Hong JeongHa's Tianyuanshu and Zhengcheng Kaifangfa

홍성사,홍영희,김영욱,Hong, Sung Sa,Hong, Young Hee,Kim, Young Wook The Korean Society for History of Mathematics 2014 Journal for history of mathematics Vol.27 No.3

Tianyuanshu and Zengcheng Kaifangfa introduced in the Song-Yuan dynasties and their contribution to the theory of equations are one of the most important achievements in the history of Chinese mathematics. Furthermore, they became the most fundamental subject in the history of East Asian mathematics as well. The operations, or the mathematical structure of polynomials have been overlooked by traditional mathematics books. Investigation of GuIlJib (九一集) of Joseon mathematician Hong JeongHa reveals that Hong's approach to polynomials is highly structural. For the expansion of $\prod_{k=11}^{n}(x+a_k)$, Hong invented a new method which we name Hong JeongHa's synthetic expansion. Using this, he reveals that the processes in Zhengcheng Kaifangfa is not synthetic division but synthetic expansion.

Chosun Mathematics in the early 18th century

홍성사,홍영희,Hong, Sung-Sa,Hong, Young-Hee The Korean Society for History of Mathematics 2012 Journal for history of mathematics Vol.25 No.2

1592년과 1636년 양대 전란으로 전통적인 조선 산학의 결과는 거의 소멸되어, 17세기 중엽 조선 산학은 새로 시작할 수밖에 없었다. 조선은 같은 시기에 청으로 부터 도입된 시헌력(時憲曆, 1645)을 이해하기 위하여 서양수학에 관련된 자료를 수입하기 시작하였다. 한편 전통 산학을 위하여 김시진(金始振, 1618-1667)은 산학계몽(算學啓蒙, 1299)을 중간(重刊)하였다. 이들의 영향으로 이루어진 조태구(趙泰耉, 1660-1723)의 주서관견(籌書管見)과 홍정하(洪正夏, 1684-?)의 구일집(九一集)을 함께 조사하여 이들이 조선 산학의 발전에 새로운 전기를 마련한 것을 보인다. After disastrous foreign invasions in 1592 and 1636, Chosun lost most of the traditional mathematical works and needed to revive its mathematics. The new calendar system, ShiXianLi(時憲曆, 1645), was brought into Chosun in the same year. In order to understand the system, Chosun imported books related to western mathematics. For the traditional mathematics, Kim Si Jin(金始振, 1618-1667) republished SuanXue QiMeng(算學啓蒙, 1299) in 1660. We discuss the works by two great mathematicians of early 18th century, Cho Tae Gu(趙泰耉, 1660-1723) and Hong Jung Ha(洪正夏, 1684-?) and then conclude that Cho's JuSeoGwanGyun(籌 書管見) and Hong's GuIlJib(九一集) became a real breakthrough for the second half of the history of Chosun mathematics.

Identification and Quantification of Endogenous Plant β-glucosidase in Transgenic Rice Cells

Hong-Yeol CHOI,Seung-Hoon KANG,Hyung-Jin NAM,Youn-Kyung SUNG,Sun-Mi LEE,Sa-Ra TAK,Dong-Il KIM 한국생물공학회 2014 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.4

홍길주(洪吉周)의 대수학(代數學)

홍성사,홍영희,Hong, Sung-Sa,Hong, Young-Hee 한국수학사학회 2008 Journal for history of mathematics Vol.21 No.4

이 논문은 홍길주(洪吉周)$(1786{\sim}1841)$의 기하신설(幾何新說)에 들어 있는 대수학 분야를 조사하여 홍길주(洪吉周)의 대수학을 구조적으로 분석한다. 쌍추억산(雙推臆算)은 수리정온(數理精蘊)의 첩차호징(疊借互徵)으로 이에 대한 문제를 추가한 것이고, 개방몽구(開方蒙求)에서 완전제곱수부터 완전다섯제곱수를 급수로 나타내는 등식(等式)을 얻어내었다. 잡쇄수초에서, 정수환(整數環) Z의 상환(商環) Z/(9)를 도입하여 합동방정식을 해결하고, 마지막으로 황금비(黃金比)의 성질을 기하적으로 규명하였다. In this paper, we investigate the part dealing with algebra in Hong Gil Ju's GiHaSinSul to analyze his algebraic structure. The book consists of three parts. In the first part SangChuEokSan, he just renames Die jie hu zheng(疊借互徵) in Shu li jing yun to SangChuEokSan and adds a few examples. In the second part GaeBangMongGu, he obtains the following identities: $$n^2=n(n-1)+n=2S_{n-1}^1+S_n^0;\;n^3=n(n-1)(n+1)+n=6S_{n-1}^2+S_n^0$$; $$n^4=(n-1)n^2(n+1)+n(n-1)+n=12T_{n-1}^2+2S_{n-1}^1+S_n^0$$; $$n^5=2\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}5S_k^1(1+S_k^1)+S_n^0$$ where $S_n^0=n,\;S_n^{m+1}={\sum}_{k=1}^nS_k^m,\;T_n^1={\sum}_{k=1}^nk^2,\;and\;T_n^2={\sum}_{k=1}^nT_k^1$, and then applies these identities to find the nth roots $(2{\leq}n{\leq}5)$. Finally in JabSwoeSuCho, he introduces the quotient ring Z/(9) of the ring Z of integers to solve a system of congruence equations and also establishes a geometric procedure to obtain golden sections from a given one.

Injection of porous polycaprolactone beads containing autologous myoblasts in a dog model of fecal incontinence

Sung-Bum Kang,Hye Seung Lee,Jae-Young Lim,Se Heang Oh,Sang Joon Kim,Sa-Min Hong,Je-Ho Jang,Jeong-Eun Cho,Sung-Min Lee,Jin Ho Lee 대한외과학회 2013 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.84 No.4

Purpose: Few studies have examined whether bioengineering can improve fecal incontinence. This study designed to determine whether injection of porous polycaprolactone beads containing autologous myoblasts improves sphincter function in a dog model of fecal incontinence. Methods: The anal sphincter of dogs was injured and the dogs were observed without and with (n = 5) the injection of porous polycaprolactone beads containing autologous myoblasts into the site of injury. Autologous myoblasts purified from the gastrocnemius muscles were transferred to the beads. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) of the pudendal nerve, anal sphincter pressure, and histopathology were determined 3 months after treatment. Results: The amplitudes of the CMAP in the injured sphincter were significantly lower than those measured before injury (1.22 mV vs. 3.00 mV, P = 0.04). The amplitudes were not different between dogs with and without the injection of autologous myoblast beads (P = 0.49). Resting and squeezing pressures were higher in dogs treated with autologous myoblast beads (2.00 mmHg vs. 1.80 mmHg; 6.13 mmHg vs. 4.02 mmHg), although these differences were not significant in analyses of covariance adjusted for baseline values. The injection site was stained for smooth muscle actin, but showed evidence of foreign body inflammatory reactions. Conclusion: This was the first study to examine whether bioengineering could improve fecal incontinence. Although the results did not show definite evidence that injection of autologous myoblast beads improves sphincter function, we found that the dog model was suitable and reliable for studying the effects of a potential treatment modality for fecal incontinence.

Comparison of Culture Methods for hCTLA4Ig Production Using Transgenic Rice Cell Suspensions

Hong-Yeol CHOI,Jun-Young KWON,Hyung-Jin NAM,Min-Sub KIM,Youn-Kyung SUNG,Sun-Mi LEE,Sa-Ra TAK,Dong-Il KIM 한국생물공학회 2013 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.10

Laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy versus duodenal stenting in unresectable gastric cancer with gastric outletobstruction

Sa-Hong Min,Sang-Yong Son,Do-Hyun Jung,Chang-Min Lee,Sang-Hoon Ahn,Do Joong Park,Hyung-Ho Kim 대한외과학회 2017 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.93 No.3

Purpose: To compare the outcome between laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy (LapGJ) and duodenal stenting (DS) in terms of oral intake, nutritional status, patency duration, effect on chemotherapy and survival. Methods: Medical records of 115 patients, who had LapGJ or duodenal stent placement between July 2005 and September 2015 in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, have been reviewed retrospectively. Oral intake was measured with Gastric Outlet Obstruction Scoring System. Serum albumin and body weight was measured as indicators of nutritional status. The duration of patency was measured until the date of reintervention. Chemotherapy effect was calculated after the procedures. Survival period and oral intake was analyzed by propensity score matching age, sex, T-stage, comorbidities, and chemotherapy status. Results: Forty-three LapGJ patients and 58 DS patients were enrolled. Improvement in oral intake was shown in LapGJ group versus DS group (88% vs. 59%, P = 0.011). Serum albumin showed slight but significant increase after LapGJ (+0.75 mg/dL vs. -0.15 mg/dL, P = 0.002); however, there was no difference in their body weight (+5.1 kg vs. -1.0 kg, P = 0.670). Patients tolerated chemotherapy longer without dosage reduction after LapGJ (243 days vs. 74 days, P = 0.006) and maintained the entire chemotherapy regimen after the procedure longer in LapGJ group (247 days vs. 137 days, P = 0.042). LapGJ showed significantly longer survival than DS (220 vs. 114 days, P = 0.004). Conclusion: DS can provide faster symptom relief but LapGJ can provide improved oral intake, better compliance to chemotherapy, and longer survival. Therefore, LapGJ should be the first choice in gastric outlet obstruction patients for long-term and better quality of life.

홍정하(洪正夏)의 수론(數論)

홍성사,홍영희,김창일,Hong, Sung-Sa,Hong, Young-Hee,Kim, Chang-Il 한국수학사학회 2011 Journal for history of mathematics Vol.24 No.4

조선의 가장 위대한 산학자 홍정하(洪正夏)의 저서 $\ll$구일집(九一集)$\gg$(1724)에 들어있는 최소공배수를 구하는 법을 조사하여 홍정하의 수론에 대한 업적을 밝혀낸다. 홍정하는 두 자연수 a, b의 최대공약수 d와 최소공배수 l 에 대하여 l = $a\frac{b}{d}$=$b\frac{a}{d}$, $\frac{a}{d}$, $\frac{b}{d}$는 서로 소인 것을 인지하여, 자연수 $a_1,\;a_2,{\ldots},a_n$의 최대공약수 D에 대하여, $\frac{a_i}{D}$($1{\leq}i{\leq}n$)도 서로 소이고, 이들의 최소공배수 L도 서로 소인 $c_i(1{\leq}i{\leq}n)$가 존재하여 L = $a_ic_i(1{\leq}i{\leq}n)$임을 보였다. 이 결과는 조선에서 얻어낸 수론에 관한 수학적 업적 중에 가장 뛰어난 것 중의 하나이다. 홍정하가 수학적 구조를 밝혀내는 과정을 드러내는 것이 이 논문의 목적이다. We investigate a method to find the least common multiples of numbers in the mathematics book GuIlJib(구일집(九一集), 1724) written by the greatest mathematician Hong Jung Ha(홍정하(洪正夏), 1684~?) in Chosun dynasty and then show his achievement on Number Theory. He first noticed that for the greatest common divisor d and the least common multiple l of two natural numbers a, b, l = $a\frac{b}{d}$ = $b\frac{a}{d}$ and $\frac{a}{d}$, $\frac{b}{d}$ are relatively prime and then obtained that for natural numbers $a_1,\;a_2,{\ldots},a_n$, their greatest common divisor D and least common multiple L, $\frac{ai}{D}$($1{\leq}i{\leq}n$) are relatively prime and there are relatively prime numbers $c_i(1{\leq}i{\leq}n)$ with L = $a_ic_i(1{\leq}i{\leq}n)$. The result is one of the most prominent mathematical results Number Theory in Chosun dynasty. The purpose of this paper is to show a process for Hong Jung Ha to capture and reveal a mathematical structure in the theory.

Comparative Study of Water-Impact Problem for Ship Section and Wedge Drops

Hong, Sa Young,Kim, Kyong-Hwan,Hwang, Sung Chul International Society of Offshore and Polar Engine 2017 International journal of offshore and polar engine Vol.27 No.2

<P>A comparative study of a water-entry problem was conducted as a focused session of ISOPE-2016, Rhodes by the International Hydrodynamic Committee (IHC) of ISOPE. Thirteen institutions participated, and twenty different numerical results were investigated and compared with one another and with model test data. Some promising results were obtained even though there is still a long way to go to draw general conclusions. Four numerical cases were investigated, and several measures of comparison have been discussed.</P>

Effects of the Crystalline Properties on the Dielectric Performances in Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 Thin Films

Sa Hwan Hong,박배호,Dal-Hyun Kim,In Rok Hwang,Jin Ho Lee,Jin Sik Choi,Sang Ho Jeon,Sang Hoon Kim,Seung Eon Moon,강성웅,Vadim Yalishev,Young ill Kim 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.2

The ferroelectric material Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BST) is a most interesting material due to its large dielectric-constant change with the applied DC electric field. In order to apply BST films to tunable devices compatible with conventional Si-based electronic devices, we need BST films with high tunability, low dielectric loss, and low temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC). We deposited epitaxial BST thin films on LaAlO₃(LAO) single-crystal substrates at 750℃ by using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Then, we treated the BST films by using a rapid thermal process for 3 min at 750℃ in an O₂ atmosphere. After the annealing process, the BST films showed enhanced dielectric properties, such as increased tunability values and decreased dielectric loss. These annealing effects on the dielectric performances are ascribed to an elongated in-plane lattice constant accompanying a strain relaxation and increased grain size. The ferroelectric material Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BST) is a most interesting material due to its large dielectric-constant change with the applied DC electric field. In order to apply BST films to tunable devices compatible with conventional Si-based electronic devices, we need BST films with high tunability, low dielectric loss, and low temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC). We deposited epitaxial BST thin films on LaAlO₃(LAO) single-crystal substrates at 750℃ by using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Then, we treated the BST films by using a rapid thermal process for 3 min at 750℃ in an O₂ atmosphere. After the annealing process, the BST films showed enhanced dielectric properties, such as increased tunability values and decreased dielectric loss. These annealing effects on the dielectric performances are ascribed to an elongated in-plane lattice constant accompanying a strain relaxation and increased grain size.