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Rapid Typing of Clinical Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by IS6110-based Outward PCR
이혜영,--,--,--,--,-- THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 2004 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.10 No.2
Worldwide, tuberculosis remains one of the leading infectious diseases, accounting for nearly 3 million deaths and more than 8 million new cases annually. DNA typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is important for the control of tuberculosis, since it can be used to track transmission route of tuberculosis, source of internal laboratory contaminations, and to answer questions on the nature of tuberculosis infections such as reactivation or exogenous reinfection of disease. At present, IS6110-based RFLP is the choice of method for typing large numbers of clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis, since it has the highest resolution power. However, RFLP requires long time, high cost and qualified experts, so only reference level laboratories can use the RFLP technique. In order to have an optional molecular typing method suitable for the clinical settings, this study evaluated the use of one of PCR-based typing methods, IS6110-based outward PCR for typing clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. In brief, the results from this study showed that IS6110-based RFLP is useful to discriminate diverse clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis as well as to identify clinical isolates that belong to the same family or cluster groups that have been previously classified by RFLP analysis. In addition, the banding profiles resulted from IS6110-based outward PCR seemed to represent genomic characteristics of M. tuberculosis, since strains belong to the K-family generated unique band that is not present in any other strains but present only in the genome of K-family strains. The IS6110-based outward PCR was also shown to be useful with DNAs isolated directly from liquid cultures indicating this method can be suitable for typing M. tuberculosis in clinical settings.
결핵균 약제감수성 검사의 비용효율성에 관한 다기관 연구
정석훈,이대동,최재철,김선주,신정환,정윤성,이은엽,오승환,배길한,장철훈 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.1
목적 : 우리나라에서의 결핵균 감수성 검사는 검출 균주의 일부에서만 시행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 모든 검출 균주들에 대해서 감수성검사를 실시하면서, 진료에 필요한 결과를 충분히 제공하고 경제적이면서 현실적인 감수성검사 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 재료 및 방법 : 5개 대학병원에서 일정기간 연속적으로 의뢰된 502균주의 감수성 결과를 분석하였다. 검사결과의 해석 및 2차 약제 감수성검사의 필요성은 NCCLS approved standard M24-A의 권고 기준에 따라 판단하였다. 결과 : 최소한 1가지 이상의 약제에 내성을 보인 경우는 초치료 환자의 10% (38/363), 재치료 환자의 61%(85/139)였으며, 다약제 내성을 보인 경우는 초치료 환자의 3% (11/363), 재치료 환자의 44% (61/139)였다. NCCLS 권고에 따라 2차 약제에 대한 감수성 검사를 시행하지 않아도 되는 경우는 초치료 환자의 96%, 재치료환자의 47%였다. 결론 : 초치료 환자는 95%에서 1차 약제에 대한 검사만으로 충분하므로 필요한 경우에만 2차 약제를 추가로 검사하고 재치료 환자에서는 1, 2차 약제를 동시에 검사할 필요가 있을 것으로 생각한다. Background : The anti-mycobacterial susceptibility test is performed on only a small percentage of clinical isolates in Korea. The aim of this study is to propose an anti-mycobacterial susceptibility testing scheme, which is not only economic and practical but also fully informative to physicians. Materials and Methods : The anti-mycobacterial susceptibility test results of 502 strains, isolated from five university-affiliated hospitals, were analysed. The interpretation of the results and the need for second-line drug susceptibility test were judged according to the recommendation of NCCLS M24-A guidelines. Results : The isolates from 10% (38/363) of treatment-navie patients and 61% (85/139) of retreatment patients showed resistance to at least one of the anti-mycobactial agents; 3% (11/363) and 44% (61/139) of isolates from each group were multi-drug resistant. According to the recommendation by NCCLS, the percentage of patients not needing the susceptibility test results for second-line drugs were 96% for treatment-naive and 47% for re-treatment patients. Conclusion : Since the susceptibility test against first-line drug is sufficient for 95% of treatment-navie patients with tuberculosis patients, susceptibility test against second-line drugs may be performed only when it is necessary. As for the re-treatment patients with tuberculosis, susceptibility test for both first-line and second-line drugs should be performed simultaneously.
Generation of Antigen Specific Murine T Cell Lines and Clones
Bai,Gill Han 서울大學校保建大學院 1993 國民保健硏究所硏究論叢 Vol.3 No.1
각종 T cell line 과 clone 을 확립하기 위한 방법이 개발됨에 따라 면역학적 반응에 대한 이해와 면역학 전반 분야의 발전이 크게 촉진되었다. 그러나 면역학적 연구에 가장 기본적이고도 중요하게 이용되는 이 방법이 실제로는 실험실마다 차이를 보이고 있어 표준화를 통한 기술 접근을 용이하게 함이 절실하였다. 본 논문에서는 T cell line 과 clone 을 얻기위해 가장 보편적이면서도 비교적 편리하게 쓰일 수 있는 방법을 제시함으로써, T cell 관련 연구자들에게 도움을 주고자 하였다. Within the field of T cell approach an armamentarium of methods is accumulating and has already been appiled on fairly extensive scale. However, these methods are still under intensive developments, and there is yet little agreement on the methods which are appropriate for particular problems. Author attempted to describe the existing techniques requried for generation of murine T cell and cloes with specific antigen reactivity in vitro. Optimal conditions for individual laboratories and experiments must be derived empirically with respect to variable conditions, but suggested techniques in this paper may be commonly useful in most laboratories.