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작은 만에서 식물플랑크톤 생체량과 생산력 변화에 대한 외부 물의 정기적인 침입 효과의 모델링
( Hayami Yuichi ),( Shu Ougiyama ),( Tsuneyoshi Koizumi ),( Hidetaka Takeoka ) 한국하천호수학회 2004 생태와 환경 Vol.37 No.4
Effects of the different strengths and intervals of the periodic outer water intrusions (kyuchos and bottom intrusions) on the dynamics of phytoplankton biomass in a small embayment were examined with a simple numerical model. Environmental conditions of Kitanada Bay in the Bungo Channel were applied to the model. As the interval of the intrusion became longer and the amplitude became smaller, phytoplankton biomass in the bay became higher. On the other hand, as the interval became shorter and the amplitude became larger, the growth rate of the phytoplankton became higher. It suggested that when the intrusion was weaker, water exchange of the bay decreased and the phytoplankton in the bay accumulated at a high density. When water exchange was improved by active intrusions, availability of light would become more efficient and the growth rate of the phytoplankton was enhanced.
Measurement of Flow Vorticities Using a Dynamic PIV
Hayami H. 한국가시화정보학회 2006 KOREA-JAPAN Joint Seminar on Particle Image Veloci Vol.- No.-
A dynamic PlV system with 2 ㎑ at mega-pixel frame and up to 10 ㎑ at 512x256 pixels has been developed in success. The combination of a high-speed CMOS camera and a high-speed single-rod Nd:YLF laser materialized the present dynamic PlV system with an in-house timing controller. The dynamic PlV can give the huge amount of data. It can resolve the dynamics of the flow field including vortex motion. The dynamic PlV will be a standard tool for the flow analysis. Measurement of flow vorticity is very important to understand the flow structure. To measure three components of vorticity, a scanning stereoscopic PlV system, a dual-plane stereoscopic PlV system or a Tomo-PlV is available. On the other hand, a stereoscopic dynamic PlV system can provide a highly time-resolved velocity vectors, then if Taylor hypothesis could be applied, two in-plane components of vorticity would be estimated. There will be various fields of applications, such as turbulent flow, transient flow, micro flow, 3D volume flow, and so on, while following procedures should be investigated. To obtain the high' reliability velocity and vorticity vector data, the low-pass filtering technique for spatial and temporal domain should be standardized, including the PlV evaluation algorithm. The advanced technique of comparison between the measured results and computer simulation will be needed. The spatial and temporal frequency analysis would be necessary. The wavelet analysis or advanced POD analysis may be applicable. Furthermore, a higher frame rate, a shorter camera dead?time, a higher speed data transfer system, a higher speed processing system against a huge data, and so on, would be highly expected.
Tokugawa Japan : Demographics and Family
( Hayami Akira ) 성균관대학교 동아시아학술원 2004 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.4 No.2
Two Japanese primary sources, Shuman aratame cho and Ninbechu aratame cho, provide census and familial data for studying the population and family in Tokygawa Japan. As for Shuman aratame cho, it was a product of the strict prohibition of Christianity by the Tokugawa bakufu. In principle, all Japanese individuals were required to get a seal from his/her local Buddhist temple to prove his/her religious identification as a Buddhist not as Christian. The administrative heads of cho (town) and mura (village) were in charge of compiling the document and submitting it to daimyo (feudal lord). The Ninbechu aratame cho, compiled by bakufu officials and local daimyo according to their administrative needs, was a census document of a particular jurisdiction, listing name and age of individual resident like Shuman aratame cho. The historical demographic studies in Japan based on the above two sources have been used for illuminating the reasons for regionally different family patterns. Still, more case studies are needed for further clarify the regional differences in the family pattern. In addition, in answering many unsolved questions about the demographic realities of Tokugawa Japan, historical demographers can be helped with the findings of other related disciplines such as linguistic, geography, and so on.
Hiroshi Hayami,Yuta Iga,Syuichi Itahashi,Kazuhiko Miura,Tatsuhiro Mori,Tatsuya Sakurai 한국대기환경학회 2022 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.16 No.3
The global limit on the sulfur content of ship fuel was reduced from 3.50% to 0.50% in January 2020 to reduce ship emissions of SO2 and particulate matter. We conducted observational campaigns before and after the new global limit was introduced to detect changes in coastal air quality. We measured ambient concentrations of SO2 and CO2 ship plumes on shore with the sniffing method under the Kanmon Bridge over the Kanmon Straits between Honshu and Kyusyu Islands, Japan, for several weeks in August to September in 2019 and 2020. The fuel sulfur content (FSC) estimated from our measurements mainly varied from 0.50% to 3.00% in 2019, whereas the range narrowed to 0.10% to 0.40% in 2020, showing that all the ships complied. The mean FSC in 2020 was reduced to 16% of that in 2019, which was consistent with the reduction in the ambient SO2 concentration. Sakurai et al. (2021) estimated that after the 2020 global limit was brought in, SO2 emissions from ships were reduced to 24% of their previous values by assuming that all ships have a FSC of 0.50%. Our results indicate the 2020 global limit led to much greater reductions in SO2 emissions from ships than expected.
Spatiotemporal Variations of Fine Particulate Organic and Elemental Carbons in Greater Tokyo
Hiroshi Hayami,Shinji Saito,Shuichi Hasegawa 한국대기환경학회 2019 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.13 No.3
Hourly concentrations of fine particulate OC and EC are monitored for more than one year by optical monitors at three sites in and out of Tokyo, Japan. Distances between the sites are 20 to 50 km. SOC concentrations are estimated from the OC and EC concentrations by an EC tracer method. Site A in an industrial site shows higher EC concentrations than site B in a residential area, but differences between the sites are much reduced for OC. Site C in a rural area, where measurements are available in colder months, shows pronounced seasonal variations with high peaks in October and December and characteristic diurnal variations in OC with the highest in the evening in October, due probably to open field burning. Photochemical formation of SOC is suggested but does not rise up so much OC concentrations in summer, which are quite lower than other seasons. A comparison between relative concentrations of EC among the sites and local emissions amounts indicates missing or considerable underestimation of EC emissions near the rural site C. Time lag correlations suggest transport of OC produced by open field burning around site C to site A. These findings would be useful for improving model performances in OC/EC predictions.