담양호, 광주호 유역의 삼림생태계에서 중금속 함량 비교

崔英燮,曺熙枓 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1998 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.33 No.-

본 연구는 광주에서 약 25km 떨어져 있는 담양호와 광주시에 인접해 있는 광주호의 삼림유역에서 수목이 중금속을 흡수하는 양을 파악하기 위하여 소나무와 굴참나무의 엽과 뿌리, 삼림토양의 단면 중에서 L층, F층, A층에 함유된 중금속 함량과 강우, 호소수, 하천수의 중금속 함량을 ICP-AES에 의하여 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 중금속중에서 대기와 토양오염과 밀접한 관련이 있고 동·식물의 생장 및 생육에 영향을 미치는 Mo, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cd, Mn, Cr, Cu로 제한하여 측정 분석하여 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 1. 생장초기의 중금속 함량은 각각 중금속이 미량으로 나타나며 원소에 따라 약간의 차이는 있으나 Mn과 Pb는 삼림토양 단면(L, F, A층)에서 높게 나타났다. 2. 생장말기의 중금속 함량은 각각 중금속이 미량으로 나타나는데 Mn과 Pb는 삼림토양 보다는 수목에서 높게 나타났는데 이는 토양에 함유된 Mn, Pb를 흡수하여 수목의 뿌리나 잎에 축적되었기 때문이다. 따라서 낙엽인 L 층에도 Mn과 Pb가 다량 함유되어 있다. 3. 뿌리를 통해서 흡수된 중금속은 잎에 집적되었다가 낙엽으로 다시 토양에 공급되는데 토양에 공급된 중금속과 토양생성과정에서 모암에서 생성된 중금속이 강우에 의하여 호수에 유입된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 5월과 9월에 담양호와 광주호의 호소수에 중금속의 함량이 적은 것은 호소수가 하천수로 유출되어서 희석된 결과라고 사료된다. 4. 강우 역시 5월과 9월에 담양호와 광주호 삼림유역에서 중금속의 함량에 큰 차이가 없는 것은 광주시에 인접되어 있는 광주호가 도시매연이나 자동차 배기가스 등 오염물질의 영향을 받지 않은 결과라고 사료된다. 5. 생장초기는 삼림토양에 다량 축적된 중금속류가 생장말기에 이르러서는 수목의 잎과 뿌리로 다량 흡수함을 알 수 있는데 강우에 중금속류가 소량 측정되어 대기오염물질이 엽을 통한 직접 흡수보다는 뿌리를 통해 엽으로 이동된 것으로 생각된다. 6. 광주호 삼림유역은 광주시에 인접해 있으므로 도시매연이나 자동차 배기가스 등의 영향을 많이 받아 강우나 호소수, 수목의 뿌리, 잎, 토양단면에 중금속이 담양호 삼림유역보다 더 많이 측정되리라고 생각하였으나, Mn과 Pb에서 생장초기에는 담양호 삼림유역의 소나무의 잎과 뿌리에서 더 많이 측정되었고, 생장말기에는 광주호 삼림유역의 굴참나무의 잎과 뿌리에서 높게 나타났다. This study was to compare the concentrations of heavy metals absorbed in Pinus densiflora with those absorbed in Quercus variabilis, by analysing with ICP-AES the concentrations of heavy metals in leaves and fine roots of both trees, the concentrations in L layer, in F layer, and in A horizon of soil profile, and the concentrations in rainfall, in lake water and in streams in the above both forest ecosystem of the Tamyang lake and Kwangju lake watershed. The selected heavy metals were Mo, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cd, Mn, Cr, Cu, closely related with the air pollution and soil contamination, and essential for the growth of both plants and animals. the samples were collected at the early period of growth on may, 1997 and at the closing period of growth on september, 1997. 1. In early period of growth, the concentrations of Mn, Pb were very much higher than those of others in L, F layer and A horizons of soils profile. But in the closing period of growth, the amounts of Mn, Pb were included more in the trees than in the soils. This was considered as the results of accumulating in the tree tissues after absorbing the heavy metals from soils. But very little contents of other heavy metals were included in the profile and in the trees in the early period or in the closing period of growth. 2. The movement of heavy metals cycled from the soils to the plants through the absorption of the metals with other nutrients and adversely from the fallen leaves of plants to the soils. The heavy metals derived from the plant residues and the parent rocks put in the lake and stream by rainfall. The concentration of heavy metals generally were in low both lake water of Tamyang lake and Kwangju lake, because both lake water were diluted by rain water or stream water. 3. There was no great difference in the concentrations of heavy metals included in rainfall of both Tamyang lake and Kwangju lake watershed and there was no any evidence affected to the both areas by the atmospheric pollution of Kwangju city.

Downsizing gas sensors based on semiconducting metal oxide: Effects of electrodes on gas sensing properties

Song, Young Geun,Shim, Young-Seok,Kim, Sangtae,Han, Soo Deok,Moon, Hi Gyu,Noh, Myoung Sub,Lee, Kwangjae,Lee, Hae Ryong,Kim, Jin-Sang,Ju, Byeong-Kwon,Kang, Chong-Yun Elsevier Sequoia 2017 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.248 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report the highly sensitive and selective downsized gas sensors for the IoT application. Sensing areas of Pt-interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) were varied to investigate the relation between sensing materials and electrodes. In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanocolumns were deposited on the pre-patterned Pt IDEs using glancing angle deposition (GLAD). The effect of the interface resistance between electrodes and sensing materials, and the intergrain resistance between nanocolumns is analyzed by linear regression at different sensing area and incident angle of GLAD. In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> (angle: 85°, sensing area: 0.3mm×0.3mm) nanocolumns with double Schottky barriers show the highest response and selectivity with fast response time of 10s to VOCs among the samples fabricated in this study. The analysis reveals that the intrinsic response of In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> (angle: 85°, sensing area: 0.3mm×0.3mm) nanocolumns are dominantly affected by intergrain resistance, resulting in a high response. Our demonstration for the fundamental aspect of downsizing gas sensor makes an important contribution to the chemical sensor field with broad interest.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The sensing areas are varied to investigate the relation between sensing materials and electrodes. </LI> <LI> The effect of the interface resistance and the intergrain resistance are analyzed by linear regression. </LI> <LI> The performance of the downsizing gas sensor is greatly influenced by the interface resistance. </LI> </UL> </P>

SONOS-Type Flash Memory with HfO₂ Thinner than 4nm as Trapping Layer Using Atomic Layer Deposition

OH, Jae Sub,CHOI, Kwang Il,KIM, Young Su,KANG, Min Ho,SONG, Myeong Ho,LIM, Sung Kyu,YOO, Dong Eun,PARK, Jeong Gyu,LEE, Hi Deok,LEE, Ga Won The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2010 IEICE transactions on electronics Vol.93 No.5

<P>A HfO<SUB>2</SUB> as the charge-storage layer with the physical thickness thinner than 4nm in silicon-oxide-high-<I>k</I> oxide-oxide-silicon (SOHOS) flash memory was investigated. Compared to the conventional silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) flash memory, the SOHOS shows the slow operational speed and exhibits the poorer retention characteristics. These are attributed to the thin physical thickness below 4nm and the crystallization of the HfO<SUB>2</SUB> to contribute the lateral migration of the trapped charge in the trapping layer during high temperature annealing process.</P>

전동차 회생 에너지활용에 따른 에너지 및 CO₂ 절감 분석에 관한 연구

김철섭,안천헌,이병송,이희성,Kim, Chul-Sub,An, Cheon-Heon,Lee, Byung-Song,Lee, Hi-Sung 한국조명전기설비학회 2010 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.24 No.9

The recent environmental protection trend requires more strict energy saving, therefore every transportation system should reduce energy consumption to the minimum value. High-efficiency operation system, energy saving and $CO_2$ emissions shall be addressed as important issues in railway system. These issues are the most essential factors of railway, compared to major public transportation system. Recently, saving energy in the electric railway system has been studied. The efficient use of regenerated energy is considered to save energy. Namely, Using regenerative energy is that to store the energy generated during braking and discharge it again when a vehicle accelerates. Reusing energy stores and discharges energy, consequently enables a complete exchange of energy between vehicles, even if they are not braking and accelerating at precisely the same time, as is most frequently the case in everyday service. This paper analyzes effects of energy saving and $CO_2$-cut by using regenerative energy of electric vehicles.

Therapeutic effects of lysophosphatidylcholine in experimental sepsis

Yan, Ji-Jing,Jung, Jun-Sub,Lee, Jung-Eun,Lee, Jongho,Huh, Sung-Oh,Kim, Hee-Sung,Jung, Kyeong Cheon,Cho, Jae-Young,Nam, Ju-Suk,Suh, Hong-Won,Kim, Yung-Hi,Song, Dong-Keun Nature Publishing Group 2004 Nature medicine Vol.10 No.2

Sepsis represents a major cause of death in intensive care units. Here we show that administration of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), an endogenous lysophospholipid, protected mice against lethality after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli. In vivo treatment with LPC markedly enhanced clearance of intraperitoneal bacteria and blocked CLP-induced deactivation of neutrophils. In vitro, LPC increased bactericidal activity of neutrophils, but not macrophages, by enhancing H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> production in neutrophils that ingested E. coli. Incubation with an antibody to the LPC receptor, G2A, inhibited LPC-induced protection from CLP lethality and inhibited the effects of LPC in neutrophils. G2A-specific antibody also blocked the inhibitory effects of LPC on certain actions of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), including lethality and the release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from neutrophils. These results suggest that LPC can effectively prevent and treat sepsis and microbial infections.

Decrease of Parasitic Capacitance for Improvement of RF Performance of Multi-finger MOSFETs in 90-nm CMOS Technology

Seong-Yong Jang,Sung-Kyu Kwon,Jong-Kwan Shin,Jae-Nam Yu,Sun-Ho Oh,Jin-Woong Jeong,Hyeong-Sub Song,Choul-Young Kim,Ga-Won Lee,Hi-Deok Lee 대한전자공학회 2015 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.15 No.2

In this paper, the RF characteristics of multi-finger MOSFETs were improved by decreasing the parasitic capacitance in spite of increased gate resistance in a 90-nm CMOS technology. Two types of device structures were designed to compare the parasitic capacitance in the gate-to-source (Cgs) and gate-to-drain (Cgd) configurations. The radio frequency (RF) performance of multi-finger MOSFETs, such as cut-off frequency (fT) and maximum-oscillation frequency (fmax) improved by approximately 10% by reducing the parasitic capacitance about 8.2% while maintaining the DC performance.

선천성 고혈압쥐에서의 Opioid에 의한 진통작용과 Proenkephalin유전자 발현에 대한 연구

서홍원(Hong-Won Suh),이태희(Tae-Hee Lee),송동근(Dong-Keun Song),최성란(Seong-Ran Choi),정전섭(Jun-Sub Jung),김영희(Yung-Hi Kim) 대한약리학회 1995 대한약리학잡지 Vol.31 No.1

8주, 18주, 그리고 32주된 Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR)과 Wistar-Kyoto Rats(WKY)과의 blood pressure(혈압)를 측정하여본 결과 SHR 그룹이 WKY에 비해 19에서 70 mmHg 차이로 SHR 그룹이 WKY group에 비하여 혈압이 높았다. 18주된 SHR과 WKY에서 제 3 뇌실내 (intraventricular)로 투여된 morphine과 β-endorphin의 진통작용을 검색하여 보았다. WKY group에 비하여 SHR group에서 뇌실내로 투여된 β-endorphin은 진통작용에 있어서 상승작용 (potentiation)을 보임을 발견하였고 뇌실내로 투여된 morphine은 SHR group에서 약간만 상승작용을 보였다. SHR과 WKY group간에 opioid의 진통작용에 있어서 중요한 역할을 하는 Midbrain과 Medulla (pons), 그리고 spinal cord (척수)의 lumbar부위의 [Met⁵]-enkephalin과 proenkep-halin A mRNA level을 측정하여 보았다. SHR과 WKY group간의 [Met⁵]-enkephalin과 proenkephalin mRNA의 양은 별로 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼때 SHR group에서 뇌실내로 투여된 β-endorphin은 그의 진통효과에 있어서 보인 상승작용은 척수상부에 위치하고 있는 opioid deptide의 양이 변해서가 아니라 다른 기전에 의하여 조절되어지고 있음을 시사한다. The present studies were carried out to determine if antinociceptive action of morphine and β-endorphin administered intraventricularly was changed in. pentobarbital anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Antinociception was assessed by the tail-flick test. The ED₅₀ values of antinociception for morphine administered intraventricularly were 1.9 and 1.2 nmol for WKY and SHR rats, respectively. The ED₅₀ values of antinociception for β-endorphin administered intraventricularly were 0.40 and 0.12 nmol for WKY and SHR rats, respectively. The [Met⁵]-enkephalin (ME) and proenkephalin mRNA levels in midbrain, pons and medulla, or lumbar section of the spinal cord in WKY and SHR rats were measured by the radioimmunoassay and Northern blot assay, respectively. There were no differences of ME and proenkephalin mRNA levels in these tissues between WKY and SHR rats. The results suggest that β-endorphin but not morphine administered intraventricularly produces a greater antinociception in SHR rats. This increased antinociceptive effect of β-endorphin in SHR rats may be not, at least, due to the alterations of ME And proenkephalin mRNA levels in the midbrain, pons and medulla, or spinal cord.

A New Rose of Sharon Variety, "Changhae" Developed by A Mutation Breeding

Hi Sup Song,In Sook Park,Young Taik Lim,Jin Kyu Kim,Geung Joo Lee,Dong Sub Kim,Jin Baek Kim,Si Yong Kang 한국육종학회 2006 한국육종학회지 Vol.38 No.4

"changhae" is a new Hibiseus variety developed by a mutation breeding by using a gamma ray irradiation. O dred seeds ofthe or iginal variety, "Suminokura", grown in a breeding field in the Namyangju, Gyeonggi Province were irradiatedwith a 100 Gy gamma ra

Induced Mutation Breeding of Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus) Using Gamma-Ray in Korea

Hi Sup Song,In Sook Park,Geung-Joo Lee,Dong Sub Kim,Si-Yong Kang 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

A New Rose of Sharon Cultivar, "Seonnyo" Developed by Mutation Breeding

Hi Sup Song,Young Taik Lim,Jin Kyu Kim,In Sook Park,Si Yong Kang,Dong Sub Kim,Sang Jae Lee 한국육종학회 2005 한국육종학회지 Vol.37 No.1