여수국가산업단지 인근 지역 대기오염물질 농도에 영향을 미치는 요인분석

김민영,변정훈,이영훈,이건영,한지은,이예림,임지현,장봉기 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2022 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.28 No.1,2

Eight monitoring stations in the Yeosu National Industrial Complex will determine the concentration of air pollutants measured every hour in 2019, analyze what factors affect them, and how they correlate with the air pollutant measurements. Six air pollutants (SO2, NO2, O3, CO, PM-10 and PM-2.5) measured at eight monitoring stations around Yeosu National Industrial Complex (Seogang-dong, Wolnae-dong, Munsu-dong, Yeocheon-dong, Deokchung-dong, Hwayang-myeon, Yulchon-myeon, Samil-dong) the measurement data for each hour of the year were downloaded to analyze the concentration by weather condition, time zone, season, separation distance from Yeosu Industrial Complex, and separation distance from Gwangyang Industrial Complex. SO2, NO2, and CO concentrations were significantly higher in winter, significantly lower in summer, and O3, PM-10, and PM-2.5 concentrations were significantly higher in spring. SO2, CO, PM-10, and PM-2.5 concentrations were significantly higher between 10 a.m. and 12 p.m., NO2 concentrations were significantly higher between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m., and O3 concentrations were significantly higher between 13 p.m. and 15 p.m.(p<0.001). The concentration of air pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, PM-10, PM-2.5) excluding O3 was found to have a negative (-) correlation with weather condition, and in the case of O3, it was found to have a positive (+) correlation with PM-10, PM-2.5, temperature and wind speed. It was confirmed that the concentration of air pollutants emitted from the Yeosu National Industrial Complex differs depending on the season, time and distance to the industrial complex. This study aims to establish measures to minimize health damage to residents living relatively close to the industrial complex and contribute to the establishment of management and response measures according to the properties of substances to reduce the concentration of air pollutants in the future.

정상인에서 전기 및 자기 자극을 이용한 설 근육의 전기생리학적 평가

조은미,류종현,안성환,조경원,임건한,김진호,김후원 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.1

Background: Abnormality of lingual muscles is clinically common. But its exact clinical assessment is quite difficult. Evaluation of motor power of the lingual muscles and their neural pathway is limited because of anatomical inaccessibility and individual variation of subjective symptoms. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the human motor cortex is a non-invasive tool to assess the functional integrity of the fast conducting central motor pathways and electrical stimulation of lingual nerve is a conventional method of peripheral nerve conduction. Therefore both study will be helpful to understanding of pathophysiology of lingual abnormality. Until now there is no such report in Korea. This study was conducted to acquire the easier method and normal control values of Korean subjects. Method: We recorded the motor responses from the lingual muscles of 32 healthy subjects (22 men, 10 women) by focal cortical TMS with a circular coil. Motor potentials were recorded by means of surface electrodes applied on the both side of the tongue, following TMS several centimeters lateral from the vertex and parietooccipital cortex and peripheral electrical stimulation of the 12th cranial nerve at the lateral 1/3 point of the line between the midline and angle of mandible. Results: During moderate motor activation, majority of maximal motor response were obtained 4-6cm lateral to the vertex with similar latencies. And the responses from magnetic stimulation of the intracranial segment of hypoglossal nerve were discarded because of difficulty to obtain and unsatisfactory reproducibility. The latency of motor evoked potentials in right cortical stimulation was 10.08 ± 1.17 msec and in left stimulation 10.04 ± 1.32 msec. The amplitudes in right 2.15 ± 1.02, left 2.09 ± 1.11 mV. The latencies electric hypoglossal nerve stimulation were 2.42 ± 0.34 in right, 2.49 ± 0.35 msec in left side. The amplitudes were 2.90 ± 2.37 in right, 2.43 ± 1.86 mV in left side. Central conduction times as calculated by subtracting the response latencies obtained by magnetic and electric stimulation are right 7.65 ± 1.19, left 7.55 ± 1.35 msec. There was no significant difference between man and woman, Conclusion: The method may be efficient, noninvasive, painless, and easy reproduced. With more extensive application to various neurological disorders, it comes close to being an ideal clinical conduction study technique for this cranial nerve.

D-Amphetamine Causes Dual Actions on Catecholamine Release from the Rat Adrenal Medulla

Geon-Han Lim,Gwang-Moon Na,Seon-Young Min,Yoo-Seok Seo,Chan-Won Park,Dong-Yoon Lim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2005 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.9 No.1

The present study was designed to examine the effect of d-amphetamine on CA release from the isolated perfused model of the rat adrenal gland, and to establish its mechanism of action. D- amphetamine (10∼100μM), when perfused into an adrenal vein of the rat adrenal gland for 60 min, enhanced the CA secretory responses evoked by ACh (5.32⁓10<SUP>⁣3</SUP> M), excess K<SUP>⁢</SUP> (5.6⁓10<SUP>⁣2</SUP> M, a membrane depolarizer), DMPP (10<SUP>⁣4 </SUP>M, a selective neuronal nicotinic N<SUB>n</SUB>-receptor agonist) and McN-A-343 (10<SUP>⁣4 </SUP>M, a selective M<SUB>1</SUB>-muscarinic agonist) only for the first period (4 min), although it alone has weak effect on CA secretion. Moreover, d-amphetamine (30μM) in to an adrenal vein for 60 min also augmented the CA release evoked by BAY-K-8644, an activator of the dihydropyridine L-type Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> channels, and cyclopiazonic acid, an inhibitor of cytoplasmic Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> ATPase only for the first period (4 min). However, in the presence of high concentration (500μM), d-amphetamine rather inhibited the CA secretory responses evoked by the above all of secretagogues. Collectively, these experimental results suggest that d-amphetamine at low concentrations enhances the CA secretion from the rat adrenal medulla evoked by cholinergic stimulation (both nicotininc and muscarinic receptors) as well as by membrane depolarization, but at high concentration it rather inhibits them. It seems that d-amphetamine has dual effects as both agonist and antagonist at nicotinic receptors of the isolated perfused rat adrenal medulla, which might be dependent on the concentration. It is also thought that these actions of d-amphetamine are probably relevant to the Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> mobilization through the dihydropyridine L-type Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> channels located on the rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cell membrane and the release of Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> from the cytoplasmic store.

D-Amphetamine Causes Dual Actions on Catecholamine Release from the Rat Adrenal Medulla

Lim, Geon-Han,Na, Gwang-Moon,Min, Seon-Young,Seo, Yoo-Seok,Park, Chan-Won,Lim, Dong-Yoon The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2005 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.9 No.1

The present study was designed to examine the effect of d-amphetamine on CA release from the isolated perfused model of the rat adrenal gland, and to establish its mechanism of action. Damphetamine $(10{\sim}100{\mu}M$), when perfused into an adrenal vein of the rat adrenal gland for 60 min, enhanced the CA secretory responses evoked by ACh ($5.32{\times}10^{-3}$ M), excess $K^+$ ($5.6{\times}10^{-2}$ M, a membrane depolarizer), DMPP ($10^{-4}$ M, a selective neuronal nicotinic $N_n-receptor$ agonist) and McN-A-343 ($10^{-4}$ M, a selective $M_1-muscarinic$ agonist) only for the first period (4 min), although it alone has weak effect on CA secretion. Moreover, d-amphetamine ($30{\mu}M$) in to an adrenal vein for 60 min also augmented the CA release evoked by BAY-K-8644, an activator of the dihydropyridine L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels, and cyclopiazonic acid, an inhibitor of cytoplasmic $Ca^{2+}$ ATPase only for the first period (4 min). However, in the presence of high concentration ($500{\mu}M$), d-amphetamine rather inhibited the CA secretory responses evoked by the above all of secretagogues. Collectively, these experimental results suggest that d-amphetamine at low concentrations enhances the CA secretion from the rat adrenal medulla evoked by cholinergic stimulation (both nicotininc and muscarinic receptors) as well as by membrane depolarization, but at high concentration it rather inhibits them. It seems that d-amphetamine has dual effects as both agonist and antagonist at nicotinic receptors of the isolated perfused rat adrenal medulla, which might be dependent on the concentration. It is also thought that these actions of d-amphetamine are probably relevant to the $Ca^{2+}$ mobilization through the dihydropyridine L-type $Ca^{2+}$ cha$N_n$els located on the rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cell membrane and the release of $Ca^{2+}$ from the cytoplasmic store.

Iron-uptake system of Vibrio vulnificus

Choon-Mee Kim · Geon-Han Lim · Sung-Heul Shin 조선대학교 의학연구원 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.1

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PHLDA3 overexpression in hepatocytes by endoplasmic reticulum stress via IRE1–Xbp1s pathway expedites liver injury

Han, Chang Yeob,Lim, Sang Woo,Koo, Ja Hyun,Kim, Won,Kim, Sang Geon BMJ Publishing Group 2016 Gut Vol.65 No.8

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in liver injury, but molecular determinants are largely unknown. This study investigated the role of pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member-3 (PHLDA3), in hepatocyte death caused by ER stress and the regulatory basis.</P><P><B>Design</B></P><P>Hepatic PHLDA3 expression was assessed in HCV patients with hepatitis and in several animal models with ER stress. Immunoblottings, PCR, reporter gene, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and mutation analyses were done to explore gene regulation. The functional effect of PHLDA3 on liver injury was validated using lentiviral delivery of shRNA.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>PHLDA3 was overexpressed in relation to hepatocyte injury in patients with acute liver failure or liver cirrhosis or in toxicant-treated mice. In HCV patients with liver injury, PHLDA3 was upregulated in parallel with the induction of ER stress marker. Treatment of mice with tunicamycin (Tm) (an ER stress inducer) increased PHLDA3 expression in the liver. X box-binding protein-1 (Xbp1) was newly identified as a transcription factor responsible for <I>PHLDA3</I> expression. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) (an upstream regulator of Xbp1) was required for PHLDA3 induction by Tm, whereas other pathways (c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6)) were not. PHLDA3 overexpression correlated with the severity of hepatocyte injury in animal or cell model of ER stress. In p53-deficient cells, ER stress inducers transactivated PHLDA3 with a decrease in cell viability. ER stress-induced hepatocyte death depended on serine/threonine protein kinase B (Akt) inhibition by PHLDA3. Lentiviral delivery of PHLDA3 shRNA to mice abrogated p-Akt inhibition in the liver by Tm, attenuating hepatocyte injury.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>ER stress in hepatocytes induces PHLDA3 via IRE1–Xbp1s pathway, which facilitates liver injury by inhibiting Akt.</P>

Effect Analysis for Frequency Recovery of 524 MW Energy Storage System for Frequency Regulation by Simulator

Lim, Geon-Pyo,Choi, Yo-Han,Park, Chan-Wook,Kim, Soo-Yeol,Chang, Byung-Hoon,Labios, Remund Korea Electric Power Corporation 2016 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.2 No.2

To test the effectiveness of using an energy storage system for frequency regulation, the Energy New Business Laboratory at KEPCO Research Institute installed a 4 MW energy storage system (ESS) demonstration facility at the Jocheon Substation on Jeju Island. And after the successful completion of demonstration operations, a total of 52 MW ESS for frequency regulation was installed in Seo-Anseong (28 MW, governor-free control) and in Shin-Yongin (24 MW, automatic generation control). The control system used in these two sites was based on the control system developed for the 4 MW ESS demonstration facility. KEPCO recently finished the construction of 184 MW ESS for frequency regulation in 8 locations, (e.g. Shin-Gimjae substation, Shin-Gaeryong substation, etc.) and they are currently being tested for automatic operation. KEPCO plans to construct additional ESS facilities (up to a total of about 500 MW for frequency regulation by 2017), thus, various operational tests would first have to be conducted. The high-speed characteristic of ESS can negatively impact the power system in case the 500 MW ESS is not properly operated. At this stage we need to verify how effectively the 500 MW ESS can regulate frequency. In this paper, the effect of using ESS for frequency regulation on the power system of Korea was studied. Simulations were conducted to determine the effect of using a 524 MW ESS for frequency regulation. Models of the power grid and the ESS were developed to verify the performance of the operation system and its control system. When a high capacity power plant is tripped, a 24 MW ESS supplies power automatically and 4 units of 125MW ESS supply power manually. This study only focuses on transient state analysis. It was verified that 500 MW ESS can regulate system frequency faster and more effectively than conventional power plants. Also, it was verified that time-delayed high speed operations of multiple ESS facilities do not negatively impact power system operations. It is recommended that further testing be conducted for a fleet of multiple ESSs with different capacities distributed over multiple substations (e.g. 16, 24, 28, and 48 MW ESS distributed across 20 substations) because each ESS measures frequency individually. The operation of one ESS facility will differ from the other ESSs within the fleet, and may negatively impact the performance of the others. The following are also recommended: (a) studies wherein all ESSs should be operated in automatic mode; (b) studies on the improvement of individual ESS control; and (c) studies on the reapportionment of all ESS energies within the fleet.

The study to estimate the floating population in Seoul, Korea

Geon Woo Lee,Yong Jin Lee,Youngeun Kim,Seung-Han Hong,Soohwaun Kim,Jeong Soo Kim,Jong Tae Lee,Dong Chun Shin,Youngwook Lim 환경독성보건학회 2017 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.32 No.-

Traffic-related pollutants have been reported to increase the morbidity of respiratory diseases. In order to apply management policies related to motor vehicles, studies of the floating population living in cities are important. The rate of metro rail transit system use by passengers residing in Seoul is about 54% of total public transportation use. Through the rate of metro use, the people-flow ratios in each administrative area were calculated. By applying a people-flow ratio based on the official census count, the floating population in 25 regions was calculated. The reduced level of deaths among the floating population in 14 regions having the roadside monitoring station was calculated as assuming a 20% reduction of mobile emission based on the policy. The hourly floating population size was calculated by applying the hourly population ratio to the regional population size as specified in the official census count. The number of people moving from 5 a.m. to next day 1 a.m. could not be precisely calculated when the population size was applied, but no issue was observed that would trigger a sizable shift in the rate of population change. The three patterns of increase, decrease, and no change of population in work hours were analyzed. When the concentration of particulate matter less than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter was reduced by 20%, the number of excess deaths varied according to the difference of the floating population. The effective establishment of directions to manage the pollutants in cities should be carried out by considering the floating population. Although the number of people using the metro system is only an estimate, this disadvantage was supplemented by calculating inflow and outflow ratio of metro users per time in the total floating population in each region. Especially, 54% of metro usage in public transport causes high reliability in application.

Nanocarbon-Induced Rapid Transformation of Polymer Surfaces into Superhydrophobic Surfaces

Han, Joong Tark,Kim, Jun Suk,Kim, Seong Hoon,Lim, Ho Sun,Jeong, Hee Jin,Jeong, Seung Yol,Lee, Geon-Woong American Chemical Society 2010 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.2 No.11

<P>We present a facile method for fabricating superhydrophobic polymer surfaces by solubility modulation and nanocarbon (NC)-induced crystallization of polycarbonate (PC). The method consists of dipping polymer sheets in a solvent in which the polymer is partially soluble and then inducing solution crystallization by dipping the sheet in a poor solvent for several seconds. A solvent mixture of methyl ethyl ketone and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) was optimized to shorten the crystallization time in a poor solvent. Single-walled carbon nanotubes, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), and graphene sheets were used to nucleate PC crystallization. In particular, monolayer graphene sheets were prepared by reducing graphene oxide with hydrazine. Crystalline micro- and nanostructures rapidly formed upon dipping of the PC sheets in the solution containing NCs, followed by immersion in IPA. The structures depended on the dimensions of the NCs. Especially, in the MWNT solution, dipping for 10 s was sufficient to create a superhydrophobic surface. Crystallization of PC and the incorporation of NCs during crystallization were characterized by Raman spectroscopy.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2010/aamick.2010.2.issue-11/am1008425/production/images/medium/am-2010-008425_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am1008425'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Photoluminescence and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Semiconductor Nanocomposites Consisting of ZnO Nanorods and CdS Nanodots

Lee, Geon Joon,Lee, YoungPak,Lim, Hyunjin,Cheong, Hyeonsik,Kil, Byung-Ho,Han, Sung-Hwan Korean Physical Society 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.58 No.5