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Lee, J.H.,Pascua, P.N.Q.,Decano, A.G.,Kim, S.M.,Park, S.J.,Kwon, H.I.,Kim, E.H.,Kim, Y.I.,Kim, H.,Kim, S.Y.,Song, M.S.,Jang, H.K.,Park, B.K.,Choi, Y.K. Elsevier Science 2015 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.34 No.-
In 2011-2012, contemporary North American-like H3N2 swine influenza viruses (SIVs) possessing the 2009 pandemic H1N1 matrix gene (H3N2pM-like virus) were detected in domestic pigs of South Korea where H1N2 SIV strains are endemic. More recently, we isolated novel reassortant H1N2 SIVs bearing the Eurasian avian-like swine H1-like hemagglutinin and Korean swine H1N2-like neuraminidase in the internal gene backbone of the H3N2pM-like virus. In the present study, we clearly provide evidence on the genetic origins of the novel H1N2 SIVs virus through genetic and phylogenetic analyses. In vitro studies demonstrated that, in comparison with a pre-existing 2012 Korean H1N2 SIV [A/swine/Korea/CY03-1½012 (CY03-1½012)], the 2013 novel reassortant H1N2 isolate [A/swine/Korea/CY0423/2013 (CY0423-12/2013)] replicated more efficiently in differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells. The CY0423-12/2013 virus induced higher viral titers than the CY03-1½012 virus in the lungs and nasal turbinates of infected mice and nasal wash samples of ferrets. Moreover, the 2013 H1N2 reassortant, but not the intact 2012 H1N2 virus, was transmissible to naive contact ferrets via respiratory-droplets. Noting that the viral precursors have the ability to infect humans, our findings highlight the potential threat of a novel reassortant H1N2 SIV to public health and underscore the need to further strengthen influenza surveillance strategies worldwide, including swine populations.
Hwang, H.,Kim, K.I.,Kwon, J.,Kim, B.S.,Jeong, H.S.,Jang, S.J.,Oh, P.S.,Park, H.S.,Lim, S.T.,Sohn, M.H.,Jeong, H.J. Pergamon Press 2017 Nuclear medicine and biology Vol.52 No.-
<P>Advances in knowledge: Transarterial embolization is a conceivable treatment option for patients with inoperable liver cancer to mitigate the disease progression. Recently, we have developed chitosan-based hydrogel microparticles. In the present study, the hydrogel microparticles were radiolabeled with I-131 for treatment of liver cancer. Our results demonstrated that a hepatic arterial injection of I-125 -labeled Chi resulted in substantial liver accumulation, which was accompanied by virtually no extrahepatic deposition. The results of the present study also showed that administration of I-131 Chi markedly suppressed tumor growth, compared to controls and to animals receiving unlabeled Chi. I-131 -labeled chitosan hydrogel microparticles represent a new therapeutic approach for treatment of liver cancer. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>
Kang, H.M.,Lee, E.K.,Song, B.M.,Heo, G.B.,Jung, J.,Jang, I.,Bae, Y.C.,Jung, S.C.,Lee, Y.J. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2017 Veterinary microbiology Vol.198 No.-
<P>A highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus was first detected in poultry and wild birds in South Korea in January 2014. Here, we determined the pathogenicity and transmissibility of three different clades of 1-15 viruses in mandarin ducks to examine the potential for wild bird infection. H5N8 (Glade 2.3.4.4) replicated more efficiently in the upper and lower respiratory tract of mandarin ducks than two previously identified H5N1 virus clades (clades 2.2 and 2.3.2.1). However, none of the mandarin ducks infected with H5N8 and H5N1 viruses showed severe clinical signs or mortality, and gross lesions were only observed in a few tissues. Viral replication and shedding were greater in H5N8-infected ducks than in H5N1-infected ducks. Recovery of all viruses from control duck in contact with infected ducks indicated that the highly pathogenic H5 viruses spread horizontally through contact. Taken together, these results suggest that H5N8 viruses spread efficiently in mandarin ducks. Further studies of pathogenicity in wild birds are required to examine possible long-distance dissemination via migration routes. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Jang, W.J.,Jeong, D.W.,Shim, J.O.,Kim, H.M.,Roh, H.S.,Son, I.H.,Lee, S.J. Applied Science Publishers 2016 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.173 No.-
<P>Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of the combined steam and carbon dioxide reforming of methane (CSCRM) and side reactions was performed using total Gibbs free energy minimization. The effects of (CO2 + H2O)/CH4 ratio (0.9-2.9), CO2:H2O ratio (3:1-1:3), and temperature (500-1000 degrees C) on the equilibrium conversions, yields, coke yield, and H-2/CO ratio were investigated. A (CO2 + H2O)/CH4 ratio greater than 1.2, a CO2:H2O ratio of 1:2.1, and a temperature of at least 850 degrees C are preferable reaction conditions for the synthesis gas preparation in the gas to liquid process. Simulated conditions were applied to the CSCRM reaction and the experimental data were compared with the thermodynamic equilibrium results. The thermodynamic equilibrium results were mostly consistent with the experimental data, but the reverse water gas shift reaction rapidly occurred in the real chemical reaction and under excess oxidizing agent conditions. In addition, a long-term stability test (under simulated conditions) showed that the equilibrium conversion was maintained for 500 h and that the coke formation on the used catalyst was not observed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Kim, K.H.,Kim, S.J.,Cho, H.J.,Kim, N.H.,Jang, J.S.,Choi, S.J.,Kim, I.D. Elsevier Sequoia 2017 Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Vol.241 No.-
<P>In this work, a novel catalytic synthesis and functionalization method using apoferritin is used to fabricate RuO2 nanoparticles (NPs) loaded WO3 nanofibers (NFs) for potential diagnosis of diabetes. Catalytic ruthenium (Ru) NPs with very small average diameters of 1.8 +/- 0.9 nm were synthesized using apoferritin which is a hollow protein cage, and were easily functionalized on WO3 NFs by introducing electrospinning solution with W precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). As-spun Ru NPs-loaded W precursor/PVP composite NFs were calcined at 600 degrees C for 1 h in air atmosphere to achieve RuO2-functionalized WO3 NFs. The small size and uniform distribution of catalytic RuO2 NPs were well maintained due to hollow nature of apoferritin cages after calcination. The chemo-resistive sensors using RuO2-functionalized WO3 NFs showed significantly enhanced acetone (CH3COCH3) sensing response (R-air/R-gas = 78.61-5 ppm), which was 7.4 times higher than the response (R-air/R-gas =10.61-5 ppm) of pristine WO3 NFs at highly humid atmosphere (95% RH). In addition, the RuO2-functionalized WO3 NFs showed outstanding selectivity toward acetone gas in comparison with other gases such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), toluene (C6H5CH3), ethanol (C2H5OH), pentane (C5H12), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H-2), and water vapor (H2O) at 5 ppm. These results represent potential feasibility for the detection of acetone in exhaled breath for diagnosis of diabetes. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Effect of the Length of Feed Withdrawal on Weight Loss, Yield and Meat Color of Broiler
Kim, D.H.,Yoo, Y.M.,Kim, S.H.,Jang, B.G.,Park, B.Y.,Cho, S.H.,Seong, P.N.,Hah, K.H.,Lee, J.M.,Kim, Y.K.,Hwang, I.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.1
The current study was conducted to determine the optimum length of feed withdrawal for pre-harvest broilers. A total of three hundred broilers were sampled from an industrial population, and 30 chicks for each weight group (e.g., 1.5 and 2.5 kg) were randomly assigned to feed withdrawal treatments for 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h. Weight loss, yield, muscle pH, objective meat color and weights of gastro intestinal contents, crop, gizzard, provenriculus, small intestine, caecum, and rectum were determined. Live weight loss was significantly (p<0.05) increased as length of feed withdrawal extended. A significant (p<0.05) carcass yield for both 1.5 and 2.5 kg groups coincided after 9 and 6 h feed withdrawal, respectively. Net weights of intestinal contents for crop and gizzard were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by 6 h, and the reduction for proventriculus and small intestine occurred from 3 h. A noticeable effect of feed withdrawal on pH for breast muscle at 3 h postmortem occurred only when chicks were fasted for 3 h of which pH (6.05) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that for other groups including the control (5.74). There was a linear tendency of higher lightness (Hunter L* value) numerically for chicks fasted for longer periods. The highest coefficient of determinations of regression models to estimate weight loss as a function of fasting period and body weights were achieved, when the models included both linear and quadratic terms for fasting period, and linear term for both 1.5 ($R^2=0.76$) and 2.5 kg ($R^2=0.78$) body weight groups. Given the practical aspect, approximately 1.5 kg of body weight is dominant, weight loss could be predicted by the following function; live weight $loss=26.6-0.28{\times}(fasting period)^2+12.34{\times}pasting\;period-0.012{\times}body\;weight$, $R^2=0.76$. Current data implied that the optimum fasting time for pre-slaughter chicks varied depending on slaughter weight; 6 and 9-h fasting were recommendable for 2.5 and 1.5 kg chicks, with little effect on objective meat color.