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Financial Frauds on Payment Cards: The Role of Financial Literacy and Financial Education
Gianni Nicolini,Lucia Leonelli 국제금융소비자학회 2021 The International Review of Financial Consumers(IR Vol.6 No.1
The growing number of payment cards issued around the world, and the growing number of transactions generated by those cards (even thanks to the e-commerce trend) have seen an increase in the relevance of financial frauds based on the use of payment cards. Negative consequences from payment card frauds do not affect only the card users, but involve sellers, financial intermediaries, and other players in the payments system. The aims of this study are (1) to assess how financial literacy can help individuals to identify and avoid financial frauds related to the use of payment cards, and (2) to assess the effectiveness of a one-shot financial education seminar to increase the ability to identify and avoid a financial scam (“fraud literacy”). Data from a sample of college students was collected in 2019 and used to address both research questions. Results support the hypothesis that financial literacy can help financial consumers to avoid being a victim of a financial fraud, even if further analysis are required. Additional results show how financial literacy is related to financial confidence, with a risk of a potential “over-confidence” effect. Results from a diff-in-diff estimation suggest that a single seminar does not improve the ability to detect financial frauds.
Optimal Workpiece Orientation to Reduce the Energy Consumption of a Milling Process
Gianni Campatelli,Antonio Scippa,Lorenzo Lorenzini,Ryuta Sato 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.2 No.1
Energy consumption in the manufacturing sector is becoming a very hot topic due to its significant ecological relevance, especially for energy intensive processes such as machining. Machining finds nowadays large application mainly due to its high performance, in terms of both surface finish and tolerances achievable; as an example this is the key technology in dies and molds production, largely used in the automotive and housewares sectors. Process optimization could be carried out using different strategies, as already proposed by many authors, such as by optimizing machining parameters or implementing alternative toolpath capable of reducing both machining time and energy consumption. Within this paper will be presented a novel approach that takes into account the product orientation within the working zone of the machine. Milling machines are usually non symmetric regarding the energy consumptions of the axes due to the different masses that have to be moved, hence product orientation could sensibly affect energy consumption in performing a toolpath. Optimizing product orientation has the advantage not to affect product quality and require no adjustment of machining parameters. An approach to model the machine power consumption and to optimize the workpiece orientation is presented together with the results of validation experiments.
Gianni Campatelli,Filippo Montevecchi,Giuseppe Venturini,Giuseppe Ingarao,Paolo C. Priarone 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.7 No.1
Over the last years, additive manufacturing (AM) has been gathering momentum both in the academic and in the industrial world. Besides the obvious benefits in terms of flexibility and process capabilities, the environmental performance of such processes has still to be properly analyzed. Actually, the advantages of additive manufacturing over conventional processes are not obvious. Indeed, different manufacturing approaches result in different amounts of involved material and in different processing energy demands. Environmental comparative analyses are hence crucial to properly characterize AM processes. In this paper, an energetic comparison between the emerging wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process and a traditional machining-from-bulk solution to produce a steel blade is presented. A methodology accounting for all the material and energy flows of the whole component life cycle is proposed. Experimental measurements and environmental databases are used to quantify the primary energy demand at each stage of the life cycle. The results reveal that, for the analyzed case study, an integrated additive (WAAM)-subtractive manufacturing route enables significant material and primary energy savings with respect to traditionally applied approaches.
Financial Literacy in the US: A Robustness Check of the Lusardi-Mitchell Questions
Gianni Nicolini,Robin Henager 국제금융소비자학회 2022 The International Review of Financial Consumers(IR Vol.7 No.1
This study tested the reliability of financial literacy measures used in previous studies based on a set of items referred to as the "Lusardi-Mitchell questions". Using a sample of 514 American adults that completed a questionnaire with fifty financial literacy items, the authors compared (1) the results from a set of multivariate regression analyses that used the Lusardi-Mitchell questions to investigate the explanatory power of financial literacy on different financial behaviors, with (2) results that used alternative financial literacy measures that differ by the topic of the items or the number of the items. Doing so the paper investigate the chance that a scale based on a small number of items could not provide a precise measure of people financial literacy, due to a lack of information. Results suggest that the Lusardi-Mitchell questions provide a measure of financial literacy that is close to the results obtained using more sophisticated measures. In addition, the results supported the hypothesis that the financial literacy positively affects different financial behaviors.
The Assessment of Financial Literacy: The Case of Europe
Gianni Nicolini 국제금융소비자학회 2019 The International Review of Financial Consumers(IR Vol.4 No.2
The study starts from the definition of financial literacy and its components, to identify the criteria that an assess-ment methodology should have to properly measure it. In the second part, an empirical analysis of the degree of financial literacy of adult population in several European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, UK) is used to highlight similarities and to stress differences between countries. Results show how the availability of 50 items allows to differentiate the levels of financial literacy in various areas of knowledge (e.g. loans, investments, money management). The use of money (e.g. credit cards, debit cards, cash) is the area of knowledge where in-dividuals seem to be more well-informed and confident. Conversely, investment and investment products (e.g. stock, bonds) represent a weak point, with average scores being dramatically low.
Cost-Aware Dynamic Resource Allocation in Distributed Computing Infrastructures
Gianni M. Ricciardi,Soonwook Hwang 한국콘텐츠학회 2011 International Journal of Contents Vol.7 No.2
Allocation of computing resources is a crucial issue when dealing with a huge number of tasks to be completed according to a given deadline and cost constraints. The task scheduling to several resources (e.g. grid, cloud or a supercomputer) with different characteristics is not trivial, especially if a trade-off in terms of time and cost is considered. We propose an allocation approach able to fulfill the given requirements about time and cost through the use of optimizing techniques and an adaptive behavior. Simulated productions of tasks have been run in order to evaluate the characteristics of the proposed approach.
Cost-Aware Dynamic Resource Allocation in Distributed Computing Infrastructures
Ricciardi, Gianni M.,Hwang, Soon-Wook The Korea Contents Association 2011 International Journal of Contents Vol.7 No.2
Allocation of computing resources is a crucial issue when dealing with a huge number of tasks to be completed according to a given deadline and cost constraints. The task scheduling to several resources (e.g. grid, cloud or a supercomputer) with different characteristics is not trivial, especially if a trade-off in terms of time and cost is considered. We propose an allocation approach able to fulfill the given requirements about time and cost through the use of optimizing techniques and an adaptive behavior. Simulated productions of tasks have been run in order to evaluate the characteristics of the proposed approach.
Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Aqueous Extracts of Chenopodium ambrosioides Leaves in Rats
Marcel Gianni C. da Silva,Raimundo Neilson L. Amorim,Câmara, José Domingues Fontenele Neto,Benito Soto-Blanco 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.9
The present study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of aqueous extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves. To measure acute toxicity, rats were administered 0, 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 g/kg of aqueous extract from C. ambrosioides leaves by gavage. To analyze sub-chronic toxicity, rats were treated by oral gavage for 15 consecutive days with 0, 0.3, or 1.0 g/kg of extract of C. ambrosioides leaves. No animals from either trial exhibited any signs of toxicity. In the acute study, the highest dose of the extract led to an increase in the serum activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and a decrease in the serum levels of urea. In the sub-chronic test, rats treated with 1.0 g/kg for 15 days exhibited increased serum ALT activity and creatinine levels and mild cytoplasmic vacuolation of hepatocytes. The results indicate that aqueous extract from C. ambrosioides leaves produce slight hepatotoxic lesions in rats.