Utilizing Semi-Natural Antibacterial Cellulose to Prepare Safe Azo Disperse Dyes and Their Application in Textile Printing

Galal A. M. Nawwar,Khlood S. Abdel Zaher,Elkhabiry Shaban,Nora M. A. El-Ebiary 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.6

The present study describes the synthesis of three new antibacterial azo disperse dyes from different diazotizedaryl amines (aniline, 2-aminothiazole, and sulfathiazole), followed by their reactions with a novel nontoxic antibacterialcyanoacetyl microcrystalline cellulose derivative (a) as a coupling component. The structures of the dyes were confirmed andelucidated by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The new dyes were also tested for antibacterial activity and toxicity, and theywere utilized for silk screen printing polyester and nylon 6 fabrics. The color strength and fastness properties of the dyes havebeen investigated, and they exhibited high resistance to washing, perspiration, and rubbing as well as fastness to sublimationand light. Moreover, the new dyes were tested for antibacterial activity on the printed polyester and nylon 6 fabrics.

Efficacy of combining ING4 and TRAIL genes in cancer-targeting gene virotherapy strategy: first evidence in preclinical hepatocellular carcinoma

Galal El-Shemi, A,Mohammed Ashshi, A,Oh, E,Jung, B-K,Basalamah, M,Alsaegh, A,Yun, C-O Nature Publishing Group 2018 Gene Therapy Vol.25 No.1

<P>Current treatments of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are ineffective and unsatisfactory in many aspects. Cancer-targeting gene virotherapy using oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) armed with anticancer genes has shown efficacy and safety in clinical trials. Nowadays, both inhibitor of growth 4 (ING4), as a multimodal tumor suppressor gene, and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), as a potent apoptosis-inducing gene, are experiencing a renaissance in cancer gene therapy. Herein we investigated the antitumor activity and safety of mono- and combined therapy with OAds armed with ING4 (Ad-ΔB/ING4) and TRAIL (Ad-ΔB/TRAIL) gene, respectively, on preclinical models of human HCC. OAd-mediated expression of ING4 or TRAIL transgene was confirmed. Ad-ΔB/TRAIL and/or Ad-ΔB/ING4 exhibited potent killing effect on human HCC cells (HuH7 and Hep3B) but not on normal liver cells. Most importantly, systemic therapy with Ad-ΔB/ING4 plus Ad-ΔB/TRAIL elicited more eradicative effect on an orthotopic mouse model of human HCC than their monotherapy, without causing obvious overlapping toxicity. Mechanistically, Ad-ΔB/ING4 and Ad-ΔB/TRAIL were remarkably cooperated to induce antitumor apoptosis and immune response, and to repress tumor angiogenesis. This is the first study showing that concomitant therapy with Ad-ΔB/ING4 and Ad-ΔB/TRAIL may provide a potential strategy for HCC therapy and merits further investigations to realize its possible clinical translation.</P>

Spectral SFEM analysis of structures with stochastic parameters under stochastic excitation

Galal, O.H.,El-Tahan, W.,El-Tawil, M.A.,Mahmoud, A.A. Techno-Press 2008 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.28 No.3

In this paper, linear elastic isotropic structures under the effects of both stochastic operators and stochastic excitations are studied. The analysis utilizes the spectral stochastic finite elements (SSFEM) with its two main expansions namely; Neumann and Homogeneous Chaos expansions. The random excitation and the random operator fields are assumed to be second order stochastic processes. The formulations are obtained for the system solution of the two dimensional problems of plane strain and plate bending structures under stochastic loading and relevant rigidity using the previously mentioned expansions. Two finite element programs were developed to incorporate such formulations. Two illustrative examples are introduced: the first is a reinforced concrete culvert with stochastic rigidity subjected to a stochastic load where the culvert is modeled as plane strain problem. The second example is a simply supported square reinforced concrete slab subjected to out of plane loading in which the slab flexural rigidity and the applied load are considered stochastic. In each of the two examples, the first two statistical moments of displacement are evaluated using both expansions. The probability density function of the structure response of each problem is obtained using Homogeneous Chaos expansion.

Heat transfer performance of condenser tubes in an MSF desalination system

T. Galal,A. Kalendar,A. Al-Saftawi,M. Zedan 대한기계학회 2010 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.24 No.11

The present research examines the amount of condensed fresh water off the outer-side surface of heat exchangers in an MSF system. The quantitative modeling of condensed water on the outer surface of comparable tubes, enhanced and plain, in a simulated MSF technique is investigated. An adapted simulation design on a test-rig facility, accounting for the condenser tubing in actual industrial desalination plate-form, is used with corrugated and smooth aluminum-brass material tubes 1100mm long and 23mm bore. A singlephase flow of authentic brine water that typifies real fouling is utilized to simulate the actual environmental life of a multi-stage flashing desalination system, with coolant flow velocity 0.1 m/s in the two delineated types of condenser tubing. It is demonstrated that the condensate water amount from the specified enhanced tube is about 1.22 times the condensate water amount from the smooth tube, adaptive for 140 running hours under deliberated constrains. The topic covers a comparative analysis of thermal performance. Comparing results with fresh water confirm the effect of fouling on significantly lowering the value of the overall heat transfer coefficient versus time. Fouling resistance Rf is reported with the critical coolant flow speed of 0.1 m/s. Comparison between the fouling resistance for both smooth and corrugated tubes versus time is performed. The fouling thermal resistance of the corrugated tube is 0.56 of the fouling thermal resistance of the smooth tube after140 running hours of the experiment are concluded. Overall, in the case of real brine, results prove that heat performance for the corrugated tube is superior to the plain tube over the studied time period (140 hrs) for the chosen range of flow speeds.

Spectral SFEM analysis of structures with stochastic parameters under stochastic excitation

O.H. Galal,W. El-Tahan,M.A. El-Tawil,A.A. Mahmoud 국제구조공학회 2008 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.28 No.3

In this paper, linear elastic isotropic structures under the effects of both stochastic operators and stochastic excitations are studied. The analysis utilizes the spectral stochastic finite elements (SSFEM) with its two main expansions namely; Neumann and Homogeneous Chaos expansions. The random excitation and the random operator fields are assumed to be second order stochastic processes. The formulations are obtained for the system solution of the two dimensional problems of plane strain and plate bending structures under stochastic loading and relevant rigidity using the previously mentioned expansions. Two finite element programs were developed to incorporate such formulations. Two illustrative examples are introduced: the first is a reinforced concrete culvert with stochastic rigidity subjected to a stochastic load where the culvert is modeled as plane strain problem. The second example is a simply supported square reinforced concrete slab subjected to out of plane loading in which the slab flexural rigidity and the applied load are considered stochastic. In each of the two examples, the first two statistical moments of displacement are evaluated using both expansions. The probability density function of the structure response of each problem is obtained using Homogeneous Chaos expansion.

Enhanced tubing thermal performance for innovative MSF system

A. Kalendar,T. Galal,A. Al-Saftawi,M. Zedan 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.8

Existing MSF systems experience severe mechanical difficulties due to fouling deposited inside the bore of the condenser tubes. The idea of replacing smooth tubing with enhanced tubing is discussed for innovative design. Performance analysis between enhanced and plain tubes is investigated experimentally, using a simulated design test rig. The study is performed for corrugated and smooth resemblance aluminum-brass tubes of 1100 mm length and 23 mm bore. Pumping different coolants as steady transition/turbulent flow, fresh water and authentic brine are conducted to simulate actual environmental conditions. Three different flow velocities are examined: 0.1,0.1645, and 0.2398 m/s. Comparing results of the brine with that of fresh water shows the effects of fouling on significantly lowering values of overall heat transfer coefficient versus time. The results confirm that the smooth tube has a greater fouling tendency than the corrugated tube. The effect of fouling is reduced as flow speed increases, and consequently, the asymptotic value of overall heat transfer coefficient U* increases. Values of U* for the enhanced tube are much higher than that of the smooth tube. The highest difference occurs at velocity 0.2398 m/s by a factor of about 1.5. Overall, by utilizing real brine, the results proved that heat performance of the employed corrugated tube is superior to the plain, over the studied time period, 140 hrs, and on the studied range of flow speeds.

Interaction Between time of Nodal Explant Collection and Growth Regulators Determines the Efficiency of Morus alba Micropropagation

Hassanein A.M.,Galal A.A.,Azooz M.M. The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.5 No.4

The hormonal requirement suiting micropropagation of Morus alba during any season throughout the year was studied. Sprouting frequency from axillary buds of M. alba was greatly influenced by the time of explant collection, the highest value was achieved when nodal explants were collected at the end of bud dormancy period (late in March) and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with low concentration (0.5 mg/L) of BAP, kinetin or IBA (85-68%). In addition, they showed higher axillary bud sprouting on growth-regulators-free medium (49%) than others collected in autumn or winter and cultured on medium supplemented with various growth regulators (47-48%). Regardless of that period, young explants with greenish buds collected in summer exhibiting high sprouting frequency (66%) on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L kinetin and 0.5 mg/L GA3. Shoot multiplication via adventitious bud formation was achieved when the nodal explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L IBA. Further multiplication via nodal explants of in vitro grown shoots was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mglL BAP and 0.5 mg/L GA3. While half strength MS medium supplemented with low concentration (0.5 mg/L) of IBA, IAA or 2,4-D stimulated adventitious root formation, IBA was the best. After transfer the plantlets to the soil, acclimatization for three weeks was essential prerequisite for survival in high frequency (92%). Peroxidase activity is related to break of bud dormancy where maximum enzyme activity was detected when the lateral buds were induced to commence growth under field condition (early in spring) or in vitro.

Oxazole, Pyrazole and Piperidine Derivatives Having an o-Hydroxy-aryl Moirty with Anticipated Molluscicidal Activity

Nawwar, Galal-A.M.,Swellem, Randa-H.,Ibrahim, Amal-M The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1994 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.17 No.2

The condensation reactions of hippuric acid and tis furyl derivative with salicyladehydes or that of salicylhippuric acid analogues with furadehyde led to the comesponding oxazoles. These wre subsequently treated with hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine or subjected to alkaline hydrolysis to yield new o-hydroxyaryl or salicyl containing derivatives. 5-Substituted salicylanilides were treated with piperidine and formaldehyde in a Mannich type reaction affording the corresponding 3-(N-piperidinomethyl) salicylanilides. It was noticed that the presence of an electron donating group in in position 3 in the salicylanilide moiety decrease the mollusicidal activity.

Micro-propagation Factors Essential for Mass Production of Synthetic Seeds in Banana

Hassanein A. M.,Ibrahiem I. A.,Galal A. A.,Salem J. M. M. The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.7 No.3

This work described some essential factors necessary for micro-propagation of banana for mass production of synthetic seeds for germ plasm conservation, and how peroxides activity of conserved tissue was influenced. Shoot tips of field grown plants were used to obtain shoot clusters on shoot proliferation medium (MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l BAP). Using longitudinally-split shoot tip technique, 18720, 8640, 7488, 2016 plantlets were obtained from one shoot tip of Maghraby, Grand Naine, Balady, and Williams, respectively, in six subculture, one month each, on solid medium. Shoot tips excised from in vitro grown plantlets were encapsulated in calcium-alginate beads and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for one month on half-strength MS basal medium without growth regulators or sugars. After one month all the viable-conserved synseeds formed shoots when they were transferred to MS basal medium, some of them showed synchronous formation of shoot and root systems in one week. Plants retrieved from encapsulated shoot tips were hardened off and transferred to soil.

Corrosion inhibition performance and computational studies of pyridine and pyran derivatives for API X-65 steel in 6 M H2SO4

Kurls E. Anwer,Ahmed A. Farag,Eslam A. Mohamed,Eman M. Azmy,Galal H. Sayed 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.97 No.-

The present investigation aims to synthesize and explore the influence of pyridine and pyran derivativeson the API X-65 steel corrosion in a 6 M H2SO4 solution. The compound was examined at differentconcentrations to optimized the best concentration for the corrosion inhibition effect, weight lossmeasurements, potentiodynamic polarization measurement (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and theoretical methods were used to evaluating theinhibition efficiency. The obtained adsorption data achieved the model of Langmuir isotherm. Thepyridine derivatives showed higher inhibition than pyran derivatives. The PDP tests proposed thatpyridine and pyran derivatives are mixed-type inhibitors. The EIS parameters demonstrate that thedouble-layer capacitance (Cdl) decreases with the increase of inhibitor concentration, which implies areduces dielectric constant. It was observed from experimental data that the inhibition efficiency reached92.7%, 89.1, 94.7, and 85.2% for concentration 2.66 10 3M of I, II, III and IV, respectively indicating theinhibition order is III > I > II > IV. The parameters derived from the theoretical quantum chemicalcalculations were found adequately correlated with the obtained experimental results.