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Adaptive Nonsingular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Guidance Law with Impact Angle Constraints
Shen-Min Song,Junhong Song,Huibo Zhou 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2016 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.14 No.1
This paper considers the terminal guidance problem of missiles intercepting maneuvering targets withimpact angle constraints. Based on an advanced nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control scheme and adaptivecontrol, an adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode guidance law is proposed in the presence of the targetacceleration as an unknown bounded external disturbance. In the design procedure, an adaptive law is presentedto estimate the unknown upper bound of the external disturbance. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposedguidance law can guarantee the finite-time convergence in both the reaching phase and the sliding phase by applyinga Lyapunov-based approach. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposedguidance law. Although the proposed guidance law is developed for the constant speed missiles, by the extensivenumerical simulations with a realistic missile model, the performance is shown to be equally good for the varyingspeed missiles.
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Fengwei Nan,Guibo Sun,Xiaobo Sun,Weijie Xie,Ting Zhu,Ping Zhou,Huibo Xu,Xiangbao Meng,Tao Ding The Korean Society of Ginseng 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.2
Background: Due to the interrupted blood supply in cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), ischemic and hypoxia results in neuronal depolarization, insufficient NAD+, excessive levels of ROS, mitochondrial damages, and energy metabolism disorders, which triggers the ischemic cascades. Currently, improvement of mitochondrial functions and energy metabolism is as a vital therapeutic target and clinical strategy. Hence, it is greatly crucial to look for neuroprotective natural agents with mitochondria protection actions and explore the mediated targets for treating CIS. In the previous study, notoginseng leaf triterpenes (PNGL) from Panax notoginseng stems and leaves was demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the potential mechanisms have been not completely elaborate. Methods: The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) was adopted to verify the neuroprotective effects and potential pharmacology mechanisms of PNGL in vivo. Antioxidant markers were evaluated by kit detection. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by ATP content measurement, ATPase, NAD and NADH kits. And the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and pathological staining (H&E and Nissl) were used to detect cerebral morphological changes and mitochondrial structural damages. Western blotting, ELISA and immunofluorescence assay were utilized to explore the mitochondrial protection effects and its related mechanisms in vivo. Results: In vivo, treatment with PNGL markedly reduced excessive oxidative stress, inhibited mitochondrial injury, alleviated energy metabolism dysfunction, decreased neuronal loss and apoptosis, and thus notedly raised neuronal survival under ischemia and hypoxia. Meanwhile, PNGL significantly increased the expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) in the ischemic regions, and regulated its related downstream SIRT1/2/3-MnSOD/PGC-1α pathways. Conclusion: The study finds that the mitochondrial protective effects of PNGL are associated with the NAMPT-SIRT1/2/3-MnSOD/PGC-1α signal pathways. PNGL, as a novel candidate drug, has great application prospects for preventing and treating ischemic stroke.
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