조선시대 간의대 천문관측기기 개발자

민병희,이민수,최고은,이기원,MIHN, BYEONG-HEE,LEE, MIN SOO,CHOI, GOEUN,LEE, KI-WON 한국천문학회 2016 天文學論叢 Vol.31 No.3

We study the manufacturers of the astronomical instruments invented as part of the so-called Ganui-Dae (astronomical platform) project in the reign of King Sejong (1418-1450) of the Joseon dynasty. The main purpose of this project was to compile the Chiljeongsan-Naepyeon, a Korean calendar, that lasted for 5.5 years from 1432 to 1438. Through this project, a total of 17 astronomical instruments such as the armillary sphere, celestial globe, and auto-striking clepsydra were developed. It is generally known that most of them were manufactured by Lee Cheon (李?, 1376-1451) and Jang Yeong-Sil (蔣英實, fl. 1423-1442). In this study, we investigate the accounts of the Veritable Records of King Sejong, Munjong, and Sejo, focusing on the inscription written out to memorize the completion of the Ganui-Dae project. We found that at least 12 persons took part in manufacturing the astronomical instruments of the Ganui-Dae project. Lee Cheon was involved in the production of four instruments, while Jang Yeong-Sil was involved in two; therefore, it seems that the achievement of Jang Yeong-Sil was overestimated. We also found that Jeong Cho (鄭招, ?-1434) was a scientist and Lee Cheon was an engineer in the early phase of the Ganui-Dae project, while King Sejong and Yi Sun-Ji (李純之, 1406-1465) played major role in the late phase. According to our study, King Sejong and Yi Sun-Ji were involved in the production of at least seven and five instruments, respectively. In conclusion, we believe that this study will be helpful to understand the practical manufacturers of the astronomical instruments invented during the Ganui-Dae project in the Joseon dynasty.

Silk and silkworm pupa peptides suppress adipogenesis in preadipocytes and fat accumulation in rats fed a high-fat diet.

Lee, Sun Hee,Park, Dongsun,Yang, Goeun,Bae, Dae-Kwon,Yang, Yun-Hui,Kim, Tae Kyun,Kim, Dajeong,Kyung, Jangbeen,Yeon, Sungho,Koo, Kyo Chul,Lee, Jeong-Yong,Hwang, Seock-Yeon,Joo, Seong Soo,Kim, Yun-Bae Steinkopff 2012 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION Vol.51 No.8

<P>The objective was to confirm the anti-obesity activity of a silk peptide (SP) and a silkworm pupa peptide (SPP) in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and to elucidate their action mechanism(s) in a preadipocyte culture system. In an in vitro mechanistic study, the differentiation and maturation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were stimulated with insulin (5 mu g/mL), and effects of SP and SPP on the adipogenesis of mature adipocytes were assessed. In an in vivo anti-obesity study, male C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFD containing SP or SPP (0.3, 1.0, or 3.0%) for 8 weeks, and blood and tissue parameters of obesity were analyzed. Hormonal stimulation of preadipocytes led to a 50-70% increase in adipogenesis. Polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses revealed increases in adipogenesis-specific genes (leptin and Acrp30) and proteins (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and Acrp30). The hormone-induced adipogenesis and activated gene expression was substantially inhibited by treatment with SP and SPP (1-50 mu g/mL). The HFD markedly increased body weight gain by increasing the weight of epididymal and mesenteric fat. Body and fat weights were significantly reduced by SP and SPP, in which decreases in the area of abdominal adipose tissue and the size of epididymal adipocytes were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and microscopic examination, respectively. Long-term HFD caused hepatic lipid accumulation and increased blood triglycerides and cholesterol, in addition to their regulatory factors Acrp30 and leptin. However, SP and SPP recovered the concentrations of Acrp30 and leptin, and attenuated steatosis. SP and SPP inhibit the differentiation of preadipocytes and adipogenesis by modulating signal transduction pathways and improve HFD-induced obesity by reducing lipid accumulation and the size of adipocytes.</P>

Self-assembled Hexameric Apo2L/TRAIL Complex Improves Tumor Apoptosis Efficacy in vitro and in vivo

Goeun SHIN,Jung Eun LEE,Dae-Hee LEE,Sung In LIM 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a cytokine that causes cell apoptosis, i.e., cell death, upon specific binding to the death receptor highly expressed on the surface of tumor cells but minimally on normal cells. Therefore, TRAIL has a potential as a targeted anticancer agent. However, its functionally active form, homo-trimer, is non-covalently associated and susceptible to decomposition. Nevertheless, efforts are being made to stabilize the trimeric conformation and further improve its efficacy by designing TRAIL oligomers which stimulate superclustering of the death receptors and subsequently amplify apoptotic signaling pathways. Here, we have constructed a novel hexameric TRAIL scaffold consisting of two complementary single-chain TRAILs (scTRAIL), each of which was expressed separately in bacterial system and assembled by simple mixing. We employed the microscale thermophoresis to examine the affinity of the scaffold towards the death receptor, as well as the strength of self-assembly. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown strong therapeutic efficacy of the scaffold in TRAIL-resistant U87-luc cells and HCT116-luc xenografted mouse model.

A nanohybrid system for taste masking of sildenafil

Lee, Ji-Hee,Choi, Goeun,Oh, Yeon-Ji,Park, Je Won,Choy, Young Bin,Park, Mung Chul,Yoon, Yeo Joon,Lee, Hwa Jeong,Chang, Hee Chul,Choy, Jin-Ho Dove Medical Press 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.7 No.-

<P>A nanohybrid was prepared with an inorganic clay material, montmorillonite (MMT), for taste masking of sildenafil (SDN). To further improve the taste-masking efficiency and enhance the drug-release rate, we coated the nanohybrid of SDN–MMT with a basic polymer, polyvinylacetal diethylaminoacetate (AEA). Powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared experiments showed that SDN was successfully intercalated into the interlayer space of MMT. The AEA-coated SDN–MMT nanohybrid showed drug release was much suppressed at neutral pH (release rate, 4.70 ± 0.53%), suggesting a potential for drug taste masking at the buccal cavity. We also performed in vitro drug release experiments in a simulated gastric fluid (pH = 1.2) and compared the drug-release profiles of AEA-coated SDN–MMT and Viagra<SUP>®</SUP>, an approved dosage form of SDN. As a result, about 90% of SDN was released from the AEA-coated SDN–MMT during the first 2 hours while almost 100% of drug was released from Viagra<SUP>®</SUP>. However, an in vivo experiment showed that the AEA-coated SDN–MMT exhibited higher drug exposure than Viagra<SUP>®</SUP>. For the AEA-coated SDN–MMT, the area under the plasma concentration– time curve from 0 hours to infinity (AUC<SUB>0-∞</SUB>) and maximum concentration (C<SUB>max</SUB>) were 78.8 ± 2.32 μg · hour/mL and 12.4 ± 0.673 μg/mL, respectively, both of which were larger than those obtained with Viagra<SUP>®</SUP> (AUC<SUB>0-∞</SUB> = 69.2 ± 3.19 μg · hour/mL; C<SUB>max</SUB> = 10.5 ± 0.641 μg/mL). Therefore, we concluded that the MMT-based nanohybrid is a promising delivery system for taste masking of SDN with possibly improved drug exposure.</P>

Implantable multireservoir device with stimulus-responsive membrane for on-demand and pulsatile delivery of growth hormone

Lee, Seung Ho,Piao, Huiyan,Cho, Yong Chan,Kim, Se-Na,Choi, Goeun,Kim, Cho Rim,Ji, Han Bi,Park, Chun Gwon,Lee, Cheol,Shin, Chong In,Koh, Won-Gun,Choy, Young Bin,Choy, Jin-Ho National Academy of Sciences 2019 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol.116 No.24

<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>We propose an implantable multireservoir device equipped with stimulus-responsive membrane to allow for on-demand and pulsatile drug delivery. The stimulus-responsive membrane is made of a thermosensitive polymer, POSS(MEO<SUB>2</SUB>MA-co-OEGMA), and photothermal nanoparticles of reduced graphene oxide. Each of the drug reservoirs is filled with the same amount of human growth hormone and capped with the stimulus-responsive membrane. Therefore, when implanted in living animals, the device herein can deliver drug reproducibly by rupturing a stimulus-responsive membrane only at the times of near-infrared irradiation applied from the outside body without showing complications.</P><P>Implantable devices for on-demand and pulsatile drug delivery have attracted considerable attention; however, many devices in clinical use are embedded with the electronic units and battery inside, hence making them large and heavy for implantation. Therefore, we propose an implantable device with multiple drug reservoirs capped with a stimulus-responsive membrane (SRM) for on-demand and pulsatile drug delivery. The SRM is made of thermosensitive POSS(MEO<SUB>2</SUB>MA-co-OEGMA) and photothermal nanoparticles of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and each of the drug reservoirs is filled with the same amount of human growth hormone (hGH). Therefore, with noninvasive near-infrared (NIR) irradiation from the outside skin, the rGO nanoparticles generate heat to rupture the SRM in the implanted device, which can open a single selected drug reservoir to release hGH. Therefore, the device herein is shown to release hGH reproducibly only at the times of NIR irradiation without drug leakage during no irradiation. When implanted in rats with growth hormone deficiency and irradiated with an NIR light from the outside skin, the device exhibits profiles of hGH and IGF1 plasma concentrations, as well as body weight change, similar to those in animals treated with conventional s.c. hGH injections.</P>

Bias Reduction by Imputation for Linear Panel Data Models with Nonrandom Missing

Goeun Lee,Chirok Han 한국계량경제학회 2018 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC THEORY AND ECONOMETRICS Vol.29 No.1

When no variables are observed for endogenous non-respondents of panel data, bias correction is available only for a limited class of instrumental variable estimators, which require strong conditions for consistency and often suffer from substantial efficiency loss. In this paper we examine a convenient alternative method of imputing the missing explanatory variables and then using standard bias-correction procedures for sample selection. Various bias-corrected estimators are derived and their performances are compared by Monte Carlo experiments. Results verify efficiency loss by the instrumental variable estimators and suggest that the imputation method is practically useful if it is applied to first-difference regression.

Mothers` Working Hours and Children`s Obesity

Goeun Lee,Hyoung-Ryoul Kim 대한직업환경의학회 2013 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.25 No.-

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find the association between mothers’ working hours and obesity of their children according to children’s age and gender. Methods: This study used data from the second and third year of KNHANES IV and the first year in KNHANES V (2008?2010). We calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) by using survey logistic regression to assess association of mother’s working hours with overweight or obesity of her children. The model was adjusted with household income, mothers’ education and obesity and mothers’ job characteristics. Results: 13?18 aged boys whose mothers worked under 40 hours per week were higher risk for obesity and overweight (including obesity) than 13?18 aged boys whose mothers worked 40?48 hours. 6?12 aged girls whose mothers worked 49?60 hours per week were more overweight (including obesity) than girls whose mothers worked 40?48 hours per week. 13?18 aged girls whose mothers worked over 60 hours were more overweight (including obesity) than the reference. Conclusion: This study showed that girls’ obesity was associated with mothers’ long working hours. Long working hours can influence health of workers’ family.

Parapheromones Suppress Chemotherapy Side Effects

Lee, Goeun,Yang, Eunhee,Kim, Sojin,Park, Cheung-Seog,Park, Yong Seek,Jin, Young-Ho American Society for Pharmacology Experimental The 2018 The Journal of pharmacology and experimental thera Vol.367 No.2

High-speed Gamma Imaging System for Nuclear Decommissioning and Waste Management

Goeun Lee,Junyoung Lee,Taehyeon Eom,Chan Hyeong Kim 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.1

Gamma imaging devices that can accurately localize the radioactive contamination could be effectively used during nuclear decommissioning or radioactive waste management. While several hand-held devices have been proposed, their low efficiency due to small sensors have severely limited their application. To overcome this limitation, a high-speed gamma imaging system is under development which comprises two quad-type detectors and a tungsten coded aperture mask. Each quad-type detector consists of four rectangular NaI(Tl) crystals with dimensions of 146×146 mm2 and 72 square-type photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The detectors are placed in front and back to serve as scatter and absorber, respectively, for Compton imaging. In addition, a coded aperture mask was fabricated in rank 19 modified uniformly redundant array pattern and placed in front of the scatter for coded aperture imaging. The system offers several advanced features including 1) high efficiency achieved by employing large-area NaI(Tl) crystals and 2) broad energy range of imaging by employing a hybrid imaging combining Compton and coded aperture imaging. The imaging performance of the system was evaluated through experiments in various conditions with different gamma energies and source positions. The imaging system provides clear images of the source locations for gamma energies ranging from as low as 59.5 keV (241Am) to as high as 1,330 keV (60Co). The imaging resolution was within the range of 7.5–9.4°, depending on gamma energies, when a hybrid maximum likelihood estimation maximization (MLEM) algorithm was used. The developed system showed high sensitivity, as the 137Cs source at distance, incurring dose rate lower than background level (0.03 μSv/h above background dose rate), could be imaged in approximately 2 seconds. Even under lower dose rate condition (i.e., 0.003 μSv/h above background dose rate), the system was able to image the source within 30 seconds. The system developed in the present study broadens the applicable conditions of the gamma ray imaging in terms of gamma ray energy, dose rate, and imaging speed. The performance demonstrated here suggests a new perspective on radiation imaging in the nuclear decontamination and radioactive waste management field.

현재와 미래의 긍정성과 부정성이 시간적 거리 판단과 시간표현에 미치는 영향

이고은(GoEun Lee),신현정(HyunJung Shin) 한국인지과학회 2018 인지과학 Vol.29 No.4

본 연구는 현재와 미래의 긍정성과 부정성이 특정 미래 시점까지 시간적 거리 판단에 미치는 영향과 시간표현에 미치는 영향을 경험적으로 검증해보고자 하였다. 실험 1에서는 현재와 미래를 긍정적이거나 부정적인 상황으로 조작하고 참가자들에게 미래 시점까지의 시간적 거리감을 판단하도록 요구하였다. 그 결과, 현재와 미래가 모두 긍정적인 경우이거나 현재는 긍정적이지만 미래가 부정적인 경우에 미래 시점까지의 시간적 거리를 가깝게 추정하였다. 반면에, 현재와 미래가 모두 부정적이거나 현재는 부정적이지만 미래가 긍정적인 경우에는 미래 시점까지의 시간적 거리를 먼 것으로 판단하였다. 아울러 시간적 거리 판단은 미래의 상황보다 현재의 상황이 더 큰 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 실험 2에서는 실험 1과 동일한 상황을 참가자들에게 제시하여 주관적 시간에 대한 느낌을 표현해볼 것을 요청하였고 그 결과를 토대로 주관적 시간표현을 인지적 측면과 정서적 측면으로 분류하였다. 실험 2의 결과를 근거로 하여 특정 미래시점을 빠르거나 가깝게 느끼는 주관적 시간을 ‘가용의 시간’이라는 용어로, 특정 미래 시점을 느리거나 멀게 느끼는 주관적 시간을 ‘감내의 시간’이라는 용어로 명명하였다. This study examines the effect of present and future situation on the temporal distance estimation to the future. The effect of present and future situation on time expression was verified. In Experiment 1, an experiment was conducted to investigated the effects of positivity/negativity situation of the present and the future on the judgment of subjective the distance to a certain future time. The results are as follows. When the present is positive and the future is negative, the future looks closer than the objective temporal distance and comes faster, When the present is negative and the future is positive, the future looks farther and comes slower. On the other hand, when the present and the future are both negative, the future looks coming slower. And when the present and the future are both positive, the future is expected to come faster. In Experiment 2, the cognitive and emotional aspects of subjective time through time expressions. It can be said to be ‘the time of perseverance’ in the sense of time for effort. On the other hand, when the present is positive compared to the future, the time seems go fast and we generally prefer to use cognitive expressions such as ‘fast’ and emotional expressions such as ‘near’ and ‘pleasant’ and ‘flutter’. It is ‘the time of availability’, which means the time to enjoy and utilize.