Full-length genomic analysis of porcine G9P[23] and G9P[7] rotavirus strains isolated from pigs with diarrhea in South Korea

Kim, H.H.,Matthijnssens, J.,Kim, H.J.,Kwon, H.J.,Park, J.G.,Son, K.Y.,Ryu, E.H.,Kim, D.S.,Lee, W.S.,Kang, M.I.,Yang, D.K.,Hyun, B.H.,Park, S.I.,Park, S.J.,Cho, K.O. Elsevier Science 2012 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.12 No.7

Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are agents causing severe gastroenteritis in infants and young animals. G9 RVA strains are believed to have originated from pigs. However, this genotype has emerged as the fifth major human RVA genotype worldwide. To better understand the relationship between human and porcine RVA strains, complete RVA genome data are needed. For human RVA strains, the number of complete genome data have grown exponentially. However, there is still a lack of complete genome data on porcine RVA strains. Recently, G9 RVA strains have been identified as the third most important genotype in diarrheic pigs in South Korea in combinations with P[7] and P[23]. This study is the first report on complete genome analyses of 1 G9P[7] and 3 G9P[23] porcine RVA strains, resulting in the following genotype constellation: G9-P[7]/P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1. By comparisons of these genotype constellations, it was revealed that the Korean G9P[7] and G9P[23] RVA strains possessed a typical porcine RVA backbone, similar to other known porcine RVA strains. However, detailed phylogenetic analyses revealed the presence of intra-genotype reassortments among porcine RVA strains in South Korea. Thus, our data provide genetic information of G9 RVA strains increasingly detected in both humans and pigs, and will help to establish the role of pigs as a source or reservoir for novel human RVA strains.

Interleukin-18, transforming growth factor-β, and vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to primary glomerulonephritis

Choi, H.-J.,Cho, J.-H.,Kim, J.-C.,Seo, H.-J.,Hyun, S.-H.,Kim, G.-H.,Choi, J.-Y.,Choi, H.-J.,Ryu, H.-M.,Cho, J.-H.,Park, S.-H.,Kim, Y.-L.,Han, S.,Kim, C.-D. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Tissue antigens Vol.76 No.4

<P>Several studies have showed an association of gene polymorphisms with the development of glomerulonephritis (GN). We investigated the effects of gene polymorphisms on the development of GN by analyzing polymorphisms in the interleukin (IL)-18, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes in Korean patients with primary GN. The study included 146 normal subjects (controls) and 100 patients diagnosed with primary GN by kidney biopsy. The gene polymorphisms A-607C and G-137C in <I>IL-18</I>, C-509T and T869C in <I>TGF-</I>β<I>1</I>, and C-2578A and C405G in <I>VEGF</I> were investigated in DNA extracted from peripheral blood. Significant differences were observed between the GN and control groups in the genotype and allele frequencies of A-607C <I>IL-18</I> and C405G <I>VEGF</I>. The frequencies of the <I>IL-18</I>−607CC genotype [<I>P</I> = 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 2.473] and the <I>VEGF</I> 405GG genotype (<I>P</I> = 0.001, OR = 2.473) were significantly increased in the GN group. The combination of <I>IL-18</I>−607CC+ and <I>VEGF</I> 405GG+ genotypes had a higher risk for developing GN in comparison with the combination of <I>IL-18</I>−607CC− and <I>VEGF</I> 405GG− genotypes (<I>P</I> < 0.001, OR = 8.642). In the haplotype analysis of the <I>IL-18</I> gene, the CG haplotype was significantly more frequent in the GN group than the control group (61.5% <I>vs</I> 46.9%, <I>P</I> = 0.002). These results show that the −607CC genotype of the <I>IL-18</I> gene and the 405GG genotype of the <I>VEGF</I> gene are associated with susceptibility to and the development of primary GN.</P>

Gold-coated silicon nanowire-graphene core-shell composite film as a polymer binder-free anode for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

Kim, H.J.,Lee, S.E.,Lee, J.,Jung, J.Y.,Lee, E.S.,Choi, J.H.,Jung, J.H.,Oh, M.,Hyun, S.,Choi, D.G. North-Holland 2014 Physica E, Low-dimensional systems & nanostructure Vol.61 No.-

<P>We designed and fabricated a gold (Au)-coated nanowires/graphene (Au-SiNWs/G) hybrid composite as a polymer binder free anode for rechargeable lithium ion batteries (LIBs). A large amount of SiNWs for LIB anode materials can be prepared by metal assisted chemical etching (MaCE) process. The Au-SiNVVs/G composite film on current collector was obtained by vacuum filtration using an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane and hot pressing method. Our experimental results show that the Au-SiNVVs/G composite has a stable reversible capacity of about 1520 mA h/g which was maintained for 20 cycles. The Au-SiNWs/G composite anode showed much better cycling performance than SiNWs/ polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDE)/Super-P, SiNWs/G composite, and pure SiNWs anodes. The improved electrochemical properties of the Au-SiNWs/G composite anode material is mainly ascribed to the composite's porous network structure.,(C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Wild waterfowl migration and domestic duck density shape the epidemiology of highly pathogenic H5N8 influenza in the Republic of Korea

Hill, Sarah C.,Lee, Youn-Jeong,Song, Byung-Min,Kang, Hyun-Mi,Lee, Eun-Kyoung,Hanna, Amanda,Gilbert, Marius,Brown, Ian H.,Pybus, Oliver G. Elsevier Science 2015 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.34 No.-

<▼1><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>•<P>Phylogeographic analyses of H5N8, including 49 new sequences from South Korea.</P>•<P>H5N8 movement was mostly among areas dense in wild and domestic ducks.</P>•<P>New viral introductions to South Korea occurred at time of wild bird migration.</P>•<P>H5N8 epidemiology is shaped by wild waterfowl migration and domestic duck density.</P>•<P>H5N8 may have entered Europe at least twice, and Asia at least three times.</P></P></▼1><▼2><P>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses threaten human and animal health yet their emergence is poorly understood, partly because sampling of the HPAI Asian-origin H5N1 lineage immediately after its identification in 1996 was comparatively sparse. The discovery of a novel H5N8 virus in 2013 provides a new opportunity to investigate HPAI emergence in greater detail. Here we investigate the origin and transmission of H5N8 in the Republic of Korea, the second country to report the new strain. We reconstruct viral spread using phylogeographic methods and interpret the results in the context of ecological data on poultry density, overwintering wild bird numbers, and bird migration patterns. Our results indicate that wild waterfowl migration and domestic duck density were important to H5N8 epidemiology. Specifically, we infer that H5N8 entered the Republic of Korea via Jeonbuk province, then spread rapidly among western provinces where densities of overwintering waterfowl and domestic ducks are higher, yet rarely persisted in eastern regions. The common ancestor of H5N8 in the Republic of Korea was estimated to have arrived during the peak of inward migration of overwintering birds. Recent virus isolations likely represent re-introductions via bird migration from an as-yet unsampled reservoir. Based on the limited data from outside the Republic of Korea, our data suggest that H5N8 may have entered Europe at least twice, and Asia at least three times from this reservoir, most likely carried by wild migrating birds.</P></▼2>

700-nm Zwitterionic Near-Infrared Fluorophores for Dual-Channel Image-Guided Surgery

Hyun, H.,Henary, M.,Gao, T.,Narayana, L.,Owens, E. A.,Lee, J. H.,Park, G.,Wada, H.,Ashitate, Y.,Frangioni, J. V. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2016 Molecular imaging and biology Vol.18 No.1

<P>Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a family of 700-nm zwitterionic pentamethine indocyanine near-infrared fluorophores that would permit dual-channel image-guided surgery. Procedures: Three complementary synthetic schemes were used to produce novel zwitterionic chemical structures. Physicochemical, optical, biodistribution, and clearance properties were compared to Cy5.5, a conventional pentamethine indocyanine now used for biomedical imaging. Results: ZW700-1a, ZW700-1b, and ZW700-1c were synthesized, purified, and analyzed extensively in vitro and in vivo. All molecules had extinction coefficients >= 199,000 M-1 cm(-1), emission >= 660 nm, and stability >= 99 % after 24 h in warm serum. In mice, rats, and pigs, >= 80 % of the injected dose was completely eliminated from the body via renal clearance within 4 h. Either alone or conjugated to a tumor targeting ligand, ZW700-1a permitted dual-channel, high SBR, and simultaneous imaging with 800-nm NIR fluorophores using the FLARE (R) imaging system. Conclusions: Novel 700-nm zwitterionic NIR fluorophores enable dual-NIR image-guided surgery.</P>

혐기성 발효에서 수소생성을 위한 pH와 무산소조건의 영향

황문현(Moon H. Hwang),장남정(Nam J. Jang),현승훈(Seong H. Hyun),홍순강(S. G. Hong),김인수(In S. Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2002 대한환경공학회지 Vol.24 No.11

제주재래흑돼지 자돈의 성장에 관한 연구

강민수,고봉석,조성환,현종훈,김현호,현승구,고기정,박미혜 濟州大學校 農科大學 動物科學硏究所 1999 動物科學論叢 Vol.14 No.1

This study was conducted to the suckling behavior on the growth of Cheju native black piglet during the suckling period. The data for this study were obtained from 24 heads of Cheju native black piglet(fema1e 15 and male 9). The traits studied were composition of milk, body weight and comformation of piglets. The results obtained in this study are summaried as follows; 1. The composition of clostrum were 80.11 % water, 19.89 % solids, 7.46 fat, 8.95 % protein, 3.29 % lactose, 0.29% minerals, pH value was 6.42. The composition of normal milk were 83.81 % water, 16.19 solids, 5.79 % fat, 5.34 % protein, 4.28 % lactose, 0.77 % minerals, pH value was 5.49. 2. The body weight in female and male piglets, respectively was 1.01 and 1.17 kg at birth, 4.64 and 5.36 kg at 3 wk, 9.49 and 11.04 kg at 6 wk of age. There difference between male and female was significant(p<O.&). 3. The withers height in female and male was 15.47 and 16.43 cm at birth, 23.91 and 24.86cm for 3 wk, 30.47 and 32.14 cm for 6 wk old piglets, respectively. There difference between male and female was significant(p<0.05). The back height in female and male was 16.19 and 16.93 cm at birth, 25.34 and 26.36 an 16.50 after 3 wk, 32.06 and 33.71 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female was significant(p<O.B). The croup height of female and male was 15.78 and 16.50cm at birth, 32.16 and 3 . 1 4 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female ivas significant(p<O.05). 4. The body length in female and male piglets was 18.69 and 19.79 cm at birth, 32.22 and 33.86 cm after 3 wk, 42.59 and 43.07 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference betiveen male and female ignificant(p<0.05). The chest girth in female and male piglets was 22.28 and 23.43 cm at birth, 38.31 and 39.6.1 cm after 3 wk. 37.81 and 50.00 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female was significant(p<0.05). 5. The chest width in female and male was 513 and 5.36 cm at birth, 8.93 and 10.07 cm after 3 wk, 12.09 and 13.00 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female was not significant(p<0.05). The pine width in female and male was 2.03 and 2.71 cm at birth, 3.97 and 4.93 cm after 3 wk, 5.88 and 6.57 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female was significant(p<0.05). 6. The shin circumference in female and male was 5.03 and 5.64 cm at birth, 7.34 and 7.79 cm after 3 wk, 8.86 and 9.36 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There difference between male and female was significant(p<0.05). The head length in female and male was 6.84 and 7.43 cm at birth, 9.87 and 10.21 cm after 3 wk, 12.41 and 13.00 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female was not significant(p<0.05). The head width in female and male was 4.16 and 4.57 cm at birth, 5.97 and 6.14 cm after 3 wk, 7.09 and 7.71 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female was not significant(p<0.05). 7. The ear length in female and male was 5.56 and 5.86 cm at birth, 8.47 and 9.14 after 3 wk, 10.78 and 11.50 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female was significant(p<0.05). The ear width in female and male was 4.19 and 4.64 cm at birth, 6.03 and 6.43 cm after 3 wk, 8.09 and 8.64 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female was significant(p<0.05). The tail length in female and male was 7.25 and 7.29cm at birth, 10.38 and 10.50 cm after 3 wk, 13.88 and 14.43 cm after 6 wk, respectively. There dfference between male and female was not significant(p<0.05).

제주재래흑돼지 자돈의 수유행동에 관한 연구

강민수,고봉석,조성환,현종훈,김현호,현승구,고기정,박미혜 濟州大學校 農科大學 動物科學硏究所 1999 動物科學論叢 Vol.14 No.1

This study was conducted to the suckling behavior on the growth of Cheju native black piglet during the suckling period. The data for this study were obtained from 24 heads of Cheju native black piglet(female 15 and male 9). The traits studied were composition of milk and suckling behaviour of piglets. The results obtained in this study are summaried as follows; 1. The suckling duration of piglets were 126.4 min. after 1 wk, 93.2 min. after 3 wk, 72.4 min. after 6 wk, respectively. There were significant difference between weeks(p<0.05). The suckling interval of piglets were 32.7 min. after 1 wk, 44.6 min. after 3 wk, 47.3 min. after 6 wk, respectively. There were significant difference between weeks(p<O.O5). The suckling frequency of piglets were 19.6 times after 1 wk, 14.5 times after 3 wk, 13.9 times after 6 wk, respectively. There were significant difference between weeks(p<O.O5). 2. The resting duration of piglets were 963 min. after 1 wk, 1023 min. after 3 wk, 966 min. after 6 wk, respectively. There were not significant difference between weeks(p<0.05). The playing duration of piglets were wk, 191 min. after 3 wk, 215 min. after 6 wk, respectively. There were not were 20 min. after 3 wk, 48 min. after 5wk, 62 min. after 6 wk, respectively There were significant difference between weeks(p<0.05). 3. The urination frequent). of piglets were 13.9 times after 1 ivk, 8.0 times after 3 wk, 1.7 times after 6 wk, respectively. There were significant dfference between weeks(p(O.01). The defecation frequency of piglets were 0.9 times after 1 wk, 1.8 times after 3 wk, 3.4 times after 6 wk, respectively. There tvere significant dfference between weeks(p<0.0l). The drinking water frequency of piglets were 3.3 times after 1wk, 48 times after 3 wk, 10.7 times after 6 wk. respectively. There were significant dfference between weeks(p<0.0l). 4. Protein content of native sows milk was considerablely higher than that of the introduced sows milk but the fat and sugar content in the milk were lower than those of introduced sows milk. The results of suckling behaviour and litter performance study of Cheju native piglets may contribute to the effective breeding and feedmg management of Cheju native black swine production.

Production of elemental sulfur and ammonium thiosulfate by the oxidation of H₂S containing water vapor and ammonia over V/Zr-PILC catalysts

Bineesh, K.V.,Kim, M.i.,Lee, G.H.,Selvaraj, M.,Hyun, K.,Park, D.W. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2012 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.18 No.5

The catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide in the presence of water and ammonia was studied over V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> supported on Zr-pillared clay catalysts (V/Zr-PILCs). The synthesized catalysts were examined using a variety of characterization techniques. A catalytic performance study using V/Zr-PILC catalysts showed that H<SUB>2</SUB>S was successfully converted to elemental sulfur and ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) without considerable emission of sulfur dioxide. The H<SUB>2</SUB>S conversion over V/Zr-PILCs increased with increasing the content of vanadia up to 6wt.%. This superior catalytic performance might be related to the uniform dispersion of vanadia species on the Zr-PILC support.

Cartilage Oligometric Matrix Protein-Angiopoietin-1 Promotes Revascularization Through Increased Survivin Expression in Dermal Endothelial Cells of Skin Grafts in Mice

Byun, S.J.,Choi, K.S.,Park, S.H.,Cho, N.W.,Hyun Yoo, C.,Yun, K.J.,Koh, Y.J.,Koh, G.Y.,So, B.J.,Yoon, K.H. American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriol 2007 The American journal of pathology Vol.171 No.5

The present study examined the effects of cartilage oligometric matrix protein angiopoietin-1 (COMP-Ang1) on the revascularization of mice skin grafts. Full-thickness skin grafts were autotransferred into BALB/c mice. The donor grafts were soaked in COMP-Ang1 protein (50 μg/ml, n = 10) or in bovine serum albumin (BSA) (50 μg/ml, n = 10) dissolved in 1 ml of sterile, phosphate-buffered saline for 5 minutes before transfer. Revascularization of the grafts was monitored using an intravital microscope on postoperative days 3, 4, and 5. Morphological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to evaluate platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and survivin expression and apoptotic signal in the transplanted grafts. Grafts soaked in COMP-Ang1 (COMP-Ang1 group) showed significantly increased revascularization compared with grafts soaked in BSA (BSA group) on intravital microscopy and platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 staining. The COMP-Ang1 group showed a significant increase of survivin expression in the endothelial cells and a reduction of apoptotic signal in comparison to the BSA group. Therefore, we believe that COMP-Ang1 provides the therapeutic benefit of enhancing the survival of vascular endothelial cells during transplantation of skin graft.