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Effects of Tourniquet Use on Quadriceps Function and Pain in Total Knee Arthroplasty
( David Liu Fracs ),( David Graham Mbbs ),( Kim Gillies M Hlth. Sc ),( R. Mark Gillies ) 대한슬관절학회 2014 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.26 No.4
purpose: A pneumatic tourniquet is commonly used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to improve surgical field visualisation but may result in quadriceps muscle ischaemia. We performed this study to analyse the effect of the tourniquet on recovery following TKA. materials and methods: A prospective randomised single-blinded trial was undertaken to examine the effect of the tourniquet on post-operative pain, swelling, blood loss, quadriceps function and outcome following TKA. Twenty patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were randomised to tourniquet or no tourniquet groups. Quadriceps function was assessed using surface electromyography (EMG) during active knee extension. results: The no tourniquet group had significantly less pain in the early post-operative period compared to the tourniquet group. There was no difference in Oxford knee score, range of motion, or thigh and knee swelling up to 12 months post-operatively. Quadriceps function, measured by surface EMG, was compromised for the first six months post-surgery by tourniquet use. The radiological cement mantle at the bone prosthesis interface at 12-month follow-up was not affected by the absence of a tourniquet. conclusions: We believe that it is safe and beneficial for our patients to routinely perform TKA without a tourniquet.
Carbon nanotube active-matrix backplanes for conformal electronics and sensors.
Takahashi, Toshitake,Takei, Kuniharu,Gillies, Andrew G,Fearing, Ronald S,Javey, Ali American Chemical Society 2011 Nano letters Vol.11 No.12
<P>In this paper, we report a promising approach for fabricating large-scale flexible and stretchable electronics using a semiconductor-enriched carbon nanotube solution. Uniform semiconducting nanotube networks with superb electrical properties (mobility of 20 cm2 V(-1) s(-1) and ION/IOFF of 10(4)) are obtained on polyimide substrates. The substrate is made stretchable by laser cutting a honeycomb mesh structure, which combined with nanotube-network transistors enables highly robust conformal electronic devices with minimal device-to-device stochastic variations. The utility of this device concept is demonstrated by fabricating an active-matrix backplane (128 pixels, physical size of 64 cm2) for pressure mapping using a pressure sensitive rubber as the sensor element.</P>
California from drought to deluge
Wang, S.-Y. Simon,Yoon, Jin-Ho,Becker, Emily,Gillies, Robert Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2017 Nature climate change Vol.7 No.7
<P>The dramatic switch from extreme drought to severe flooding in California, and the accompanying flip from atmospheric ridge to trough in the northeastern Pacific, exemplifies the pathways to an intensified water cycle under a warming climate.</P>
Nanowire active-matrix circuitry for low-voltage macroscale artificial skin
Takei, Kuniharu,Takahashi, Toshitake,Ho, Johnny C.,Ko, Hyunhyub,Gillies, Andrew G.,Leu, Paul W.,Fearing, Ronald S.,Javey, Ali Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2010 NATURE MATERIALS Vol.9 No.10
Large-scale integration of high-performance electronic components on mechanically flexible substrates may enable new applications in electronics, sensing and energy. Over the past several years, tremendous progress in the printing and transfer of single-crystalline, inorganic micro- and nanostructures on plastic substrates has been achieved through various process schemes. For instance, contact printing of parallel arrays of semiconductor nanowires (NWs) has been explored as a versatile route to enable fabrication of high-performance, bendable transistors and sensors. However, truly macroscale integration of ordered NW circuitry has not yet been demonstrated, with the largest-scale active systems being of the order of 1??cm<SUP>2</SUP> (refs?11,15). This limitation is in part due to assembly- and processing-related obstacles, although larger-scale integration has been demonstrated for randomly oriented NWs (ref.?16). Driven by this challenge, here we demonstrate macroscale (7?7??cm<SUP>2</SUP>) integration of parallel NW arrays as the active-matrix backplane of a flexible pressure-sensor array (18?19?pixels). The integrated sensor array effectively functions as an artificial electronic skin, capable of monitoring applied pressure profiles with high spatial resolution. The active-matrix circuitry operates at a low operating voltage of less than 5??V and exhibits superb mechanical robustness and reliability, without performance degradation on bending to small radii of curvature (2.5??mm) for over 2,000 bending cycles. This work presents the largest integration of ordered NW-array active components, and demonstrates a model platform for future integration of nanomaterials for practical applications.
Zhang, Xiaobo,Pint, Cary L.,Lee, Min Hyung,Schubert, Bryan Edward,Jamshidi, Arash,Takei, Kuniharu,Ko, Hyunhyub,Gillies, Andrew,Bardhan, Rizia,Urban, Jeffrey J.,Wu, Ming,Fearing, Ronald,Javey, Ali American Chemical Society 2011 NANO LETTERS Vol.11 No.8
<P>A simple approach is described to fabricate reversible, thermally- and optically responsive actuators utilizing composites of poly(<I>N</I>-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) loaded with single-walled carbon nanotubes. With nanotube loading at concentrations of 0.75 mg/mL, we demonstrate up to 5 times enhancement to the thermal response time of the nanotube-pNIPAM hydrogel actuators caused by the enhanced mass transport of water molecules. Additionally, we demonstrate the ability to obtain ultrafast near-infrared optical response in nanotube-pNIPAM hydrogels under laser excitation enabled by the strong absorption properties of nanotubes. The work opens the framework to design complex and programmable self-folding materials, such as cubes and flowers, with advanced built-in features, including tunable response time as determined by the nanotube loading.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2011/nalefd.2011.11.issue-8/nl201503e/production/images/medium/nl-2011-01503e_0002.gif'></P>
권주원(Juwon Kwon),윤길중(Gilly Yun),김승종(Seungjong Kim),정유채(Yuchae Jung),권순철(Soon Chul Kwon) 대한전자공학회 2020 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.8
In this paper, we described a technique for improving diagnostic performance using deep learning for Oligodendroglioma, one of brain tumors. Certain diseases, such as brain tumors, have a data imbalance problem because the number of patients in each hospital is not uniform. To solve this problem, we intended to introduce a data augmentation technique using GAN, a deep learning generation model. The experiment compared the training performance of the two groups with the dataset without fake data and the dataset with additional fake data. As a result, we showed a slight improvement in training performance and training stability.