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Production of high-quality water by reverse osmosis of milk dairy condensates
Adrián Suárez,Francisco A. Riera 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1
Low-pollution flash cooler (FC) condensates from the direct heat treatment of milk and milk-basedproducts were treated by means of reverse osmosis (RO) in order to obtain high-quality water for use inboilers. The behaviour of the spiral-wound membranes at the pilot-plant scale (8.2m2 surface area) wastested in terms of the permeate flow rate (J) and quality (conductivity and chemical oxygen demand(COD)) as a function of the operation conditions, including the pressure, temperature and volumeconcentration rate (VCR). Response surfaces were drawnwith the aim of obtaining information regardingthe permeate flow rate as well as conductivity and COD reduction in the range of the studied parameters. Based on the experimental data, a plant with a 90% recovery rate (RR)was proposed with the objective ofcarrying out a preliminary economic assessment, which yielded a payback of 1.16 years.
Membrane technology for the recovery of detergent compounds: A review
Leticia Suarez,Marıa A. Dıez,Roberto Garcıa,Francisco A. Riera 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.6
The food and beverage industry is a great detergent consumer, due to the extreme cleanliness demanded by this kind of industrial activity. Surfactants play an important role in detergent formulations and for this reason a significant part of this review is devoted to their recovery. Membrane technology has been selected as the most promising method for recovering these cleaning agents and, accordingly, the application of membranes for the recovery and reuse of waste cleaning solutions constitutes another important part of this review. Finally, several studies on the application of membrane technologies for the separation of surfactant compounds are also described.