학가산 삼림식생의 식물사회학적 분류와 입지환경분석

김창호,강혜원,정홍락,이호준 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1993 理學論集 Vol.18 No.-

영남 동북부 내륙에 위치한 학가산(870m)의 삼림식생을 식물사회학적으로 조사하고, 입지요인에 따른 식물군락의 분포특성을 고찰하였다. 조사지역의 삼림식생은 신갈나무-맑은대쑥 군집으로 밝혀졌으며, 3아군집, 3변군집으로 분류되었다. 즉, A: 뱀고사리 아군집(A-1. 굴참나무 변군집, A-2. 물푸레나무 변군집, A-3.전형 변군집), B:소나무 아군집, C:전형 아군집이다. 종합상재도표에 의한 70 %이상의 고상재도종은 신갈나무(97.5 %), 생강나무(95.0%), 둥굴레(72.5%), 털진달래(70.0%) 쇠풀푸레(70.0%), 싸리(70.0%)등이다. 식물군락의 분포특성은 입지요인에 따라 계곡 부근 및 적습한 사면의 물푸레나무림, 토양습도 및 유기물 함량이 다소 양호한 호적조건의 참나무-당단풍림, 습도와 고도가 중간적인 북사면의 참나무림, 토양조건이 건조하고 비교적 척박한 남.남서 사면의 소나무. 쇠물푸레림, 저지대의 소나무림 등의 5개 생태군으로 밝혀졌다. 종다양도, 우점도 및 종풍부도는 각각 1.047, 0.146, 10.237로 나타났다. The forest vegetation of Mt. Hakka(870m),situated in the inland part of northeastern Yeongnam district, the Korean Peninsula, was investigated phytosociologically. The ecological relationships of the vegetation units are described and discussed. Forest vegetation of the study area was indentified into Artemisio-Quercetum mongolicae KimJ.-W. 1990. And the lower units were classified by the method of Z-M school, i.e. Athyrium yokoscense subass. nov(Quercus variabilis variant, Fraxinus rhynchophylla variant, Typical variant), Pinus densiflora subass. nov.,and Typicum subass. nov..According to the synthesis table, species of the high constance degree(more than 70%) were Q. mongolica(97.5%), L. obtusiloba(95.0%), C. humilis(82.5%), P. odoratum var. pluriflorum(72.5%), R. mucronulatum var. ciliatum(70.0%), F.sieboldiana(70.0%), L. bicolor(70.0%)etc. By two dimensional analysis of temperature(elevation)and moisture(slope aspect) gradients, the forest vegetation were grouped into five ecological types: Ash forest at mesic parts near cove, oak-maple forest at the fertile sites, oak forest at submesic-middle parts of the north slope aspect, pine-ash forest at xeric-infertile soils of the south slope aspect, and pine forest distributed in lowlands. Diversity index, dominance index and species richness were shown as 1.047, 0.146, 10.239, respectively.

월성원자력발전소 주변의 삼림식생 분석

이호준,김인택,정흥락,전영문,윤영진,임웅규 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1996 理學論集 Vol.21 No.-

월성원자력발전소 주변의 삼림식생을 분석하기 위하여 1994년 4월부터 1994년 10월까지 식물사회학적 조사를 실시하였다. 또한 상관에 의해 현존식생도 및 녹지자연도를 작성하였으며, 순 1차 생산력과 식물현존량도 추정하였다. 군집조성표에 의한 삼림군락은 소나무군락, 곰솔군락, 굴참나무군락, 상수리 나무군락의 4군락으로 구분되었다. 각 군락의 주요 구성종으로는 소나무군락에서 소나무, 졸참나무, 털진달래, 맑은대쑥, 산거울, 곰솔군락에서 곰솔, 소나무, 진달래, 청미래덩굴, 굴참나무군락에서 굴참나무, 조록싸리, 큰기름새, 맑은대쑥, 댕댕이덩굴, 상수리나무군락에서 상수리나무, 갈참나무, 큼기름새, 그늘사초, 맑은대쑥 등이다. 현존식생도에 의한 삼림군락의 분포율은 곰솔군락이 40.3%로 가장 높고, 녹지자연도는 7등급이 60.0%로 가장 넓은 분포율을 보였다. 삼림토양의 pH는 4.45∼5.32, 유기물함량은 5.61∼6.34%의 범위로 나타났다. Montreal model에 의한 순 1차 생산력은 1,555.2g/㎡/yr, 식물현존량은 14,963.32ton/㎢로 추정되었다 The forest vegetation, estimation of phytomass and net primary production on the vicinity of Wolsong Atomic Power Plant were analyzed on the basis of the phytosociological data. And depending on physiognomy, actual vegetation map and the degree of green naturality(DGN) was drawn in 1:50,000 scale. According to Z-M method, the forest vegetation was classified into 4 communities; A. Pinus densiflora community, B. Pinus thunbergii community, C. Quercus variabilis community, D. Quercus acutissima community. Generally, Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis, in tree-1 layer, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, in tree-2 layer, Rhodedendron mucronulatum, Quercus serrate, in shrub layer, Artemisia keiskeana, Carex humilis, in herb layer, showed high coverage index. The pH and contents of organic matter of the forest soil collected in each sites were shown range of 4.45 to 5.32 and 5.61% to 6.34% in mean of communities respectively. The distribution rate in actual vegetation map were the highest in Pinus thunbergii community. The average DGN showed to 5.1. Net primary production and phytomass per unit area which estimated by Montreal model were assumed in 1,555.2g/㎡/yr, 14,963.32ton/㎢, respectively.

영광원자력발전소 주변의 식생과 식물현존량 추정

이호준,양효식,전영문,정흥락,강재구,방제용 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1996 理學論集 Vol.21 No.-

영광원자력발전소 주변의 식생에 대한 식물사회학적 조사를 실시하였으며, 순 1차 생산량과 식물현존량을 추정하였다. 또한 상관에 의해 현존식생도 및 녹지자연도를 작성하였다(1:50,000). Z-M 방식에 의한 삼림식생은 소나무군락과 곰솔군락으로 구분되었다. 전체적으로 교목층에 소나무와 곰솔, 아교목층에 졸참나무와 곰솔, 관목층에 털진달래와 신갈나무, 초본층에 털대사초와 그늘사초 등의 피복지수가 우세하게 나타났다. 토양의 pH는 4.65∼4.67, 유기물 함량은 7.28∼7.53%의 범위였다. 현존식생도에 의한 분포비율은 경작지(67%), 소나무(21.9%) 및 곰솔군락(9.1%)의 순으로 나타났으며, 녹지자연도는 등급 2가 67%(경작지), 7등급(이차림(A))과 6등급(조림지)이 각각 29.2%와 1.8%로 나타났다. Montreal model에의한 소나무림과 곰솔림의 식물현존량은 657,817.2와 177,367.0ton으로 각각 산정되었다. The forest vegetation and estimation of phytomass and net primary production in the vicinity of Yonggwang Atomic Power Plant were analyzed on the basis of the phytosociological data. Depending on physiognomy, the actual vegetation map and the degree of green naturality(DGN) were also drawn in the scale of 1:50,000. According to Z-M method, the forest vegetation was classified into two communities; Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii communities. It was generally shown that Pinus densiflora and Pirus thunbergii in tree-1 layer, Quercus serrata and Pinus thunbergii in tree-2 layer, Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum and Quercus serrata in shrub layer, and Carex ciliato-marginata and Carex lanceolata in herb layer had high coverage index. The pHs and contents of organic matter of the forest soils collected in each sites were in the 4.64 to 4.67 and 7.28% to 7.53% in average, respectively. The distribution area of each vegetationindex. The pHs and contents of organic matter of the forest soils collected in each sites were in the 4.64 to 4.67 and 7.28% to 7.53% in average, respectively. The distribution area of each vegetation type in the actual vegetation map was 67% cultivated land, 21.9% in Pinus densiflora community and 9.1% in pinus thunbergii community. The distribution of the degree of green naturality(DGN) was 67% in the second-grade (cultivated land), 29.2% in 7th grade (second forest(A)) and 1.8% in 6th grade (plantation). It was estimated that phytomass of Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii in the study sites, which was calculated by Montreal model, was 657,817.2 and 177,367.0 ton, respectively.

칠절봉 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica)림의 군락구조와 토양환경

이호준,배병호,전영문,정흥락,홍문표,김용옥,길지현 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1998 理學論集 Vol.23 No.-

칠절봉 신갈나무림의 군락구조와 토양환경과의 관계를 파악하기 위해 식물사회학적 조사와 토양 환경을 분석하였다. 조사지역의 신갈나무림은 신갈나무군락, 철쭉꽃하위군, 큰개별꽃하위군으로 구분되었으며, 철쭉꽃하위군과 큰개별꽃하위군에서의 방형구당 평균출현종수는 각각 30종(24∼46종), 43종(31∼52종) 이었다. 피복지수치에 의한 계층별 우점순위는 교목층에서 신갈나무(6750.0), 아교목층에서 당단풍(2364.0) 관목층에서 철쭉꽃(988.5), 초본층에서 쌀새(1040.5)가 가장 높게 나타났다. 신갈 나무림의 DBH 분포는 2∼10㎝ 범위의 소경목이 전체의 29.7%를 차지하였으며 전체적으로 정규분포를 나타내어 교란 후 재생과정에 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 후계목의 발달로 인한 극상상태로의 천이가 가능할 것으로 조사되었다. 전반적인 토양환경은 두 하위군 간에 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으며, 큰개별꽃하위군이 철쭉꽃하위군에 비하여 다소 양호한 것으로 조사되었다. 환경구배분석에서 까치박달, 물푸레나무, 함박꽃나무 등은 습한 곳에 분포하고 철쭉꽃, 전나무, 국수나무 등은 건조한 곳에 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. A relationship between the community structure composition and soil environmental factors of the Quercus mongolica forest on Mt. Chiljelbong was investigated from June 1996 to August 1997. The Q. mongolica community was classified into two subcommunity of Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Pseudostellaria palibiniana. The 30(24-46) species per quadrat were appeared in R. schlippenbachii subcommunity and 43(31-52)species in P. palibiniana subcommunity. The dominant sequences on each stratum determined by the coverage index showed that Q. mongolica was the most dominant in tree-1 layer with 6750.0, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum in tree-2 layer with 2364.0, R. schlippenbachii in shrub layer with 988.5, and Melica onoei in herb layer with 1040.5 value. The value of diameter breast height(DBH) showed a normal distribution displaying a highest value in the range of 2∼10㎝(29.7%) in Q. mongolica forest and it was investigated being at restoration phase after disturbance. It also was investigated that the succession to climax state would be possible due to growth of successive tree. Overall, which the soil conditions make little difference between two subcommunities, P. palibiniana subcommunity was favorable than those of R. schlippenbachii subcommunity. It was shown that in an environmental gradient analysis, Carpinus cordata, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, and Magnolia sieboldii were distributed in a mesic area, but R. schlippenbachii, Abies holophylla, and Stepanandra incisa in a xeric area.

고리원자력발전소 주변의 식생과 식물현존량 추정

김성종,이호준,김인택,김창호,정홍락 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1995 理學論集 Vol.20 No.-

고리원자력발전소 주변의 식생에 대한 식물사회학적 조사를 실시하였으며, 순1차생산력과 식물현존량을 추정하였다. 또한 상관에 의한 현존식생도 및 녹지자연도를 작성하였다. 종조성표에 의한 식물군락은 소나무군락, 곰솔군락, 서어나무-굴참나무군락, 아까시나무군락으로 구분되었다. 소나무군락은 아교목층(평균식피율 35%)이 빈약하였으며, 서어나무-굴참나무군락은 비교적 안정된 계층구조를 이루고 있었다. 전체적으로 교목층에서 소나무, 곰솔, 아교목층에서 사방오리, 졸참나무, 저목층에서 졸참나무, 사스레피나무, 초본층에서 산거울, 주름조개풀 등의 피복지수가 높았다. 삼림토양의 pH는 4.30~4.85, 유기물함량은 6.04~9.40%의 범위였다. 현존식생도에 의한 분포비율은 곰솔군락(31.4%)이 가장 높았으며, 평균녹지자연도는 5.4였다. Montreal model에 의한 순1차생산력은 1555.2g/㎡/yr, 식물현존량은 단위면적당16,982,21ton/k㎡으로 추정되었다. The forest vegetation and estimation of phytomass and net primary production in the vicinity of Kori Atomic Power Plant was analyzed on the basis of the phytosociological data. Depending on physiognomy, actual vegetation map and the degree of green naturality(DGN) was also drawn in the of 1:50,000. According to Z-M method, the forest vegetation was classified into four communities, which include Pinus densiflora, Pinus thunbergii, Carpinus laxiflora-Quercus variabilis, and Robinia pseudo-acacia communities. The Pinus densiflora community was most poorly covered in tree-2 layer. The Carpinus laxiflora-Quercus variabilis community was relatively stable in the stratum structure. It was generally shown that Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii in tree-1 layer, Alnus firma and Quercus serrata in tree-2 layer, Quercus serrata and Eurya japonica in shrub layer, and Carex humilis and Oplismenus undulatifolius in herb layer had high coverage index. The pHs and contents of organic matter of the forest soil collected in each sites was in the range of 4.30 to 4.85 and 6.04% to 9.40% in average in the communities. The Pinus thunbergii community showed the highest distribution rate(31.4%) in the actual vegetation map. The average DGN was approximately 5.4. Net primary production and phytomass per unit area obtained by Montreal model were estimated to be 1555.2g/㎡/yr and 16,982.21ton/k㎡, respectively.

Structural Characteristics and Maintenance Mechanism of Ulmus pumila Community at the Dong River, Gangwon-do, South Korea

Choung, Heung-Lak,Kim, Chul-Hwan,Yang, Keum-Chul,Chun, Jae-In,Roh, Huan-Chuen The Ecological Society of Korea 2003 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.26 No.5

To analyze ecological characteristics of the Ulmus pumila community, an on-the-spot survey was conducted in August, 1998 in the Dong River, Gangwon-do, South Korea. The Ulmus pumila community is partially distributed in Dong River's midstream and upper stream. Topographical characteristics of this community are significant in the point bar or sandbank of the river. The community is classified into two types, disturbed and non-disturbed types, by the effect of flooding. The Ulmus pumila community (bush forests of Siberian elms) is a representative community which forms riparian forests, but its distribution is rare in South Korea. Only in Dong River is the Ulmus pumila distributed enough to form a community, and none is known that is lager than this community in South Korea. The non-disturbance type progresses more homogeneously than the disturbance type because it is formed on riverside banks where it is affected less by flooding. We concluded that the Ulmus pumila community in this study area has characteristics of riparian forests. In South Korea, Ulmus pumila community can be regarded as important element of vegetation landscape constituting riparian forests. Specifically, these riparian forests are evaluated as high in conservation value due to their being formed spontaneously. Moreover, Dong River is regarded as the southern limit of Ulmus pumila, which has a northern origin. The species or community needs continuous interests and conservation countermeasures because there are limitations in its spread of distribution by natural or artificial efforts.

Distribution Characteristics, Population and Vegetation Structure of Corylopsis coreana in Korea

Choung Heung Lak,Dong-Ok Lim,In-Chun Hwang,Chul Hwan Kim,Kyu Song Lee,Ji-Eun Ryu,Hyun-Woo Lee 한국생태학회 2007 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.30 No.4

This study examined the distribution, population and vegetation structure of Corylopsis coreana in South Korea. C. coreana is distributed around the Suncheon area, Jeollanam-do, on the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, but the species is also found in Pocheon and Gangneung, on the central and central east parts of the peninsula. This discontinuous pattern of distribution is coupled with the unusual feature of only growing on northern exposed slopes. The mean density of C. coreana populations is 35 individuals per 100 m2, ranging up to a maximum of 92 individuals per 100 m2. Cut specimens sprouted a maximum of 38 stems per plant. Based on DCA analysis, the species' habitats was divided into three types by species composition and stratification structure. These types include: habitats affected strongly by human activities, valley and mantle communities which are affected relatively little by human activities, and stable forests. Populations affected by artificial intervention have actually flourished, while some populations in the stable forest system have declined. We conclude that the species, now endangered, should be maintained by means of specific external interventions such as cutting or removal of the canopy. To this end, further ecological data should be collected through monitoring and research to identify appropriate interventions to support threatened C. coreana populations

특별기고 : 환경영향평가기법의 경관생태학적 접근방안

정흥락 ( Heung Lak Choung ),홍선기 ( Sun Kee Hong ),이현우 ( Hyun Woo Lee ) 한국환경복원녹화기술학회 2005 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.8 No.3

금호강 ( 대구 , 경북 ) 본류에서 유수변초본식생의 군락분류와 그 분포특성

정흥락(Heung Lak Choung),이호준(Ho Joon Lee) 한국환경생물학회 2001 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.19 No.4

N/A The Herbal vegetation on Running Waterside in the Main Stream of Geumho River, Daegu and Gyeongsanbuk-do, Korea was investigated by the methodology from June to August of 1994 and analyzed distribution characteristics of vegetation that was related Water Environment. The vegetation is divided into 6 communities of Persicaria sieboldi-Persicaria hydropiper community, Persicaria thunbergii community, Impatiens textori community, Zizania latifolia community, Phragmites communis community and Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzicola community. A BOD and COD that indicate degree of contamination in water were showed 0.9 ppm and 1.6 ppm at upstream and 15.9 ppm and 24.8 ppm at downstream, respectively. The upstream, by Persicaria sieboldi-Persicaria hydropiper community from upstream to mid-upstream, by Persicaria thunbergii community from upstream to midstream, by Zizania latifolia community from midstream to mid-downstream and by Phragmites communis community and Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzicola community from mid-downstream to downstream. Especially, I suggested that Persicaria sieboldi-Persicaria hydropiper community and persicaria thunbergii community will use as biotic indicator in water environment.

식생의 보전가치와 평가기준에 대한 검토

정흥락 ( Heung Lak Choung ),송종석 ( Jong Suk Song ),이규송 ( Kyu Song Lee ),김인택 ( In Taek Kim ),김종홍 ( Jong Hong Kim ),양금철 ( Keum Chul Yang ),전영문 ( Young Moon Chun ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2006 환경영향평가 Vol.15 No.5