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The in vivo photothermal treatment of gold nanorod in the mouse ear model
Liu, Bruce Yao Wen,Chen, Cheng-Lung,Lee, Shin-Yu,Chang, Fu-Hsiung,Lin, Win-Li,Chia, Chih-Ta,Chen, Yang-Yuan Techno-Press 2014 Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering Vol.1 No.1
Gold nanorod's exceptional light to heat transduction is a robust phonomenon that has been extensively verified. The phenomenon is a trait from which many novel applications across disciplines have been proposed. In this investigation, the feasibility of utilizing heat harvested from such photothermal method to combat cancer is presented. Using non-invasive laser methods, an in vivo study is conducted on mouse ear tumors administered with gold nanorods (Au NRs). An emphasis is placed on monitoring the tumor developments after photothermal treatments, over time. The findings reveal significant tumor growth surpression at a threshold laser power of $0.6W/cm^2$ lasting 2 minutes; this energy also brought about dramatic size reduction in treated tumors. Furthermore, the apparent formation of an eschar over the laser treated region indicates extensive hemorrhagic necrosis of the tumor tissue; a phenomenon implicative to the inhibition of angiogenesis.
Hydrogen sulfide inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli through oxidative damage
Liu-Hui Fu,Zeng-Zheng Wei,Kang-Di Hu,Lan-Ying Hu,Yan-Hong Li,Xiao-Yan Chen,Zhuo Han,Gai-Fang Yao,Hua Zhang 한국미생물학회 2018 The journal of microbiology Vol.56 No.4
Many studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is both detrimental and beneficial to animals and plants, whereas its effect on bacteria is not fully understood. Here, we report that H2S, released by sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), significantly inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies have shown that H2S treatment stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreases glutathione (GSH) levels in E. coli, resulting in lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. H2S also inhibits the antioxidative enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) and induces the response of the SoxRS and OxyR regulons in E. coli. Moreover, pretreatment with the antioxidant ascorbic acid (AsA) could effectively prevent H2S-induced toxicity in E. coli. Taken together, our results indicate that H2S exhibits an antibacterial effect on E. coli through oxidative damage and suggest a possible application for H2S in water and food processing.
The in vivo photothermal treatment of gold nanorod in the mouse ear model
Liu, Bruce Yao Wen,Chen, Cheng-Lung,Lee, Shin-Yu,Chang, Fu-Hsiung,Lin, Win-Li,Chia, Chih-Ta,Chen, Yang-Yuan Techno-Press 2014 Biomaterials and biomedical engineering Vol.1 No.1
Gold nanorod's exceptional light to heat transduction is a robust phonomenon that has been extensively verified. The phenomenon is a trait from which many novel applications across disciplines have been proposed. In this investigation, the feasibility of utilizing heat harvested from such photothermal method to combat cancer is presented. Using non-invasive laser methods, an in vivo study is conducted on mouse ear tumors administered with gold nanorods (Au NRs). An emphasis is placed on monitoring the tumor developments after photothermal treatments, over time. The findings reveal significant tumor growth surpression at a threshold laser power of $0.6W/cm^2$ lasting 2 minutes; this energy also brought about dramatic size reduction in treated tumors. Furthermore, the apparent formation of an eschar over the laser treated region indicates extensive hemorrhagic necrosis of the tumor tissue; a phenomenon implicative to the inhibition of angiogenesis.
Liu, Yao,Cui, Yun-Fu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9
Background: Triptolide, extracted from the herb Tripteryglum wilfordii Hook.f that has long been used as a natural medicine in China, has attracted much interest for its anti-cancer effects against some kinds of tumours in recent years. Artesunate, extracted from the Chinese herb Artemisia annua, has proven to be effective and safe as an anti-malarial drug that possesses anticancer potential. The present study attempted to clarify if triptolide enhances artesunate-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Methods: In vitro, to test synergic actions, cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed after treatment of pancreatic cancer cell lines with the two agents singly or in combination. The molecular mechanisms of apoptotic effects were also explored using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. In vivo, a tumor xenograft model was established in nude mice, for assessment of inhibitory effects of triptolide and artesunate. Results: We could show that the combination of triptolide and artesunate could inhibit pancreatic cancer cell line growth, and induce apoptosis, accompanied by expression of HSP 20 and HSP 27, indicating important roles in the synergic effects. Moreover, tumor growth was decreased with triptolide and artesunate synergy. Conclusion: Our result indicated that triptolide and artesunate in combination at low concentrations can exert synergistic anti-tumor effects in pancreatic cancer cells with potential clinical applications.
Shiyu Liu,Yuan Ge,Baijun Liu,Zhongyu Fu,Xiaoyu Yu,Ming Yao Zhang,Hui Xuan Zhang 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.6
A strategy to improve the cross-section homogeneity of thermal oxidative stabilized polyacrylonitrile for carbonmaterials was provided in the present work. A kind of comonomer, dimethyl itaconate (DMI), which possesses two bulkyside groups was introduced into poly(acrylonitrile-co-itaconic acid). The efficiency of DMI in improving the cross-sectionhomogeneity of polyacrylonitrile films during thermal oxidative stabilization (TOS) processes and the properties of resultedPAN-based carbon materials were investigated in detail. It was found that DMI facilitated the formation of longer cyclicstructures, higher oxygen content, more homogeneous cross-section fracture morphology and denser structure during TOSprocess. DMI was also benefit for easing heat release. The presence of DMI also facilitated a smaller ID/IG value of thecarbonized PAN film and a bigger in-plane size of graphite crystals La.
Sanzhen Liu,Yao Li,Xuping Fu,Minyan Qiu,Bin Jiang,H ai W u,Rongyu Li,Yumin Mao,Yi Xie 생화학분자생물학회 2005 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.37 No.2
The oligonucleotide microarray, a high-throughput polymorphism detection technology, holds great promise for the characterization of complex genetic variance. To achieve greater sensitivity and specificity for it to be an effective platform technology we present results and discuss some of the factors influencing signal intensities and single-mismatch discrimination in array-based mutation/SNP detection. Probes with a series of concentrations were spotted onto the slide in order to find the optimal concentration with the identifiable satisfying signals and the stable ratios between matched and mismatched probes. It was found that under our experimental conditions, when the initial probe concentration is higher than the maximum immobilization capability of the slide (7.5 µM), the hybridization signal will be saturated and the ratio between matched and mismatched probes will be more stable than at a lower probe concen-tration. Considering the cost of probes and the systematic stability, a constant spotting cone n-tration of 10 µM was selected. The stability of different types of mismatched oligo-DNA du-plexes on the glass surface was also confirmed. The results show that the order of stability of mismatched oligo-DNA duplexes on a glass surface is in general agreement with previous reports conducted using liquid and polyacryl-amide gel pads. This suggests that the influence of the mismatched base pair on the stability of the duplex in a solid hybridization system is similar to that in the solution hybridization environment.
( Qiang Fu ),( Zi Gong Wei ),( Xiao Hong Liu ),( Ping Ping Xiao ),( Zhao Hui Lu ),( Yao Sheng Chen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.4
Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus (Streptococcus zooepidemicus, SEZ) is an important pathogen associated with opportunistic infections of a wide range of species, including pigs and humans. The absence of a suitable vaccine makes it difficult to control SEZ infection. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) has been previously identified as an immunogenic protein using immunoproteomic techniques. In the present study, we confirmed that the sequence of GAPDH was highly conserved with other Streptococcus spp. The purified recombinant GAPDH could elicit a significant humoral antibody response in mice and confer significant protection against challenge with a lethal dose of SEZ. GAPDH could adhere to the Hep-2 cells, confirmed by flow cytometry, and inhibit adherence of SEZ to Hep-2 cells in an adherence inhibition assay. In addition, real-time PCR demonstrated that GAPDH was induced in vivo following infection of mice with SEZ. These suggest that GAPDH could play an important role in the pathogenesis of SEZ infection and could be a target for vaccination against SEZ.
ShuQin Liu,Song Lian,YunZhou Yang,ChunZheng Fu,HongYing Ma,ZhiYao Xiong,Yao Ling,ChunJiang Zhao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.12
Objective: An experiment was conducted to study the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 5'-untranslated regions (5'-UTR) of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) genes and the serum eCG levels. Methods: SNPs in 5'-UTR of eCG genes were screened across 10 horse breeds, including 7 Chinese indigenous breeds and 3 imported breeds using iPLEX chemistry, and the association between the serum eCG levels of 174 pregnant Da’an mares and their serum eCG levels (determined with ELISA) was analyzed. Results: Four SNPs were identified in the 5'-UTR of the eCGα gene, and one of them was unique in the indigenous breeds. There were 2 SNPs detected at the 5’ end of the eCGβ subunit gene, and one of them was only found in the Chinese breeds. The SNP g.39948246T>C at the 5'-UTR of eCGα was associated significantly with eCG levels of 75-day pregnant mare serum (p<0.05) in Da’an mares. Prediction analysis on binding sites of transcription factors showed that the g.39948246T>C mutation causes appearance of the specific binding site of hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 forkhead homolog 2 (HFH-2), which is a transcriptional repressor belonging to the forkhead protein family of transcription factors. Conclusion: The SNP g.39948246T>C at the 5'-UTR of eCGα is associated with eCG levels of 75-day pregnant mare serum (p<0.05).
( Qi Sun ),( Yao Fu ),( Xiaobing Chen ),( Lin Li ),( Hongyan Wu ),( Yixuan Liu ),( Haojun Xu ),( Guoren Zhou ),( Xiangshan Fan ),( Hongping Xia ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.6
Background/Aims: Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancers (EBVaGCs) have unique molecular and clinicopathological characteristics. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is recently recognized as the critical innate immunity against pathogens and tumors. STING is also a master regulator in the cancer-immunity cycle and targeting STING could synergize with existing immune-checkpoint therapies. However, the role of STING in GC, especially in EBVaGC, and its correlation with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) remain largely unclear. Methods: We collected 78 cases of EBVaGCs and 210 cases of EBV-negative GC (EBVnGC) from a total of 1,443 cases of GC analyzed by EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization. We investigated STING and PD-L1 expression and their concomitant prognostic value in EBVaGCs and EBVnGCs using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. The effects of STING and PD-L1 expression on the overall survival of patients with EBVaGC or EBVnGC were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: We found that both STING and PD-L1 exhibited significantly higher expression in the EBVaGCs than that in the EBVnGCs. The expression of STING was positively correlated with that of PD-L1 in EBVaGCs. Simultaneous negative expression of STING and PD-L1, and positive expression of STING were independent prognostic risk factors for EBVaGC and EBVnGC, respectively. Conclusions: This is the first prognostic retrospective study of STING and PD-L1 expression and the prognosis among EBVaGC and EBVnGC. The expression and prognostic value of STING and PD-L1 are different in the two types of GCs. STING and PD-L1 are promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for EBVaGC and EBVnGC. (Gut Liver 2022;16:875-891)