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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Hironori Akiyama (검색결과 2 건)
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Evaluation of MAPK pathway activation in brainstem induced by the masseter muscle inflammation
Michiko Nakatsuka,Shunji Kumabe,Shoko Gamoh,Hironori Akiyama,주성숙,김지연,Katsura Ueda,Yoshifumi Matsuda,Kimishige Shimizutani,신제원,Yasutomo Iwai 대한구강해부학회 2014 대한구강해부학회지 Vol.35 No.1
To evaluate the inflammatory hyperalgesia induced by noxious stimulation of the masticatory muscles, we performed an immunohistochemical study on the expressions of phosphorylated-p38 (p-p38) mitogen activated-protein kinase (MAPK) and the distribution of activated microglia in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc). The left masseter muscle (LMM) of Sprague Dawley rats (male, 250 g, n=60) was stimulated in the following methods: 1) L-L group (control); the LMM was injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 μg/kg, 100μl) on the 1st day of the experiment. On day 2, the same site was injected with the LPS again. 2) L-S6 group (experimental); the LMM was injected with LPS (2 μg/kg, 100μl) on the 1st day of the experiment. On day 2, the same site was injected with 6 % sodium chloride solution (S6, 100 μl, 5 times per 90 min). Rats were allowed to survive for 1 day, 7 days or 14 days after the last injection. The brainstems were dissected and cut with a cryostat (at 30 μm thickness). These specimens were investigated with anti-TNFα (masseter muscle), the bradykinin receptor B2 (BKRB2, masseter muscle), anti-p-p38 MAPK (brainstem) and anti-Iba1 (ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1: Iba1, a marker for microglial activity; brainstem) enzyme-labeled antibody method. The specimens were observed and evaluated using a light microscope(LM) mounted with an Olympus FX380 3CCD digital camera system connected with a FLvFs software (Flovel Image Filling System, Tokyo, Japan). In both groups, the TNF-α and the BKRB2-immunoreactive (IR) cells were observed until 7 days after stimulation. In the experimental group, the LM histology indicates that p-p38 MAPK and Iba1-IR cells were particularly localized in the left Vc until 14 days after stimulation. In the experimental group, 7 days or 14 days after nociception, the p-p38 MAPK-IR cells were recognized in the contralateral and ipsilateral in the Vc. The results suggest that the prolonged MAPK activity in the Vc is related to central sensitization in chronic pain of the masseter muscle.
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Ken Yoshida,Hideya Yamazaki,Satoaki Nakamura,Koji Masui,Tadayuki Kotsuma,Hironori Akiyama,Eiichi Tanaka,Nobuhiko Yoshikawa,Yasuo Uesugi,Taiju Shimbo,Yoshifumi Narumi,Yasuo Yoshioka 대한부인종양학회 2015 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.26 No.3
Objective: To assess actual rates of late vaginal stenosis and identify predisposing factors for complications among patients with previously untreated cervical cancer following high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Methods: We performed longitudinal analyses of 57 patients using the modified Dische score at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 60 months after treatment, which consisted of 15 interstitial brachytherapys and 42 conventional intracavitary brachytherapys, with a median follow-up time of 36 months (range, 6 to 144 months). Results: More than half of the patients developed grade 1 (mild) vaginal stenosis within the first year of follow-up, and grade 2 (97.5%, moderate) to grade 3 (severe) stenosis gradually increased with time. Actual stenosis rates for grade 1, 2, and 3 were 97.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 92.7 to 97.5), 60.7% (95% CI, 42.2 to 79.3), and 7.4% (95% CI, 0 to 18.4) at 3 years after treatment. Pallor reaction grade 2–3 at 6 months was only a statistically significant predisposing factor for grade 2–3 late vaginal stenosis 3 years or later with a hazard ratio of 3.48 (95% CI, 1.32 to 9.19; p=0.018) by a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Patients with grade 0–1 pallor reaction at 6 months showed a grade ≥2 vaginal stenosis rate of 53%, whereas the grade 2–3 pallor reaction group achieved a grade ≥2 vaginal stenosis rate at 3 years at 100% (p=0.001). Conclusion: High-dose-rate brachytherapy was associated with high incidence of late vaginal stenosis. Pallor reaction grade 2–3 at 6 months was predictive of late grade 2–3 vaginal stenosis at 3 years after treatment. These findings should prove helpful for patient counseling and preventive intervention.
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