Lin American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.1

<P>We report the first flexible hybrid energy cell that is capable of simultaneously or individually harvesting thermal, mechanical, and solar energies to power some electronic devices. For having both the pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties, a polarized poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) film-based nanogenerator (NG) was used to harvest thermal and mechanical energies. Using aligned ZnO nanowire arrays grown on the flexible polyester (PET) substrate, a ZnO–poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) heterojunction solar cell was designed for harvesting solar energy. By integrating the NGs and the solar cells, a hybrid energy cell was fabricated to simultaneously harvest three different types of energies. With the use of a Li-ion battery as the energy storage, the harvested energy can drive four red light-emitting diodes (LEDs).</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-1/nn305247x/production/images/medium/nn-2012-05247x_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn305247x'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

1-Aminoanthraquinone Diazonium Salt on the Coupling Modification Dyeing of Silk Fibroin with Enhanced Color Fastness

Zongqian Wang,Changlong Li,Hulin Zhang,Zhi Liu 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.10

Chromophore incorporated into the protein chains through residue modification on silk fibroin will be an important way to get new dyeing technology with improved color fastness. Herein, 1-aminoanthraquinone diazonium salt was prepared and used for the modified dyeing on tyrosine of silk fibroin. The silk after modified dyeing was measured by UV-Vis, FTIR, MS, 1H-NMR, Data color, and other testing techniques. Interestingly, the resulting silk showed excellent rub and wash fastness. The enhanced color fastness is contributed by an electrophilic substitution reaction between 1- aminoanthraquinone diazonium salt and the ortho position of phenolic hydroxyl in tyrosine molecular. Moreover, the mechanical property of silk was protected effectively by the mild coupling modified dyeing, better than the traditional acid dyeing under high temperature for a long time. This facile strategy provides an alternative approach to silk dyeing and benefits the silk applications.

Effects of Cesium Salts on the Electrical Conductivity of the Weakly Ionized Gas in a Hypersonic MHD Channel

Hao Li,Peng Lu,Hulin Huang,Yining Zhang,Chenyuan Liu 한국항공우주학회 2023 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.24 No.5

To adequately utilize the high enthalpy of the weakly ionized gas and improve the performance of the magnetohydrodynamic generator (MHDG) in a hypersonic channel, cesium salts are homogeneously injected into the gas at the entrance of the MHD channel for elevating the gas electrical conductivity. The finite rate chemical dynamics and multi-species electrical conductivity model for seven-species (N2, O2, N, O, NO, NO+, e−) were adopted to simulate the electrical conductivity of the weakly ionized gas under different magnetic fields. The results demonstrate that the electrical conductivity of the weakly ionized gas with cesium salts is significantly higher than that without cesium salts due to two positive contributions of cesium salts, one is that a portion cesium atom ionize much more electrons, and the second is that cesium salts reduce the activation energy of N + O <-> NO + e− by 3.5 times, which accelerates the production rate of electrons. The electrical conductivity of the gas with cesium salts is decreased monotonically along the flow direction, which is contrary to the trend of that without cesium salts. The variation of the collision frequency plays a crucial role in the electrical conductivity of the gas without cesium salts, nevertheless, this effect is marginal on the gas with cesium salts. The magnetic fields have negative impacts on the electrical conductivity of the gas with/without cesium salts. Additionally, the MHDG power generation efficiency is augmented with B for the gas with cesium salts, whereas the trend is reversed for that without cesium salts.

Preparation and Catalytic Performance of Amidoximated Polyacrylonitrile Bimodal Nanofiber Iron Complexes

Fu Li,Pengfei Fei,Yongchun Dong,Man Zhang,Yu Feng,Shuqiang Liu,Lu Jia,Hulin Zhang,Zhen Ni 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.5

To balance the specific surface area and porous structure of nanofibrous heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for therapid transfer of dye molecules during dye-containing wastewater treatment, a polyacrylonitrile nanofiber with bimodaldiameter distribution (n-PAN-D) was prepared and amidoximated, followed by coordinating with Fe3+ ion (Fe-AO-n-PAND). The modification and coordination process hardly changed the fiber morphology and bimodal diameter distribution ofnanofiber membrane. The amidoximated degree of n-PAN-D increased with the increase of the diameter difference, and thecoordination ability of amidoximated n-PAN-D decreased with increasing the diameter difference. Fe-AO-n-PAN-D hadbetter catalytic activity than those with similar thick or thin nanofiber diameters due to the rapid mass transfer of dyemolecules in the catalyst. The possible oxidation and degradation pathway of Reactive Red 195 in the Fe-AO-n-PAN-D/H2O2system was proposed. And the series of reactions may not gradually occur because of the non-selective oxidation of ·OH. Thegood reusability of Fe-AO-n-PAN-D made it potential carrier for heterogeneous Fenton catalyst in wastewater treatment.

Spectral tomographic analysis of Bremsstrahlung X-rays generated in a laser-produced plasma

Rhee, Y.J.,Nam, S.M.,Peebles, J.,Sawada, H.,Wei, M.,Vaisseau, X.,Sasaki, T.,Giuffrida, L.,Hulin, S.,Vauzour, B.,Santos, J.J.,Batani, D.,McLean, H.S.,Patel, P.K.,Li, Y.T.,Yuan, D.W.,Zhang, K.,Zhong, J. Cambridge University Press 2016 Laser and particle beams Vol.34 No.4

<B>Abstract</B><P>A new approach is proposed to analyze Bremsstrahlung X-rays that are emitted from laser-produced plasmas (LPP) and are measured by a stack type spectrometer. This new method is based on a spectral tomographic reconstruction concept with the variational principle for optimization, without referring to the electron energy distribution of a plasma. This approach is applied to the analysis of some experimental data obtained at a few major laser facilities to demonstrate the applicability of the method. Slope temperatures of X-rays from LPP are determined with a two-temperature model, showing different spectral characteristics of X-rays depending on laser properties used in the experiments.</P>

The Influence of Bcl-3 Expression on Cell Migration and Chemosensitivity of Gastric Cancer Cells via Regulating Hypoxia-Induced Protective Autophagy

Hu, Lin,Bai, Zhigang,Ma, Xuemei,Bai, Nan,Zhang, Zhongtao The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2020 Journal of gastric cancer Vol. No.

Purpose: Gastric cancer is a highly metastatic malignant tumor, often characterized by chemoresistance and high mortality. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of B-cell lymphoma 3 (Bcl-3) protein on cell migration and chemosensitivity of gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The gastric cancer cell lines, AGS and NCI-N87, were used for the in vitro studies and the in vivo studies were performed using BALB/c nude mice. Western blotting, wound healing assay, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, immunohistochemistry, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay were used to evaluate the role of Bcl-3 in gastric cancer. Results: We found that the protein expression of hypoxia (HYP)-inducible factor-1α and Bcl-3 were markedly upregulated under hypoxic conditions in both AGS and NCI-N87 cells in a time-dependent manner. Interestingly, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of Bcl-3 expression affected the migration and chemosensitivity of the gastric cancer cells. AGS and NCI-N87 cells transfected with si-RNA-Bcl-3 (si-Bcl-3) showed significantly reduced migratory ability and increased chemosensitivity to oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and irinotecan. In addition, si-Bcl-3 restored the autophagy induced by HYP. Further, the protective role of si-Bcl-3 on the gastric cancer cells could be reversed by the autophagy inducer, rapamycin. Importantly, the in vivo xenograft tumor experiments showed similar results. Conclusions: Our present study reveals that Bcl-3 knockdown inhibits cell migration and chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells through restoring HYP-induced autophagy.