Boron adsorption mechanism of a hybrid gel derived from tetraethoxysilane and bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine

Liu, H.,Qing, B.,Ye, X.,Guo, M.,Li, Q.,Wu, Z.,Lee, K.,Lee, D.,Lee, K. 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.4_SUP

An organic/inorganic hybrid gel was prepared with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine (TSPA) as precursors. The adsorption of boron on the hybrid gel in aqueous solutions was investigated comprehensively by varying the initial boron concentration, pH, ionic strength, and temperature. The equilibrium adsorption amount of boron increases with the increase in initial boron concentration and ionic strength, but decreases with the increase in temperature. The adsorption amount exhibits a maximum at initial pH of 4-10. Boron appears to be adsorbed in both H<SUB>3</SUB>BO<SUB>3</SUB> and B(OH)<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> forms through the hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and hydrophobic attractions.

Effect of CoO additive on structure and electrical properties of (Na_0.5Bi_0.5)_0.93Ba_0.07TiO₃ ceramics prepared by the citrate method

Xu, Q.,Chen, M.,Chen, W.,Liu, H.X.,Kim, B.H.,Ahn, B.K. Elsevier Science 2008 ACTA MATERIALIA Vol.56 No.3

(Na<SUB>0.5</SUB>Bi<SUB>0.5</SUB>)<SUB>0.93</SUB>Ba<SUB>0.07</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB> ceramics with added 0-0.8 wt.% CoO were prepared by a citrate method and the influence of the CoO additive on the structure and electrical properties of the ceramics was investigated. All the specimens maintained a rhombohedral-tetragonal phase coexistence in crystal structure and the addition of CoO caused a remarkably promoted grain growth. Adding CoO led to a disappearance of the response in the dielectric constant (ε<SUB>r</SUB>) to the ferroelectric-antiferroelectric transition and increased the diffuseness of the dielectric constant peak around 230<SUP>o</SUP>C. Polarization-electric field hysteresis loops at varied temperatures revealed that adding CoO served to increase the depolarization temperature (T<SUB>d</SUB>). The addition of CoO tailored the dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties at room temperature basically following a hard doped effect. The specimen with 0.8 wt.% CoO added showed a low dissipation factor (tanδ) of 0.8% and a high mechanical quality factor (Q<SUB>m</SUB>) of 297 while retaining a piezoelectric constant (d<SUB>33</SUB>) of 137 pC N<SUP>-1</SUP>.

TRANSPORT OF SOLAR WIND H ⁺ AND He ⁺⁺ IONS ACROSS EARTH’S BOW SHOCK

Parks, G. K.,Lee, E.,Fu, S. Y.,Kim, H. E.,Ma, Y. Q.,Yang, Z. W.,Liu, Y.,Lin, N.,Hong, J.,Canu, P.,Dandouras, I.,Rè,me, H.,Goldstein, M. L. American Astronomical Society 2016 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.825 No.2

<P>We have investigated the dependence of mass, energy, and charge of solar wind ( SW) transport across Earth's bow shock. An examination of 111 crossings during quiet SW in both quasi-perpendicular and quasi-parallel shock regions shows that 64 crossings had various degrees of heating and thermalization of SW. We found 22 crossings where the SW speed was <400 km s(-1). The shock potential of a typical supercritical quasi-perpendicular shock estimated from deceleration of the SW and cutoff energy of electron flat top distribution is similar to 50 Volts. We find that the temperatures of H+ and He++ beams that penetrate the shock can sometimes be nearly the same in the upstream and downstream regions, indicating little or no heating had occurred crossing the bow shock. None of the models predict that the SW can cross the bow shock without heating. Our observations are important constraints for new models of collisionless shocks.</P>

Micromachined MoO3 Gas Sensor with Low Power Consumption of 0.5 Watt

장건익,Q. H. Wu,C. C. Liu 한국전기전자재료학회 2005 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.6 No.4

A new MoO3 based microsensor with low power consumption was presented. Typical size of sensor was 5 mm in width and 8 mm in length. As a sensitive electrode, MoO3 was successfully fabricated by IC technology on pyrex glass of 250 mm in thickness. After annealing at 550 oC for 3 hrs, the film was fully crystallized and demonstrated as pure MoO3 structure. The grain size of MoO3 was plat like and typical size was about 1mm. Based on the results of sensitivity measurement, MoO3 microsensor shows especially high selectivity to H2 reducing gas atmosphere. The applied heater power was lower than 0.5 Watt.

Deoxynivalenol exposure induces autophagy/apoptosis and epigenetic modification changes during porcine oocyte maturation

Han, J.,Wang, Q.C.,Zhu, C.C.,Liu, J.,Zhang, Y.,Cui, X.S.,Kim, N.H.,Sun, S.C. Academic Press 2016 Toxicology and applied pharmacology Vol.300 No.-

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a widespread trichothecene mycotoxin which contaminates agricultural staples and elicits a complex spectrum of toxic effects on humans and animals. It has been shown that DON impairs oocyte maturation, reproductive function and causes abnormal fetal development in mammals; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we investigate the possible reasons of the toxic effects of DON on porcine oocytes. Our results showed that DON significantly inhibited porcine oocyte maturation and disrupted meiotic spindle by reducing p-MAPK protein level, which caused retardation of cell cycle progression. In addition, up-regulated LC3 protein expression and aberrant Lamp2, LC3 and mTOR mRNA levels were observed with DON exposure, together with Annexin V-FITC staining assay analysis, these results indicated that DON treatment induced autophagy/apoptosis in porcine oocytes. We also showed that DON exposure increased DNA methylation level in porcine oocytes through altering DNMT3A mRNA levels. Histone methylation levels were also changed showing with increased H3K27me3 and H3K4me2 protein levels, and mRNA levels of their relative methyltransferase genes, indicating that epigenetic modifications were affected. Taken together, our results suggested that DON exposure reduced porcine oocytes maturation capability through affecting cytoskeletal dynamics, cell cycle, autophagy/apoptosis and epigenetic modifications.

Tests and finite element analysis on the local buckling of 420 MPa steel equal angle columns under axial compression

G. Shi,Z. Liu,H.Y. Ban,Y. Zhang,Y.J. Shi,Y.Q. Wang 국제구조공학회 2012 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.12 No.1

Local buckling can be ignored for hot-rolled ordinary strength steel equal angle compression members, because the width-to-thickness ratios of the leg don’t exceed the limit value. With the development of steel structures, Q420 high strength steel angles with the nominal yield strength of 420 MPa have begun to be widely used in China. Because of the high strength, the limit value of the width-to-thickness ratio becomes smaller than that of ordinary steel strength, which causes that the width-to-thickness ratios of some hot-rolled steel angle sections exceed the limit value. Consequently, local buckling must be considered for 420 MPa steel equal angles under axial compression. The existing research on the local buckling of high strength steel members under axial compression is briefly summarized, and it shows that there is lack of study on the local buckling of high strength steel equal angles under axial compression. Aiming at the local buckling of high strength steel angles, this paper conducts an axial compression experiment of 420MPa high strength steel equal angles, including 15 stub columns. The test results are compared with the corresponding design methods in ANSI/AISC 360-05 and Eurocode 3. Then a finite element model is developed to analyze the local buckling behavior of high strength steel equal angles under axial compression, and validated by the test results. Followingthe validation, a finite element parametric study is conducted to study the influences of a range of parameters, and the analysis results are compared with the design strengths by ANSI/AISC 360-05 and Eurocode 3.

Estimation of growth parameters of Listeria monocytogenes after sublethal heat and slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) treatment

Xuan, X.T.,Ding, T.,Li, J.,Ahn, J.H.,Zhao, Y.,Chen, S.G.,Ye, X.Q.,Liu, D.H. Butterworths ; Taylor Francis ; Elsevier Science 2017 FOOD CONTROL Vol.71 No.-

<P>Time to detection experiments (TTD) based on turbidometry using an automatic Bioscreen C is a useful and straightforward method for estimating microbial growth parameters (lag time (lambda), growth rate (mu) and 'work to be done' (h(0))) at constant temperature. This study investigated the effects of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) and heat treatment on Listeria monocytogenes growth at different recovery temperatures (10 degrees C, 15 degrees C, 25 degrees C, and 30 degrees C). Similar surviving and sublethally injured L. monocytogenes populations were obtained by heat treatment (55 degrees C for 10 min) and SAEW treatment (available chlorine concentration of 30 mg/l and ratio of bacteria against SAEW of 8:2 for 30 s). In these experimental conditions, stresses had greater impact on the lambda and h(0) parameter in comparison with recovery temperature while there was no great change in growth rate under isothermal conditions. Larger lambda values and h(0) parameters were observed in sublethal-heat injured L. monocytogenes (the maximum lambda and h(0) parameters are 30.199 h and 1.6492) as compared to SAEW groups (the maximum lambda and h(0) parameters are 22.634 h and 1.4396). The sensitivity analysis of SAEW and heat treatments on h(0) parameter indicated that SAEW treatment showed a higher influence. The collinearity diagnostics of independent variables [recovery temperature (T), mu, lambda] for dependent variable (h(0) parameter) demonstrated that T, mu and lambda had strong collinearity. In addition, the established secondary models in this study have good performances on predicting the effect of recovery temperature on bacterial growth parameters. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Direct and quantitative understanding of the non-Ohmic contact resistance in organic and oxide thin-film transistors

Liu, C.,Minari, T.,Xu, Y.,Yang, B.r.,Chen, H.X.,Ke, Q.,Liu, X.,Hsiao, H.C.,Lee, C.Y.,Noh, Y.Y. Elsevier Science 2015 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.27 No.-

We explore the device physics of thin film transistors (TFTs) with non-Ohmic contacts and develop a simple and fast method for evaluating the contact properties TFTs through output characteristics. Using one single output scan, the quantitative relationship between contact resistances and drain voltage were evaluated, revealing the property of interfacial injection at non-Ohmic contacts. This is demonstrated and validated in both TFT simulations and experiments employing inorganic and organic TFTs. The approach can be applied to general TFTs with arbitrary materials and configurations conveniently and enables faster and improved understanding of TFT operation and device physics.

Sesquiterpenes from the roots of Lindera strychnifolia with inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells

Liu, Q.,Jo, Y.H.,Kim, S.B.,Jin, Q.,Hwang, B.Y.,Lee, M.K. Pergamon Press 2016 Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Vol.26 No.20

Seven new sesquiterpenes, linderolides N-T (1-7), along with nine known compounds, were isolated from roots of Lindera strychnifolia (Lauraceae). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The relative and absolute configurations were determined by NOESY and CD analysis, respectively. Among the isolated compounds, two new compounds, linderolide O (2) and linderolide P (3) inhibited lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nitric oxide production in murine RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 6.3 and 9.6μM, respectively.

Effects of Dietary Energy Density on Growth, Carcass Quality and mRNA Expression of Fatty Acid Synthase and Hormone-sensitive Lipase in Finishing Pigs

Liu, Z.H.,Yang, F.Y.,Kong, L.J.,Lai, C.H.,Piao, X.S.,Gu, Y.H.,Ou, X.Q. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.10

A single factorial experiment was conducted to test the effects of three dietary levels of energy on mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS-mRNA) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL-mRNA) and their association with intramuscular fat in finishing pigs. 72 crossbred (Large $White{\times}Rongchang$) barrows with an average initial body weight of 20.71 (s.e. 0.1) kg, were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments (11.75, 13.05 and 14.36 MJ DE/kg) and fed until slaughtered at 100 or 101 kg. The diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-essential amino acids. The growth performances including the duration of finishing were changed linearly (p<0.05) or quadratically (p<0.05) with increased dietary energy levels. The effects of dietary energy content on the percentage of external fat, intramuscular backfat and the fat thickness were linear (p<0.05). The content of dietary energy increased FAS-mRNA linearly or quadratically, while HSL-mRNA decreased linearly or quadratically in backfat and Longissmus dorsi muscle. Meanwhile, significant positive correlations (p<0.05) were found between energy level and intramuscular fat, FAS-mRNA or the ratio of FAS-mRNA to HSL-mRNA, between the ratio of FAS-mRNA to HSL-mRNA and intramuscular fat. However, the correlations between HSL mRNA and dietary energy or intramuscular fat were negative (p<0.05). The results indicated that dietary energy level regulates lipid accumulation, especially intramuscular fat, possibly by modulating the mRNA of FAS and HSL together rather than individually.