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2급 응급구조사의 성인외상환자에 대한 처치의 적절성 평가
장문수,어은경,김상현,김창섭,송근정,박한규,유지영,최동섭 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2
In Korea, EMT have two classified subgroup of first and second degree : EMT-P, and EMT. For the beginning, authorization of the first EMT was made in this year through the EMT educational program. There are 8 items which EMT can perform the treatment without the supervision by a physician. But there was no previous report of pertinent assesment of treatment performed by the EMT. There upon authors have conducted review of assessment done by the EMT in EC setting, and proposed the following treatment application can be used by EMT at the field of accident. The study materials include adult trauma patient older than 15 years, and sustained trauma within 48 hours before visiting Ewha University DongDaeMoon Hospital Emergency Deparment. The duration of study was from Apr. 1 1995 to Aug. 31 1995. the study was conducted by 5 certified EMT. The EMT's performance was evaluated by the attending Emergency Medicine physician. The result were as followings ; 1. Among the total 5532 ED visiting patients during the study period, 1267 were adult trauma patients who recieved treatment within 48 hours of injury. 2. Among 1222 out of 1267 patients have completed performed survey. 3. Male to female ratio was 2.6 : 1, age distribution was from 15 to 87 years old and mean age was 34.6 years old. 4. The MOI showed : MVA (33.1%), blunt trauma (29.9%), slip down (16.8%), penetrating injury(15.4%), and miscellaneous (5.7 %), burn (3.1%), falling down injury(2.9 %), bite injury(1.1%) in order. 5. There were 437 cases of survey completed by the EMT. For assessment of mental status of 3 different method : AVPU, 5 scale mental status and GCS, were correlated with EM physician with 99.1%, 98.6%, 97.7 %, respectively. 6. For 320 out of 437 cases of survey completed, 319 patients recieved treatment by the EMT within 30 minute and 1 patient between 30 to 60 minute of an ED arrival. 7. For those 437 cases of survey completed, 266 patient (60.9%) had adequate treatment and 54 patients (12.4%) had inadequate treatment. 67 patient (15.3%) did not received treatment but it was adequate inway, and 50 patients (11.9%) did not received treatment even though patient required treatment. In cases of adult trauma patients, EMT's mental status assessment was correlated with EM physician's assessment. But treatment done by EMT without the supervision of EM physician was adequate only in 76.2 %. Therefore, continuous education and assessment of treatment performed by EMT in needed to improve field treatment by EMT future.
손대곤,장석준,송근정,이한식 大韓應急醫學會 1997 대한응급의학회지 Vol.8 No.1
To raise the quality of research, medical articles which are feasible and objective must be continuously published and be continuously monitored. All articles published in the Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency from November, 1990 to November, 1995 were compared with a foreign emergency medical journal, the American Journal of Emergency Medicine(AJE). Classifying the articles in the Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine, there were 15 (8.4%) review articles, 145 (81.0%) original articles and 19 (10.6%) case reports. In the AJE, there were 103 (15.1%) review articles, 304 (44.4%) original articles and 277 (40.5%) case reports. Classifying the original articles in the Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine, There were 13 (9.0%) experimental articles, 88 (60.7%) descriptive articles and 44 (30.3%) analytic articles. In the AJE, there were 40 (13.2%) experimental articles, 59 (19.4%) descriptive articles and 205 (67.4%) analytic articles. The classification of original articles according to frequency in the Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine is trauma, resuscitation, toxicology and medical emergency, where as the AJE is medical emergency, trauma, toxicology and EMS. For statistical methods used in original articles, 90 (62.1%) case did not do any statistical analysis or where only descriptive statistics were used. In 6 (4.1%) cases the statistical level was described but statistical methods were nonmentioned. By simple calssificaton study, there were 44 (30.3%) cases of original articles in the Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine, and 6 (2.0%) cases in the AJE. Because the development of Emergency Medicine as a special department is based on logical articles, organization of articles have study design, make hypothesis, sample gathering, statistical analysis and feasibility of conclusion. For this, the emergency training course needs a course on research methodology.
아카시아 꽃 추출물의 피부미용 화장품 소재 생리활성 연구
장한솔 ( Han-sol Jang ),장아람 ( Ah-ram Jang ),송연숙 ( Yeon-sook Song ),김명곤 ( Myung-kon Kim ),이근광 ( Keun-kwang Lee ) 한국미용학회 2015 한국미용학회지 Vol.21 No.5
This study analyzed the composition and contents of acacia(Robinia pseudoacacia) flower extracts, free amino acid of water and methanol extracts and polyphenol compound. Then, the physiological activities of some skin care cosmetic examined. The study results found the followings: The free amino acid of acacia flower hot water extracts was 36.96 mg/g in total, and a total 16 types of free amino acids were isolated. In methanol extract, however, a total of 13.41 mg/g were found in 13 different types. In terms of polyphenol contents, methanol extract was slightly higher than hot-water extract. Regarding the composition of polyphenol compound, 8 different types of phenolic acids and two types of flavonoids were found in hot-water and methanol extracts. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was increased in proportion to the concentration, and the inhibitory activity of tyrosinase in the hot-water and methanol extracts of acacia flower was increased in proportion to the concentration. The ell growth according to human skin cell line, HaCaT was very low cell growth inhibited in an concentration-dependent. The inhibitory activity of elastase and collagenase in the hot-water extract and methanol extracts increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The said results show that because free amino acid and polyphenol contents are rich in the hot-water extract of acacia and methanol extract, they could be very useful as cell growth activating factors or natural antioxidants. To use them as cosmetic ingredients, however, there should be further studies on correlations between the enzyme activity in the cell and various cosmetic components.