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        Olive Leaf Extracts Are a Natural Source of Advanced Glycation End Product Inhibitors

        Vassiliki G. Kontogianni,Pantelis Charisiadis,Evangelia Margianni,Fotini N. Lamari,Ioannis P. Gerothanassis,Andreas G. Tzakos 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.9

        Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are readily formed and accumulated with sustained hyperglycemia,contribute to the development of diabetic complications. As a consequence, inhibition of AGE formation constitutes an attractive therapeutic/preventive target. In the current study, we explored the phytochemical composition and the in vitro effect of two different olive leaf extracts (an aqueous and a methanolic) on AGE formation. The methanolic olive leaf extract inhibited fluorescent AGE formation in a bovine serum albumin (BSA)-ribose system, whereas the aqueous extract had no effect in both BSA-fructose and BSA-ribose systems. The phytochemical profile was investigated with liquid chromatographyultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) diode array coupled to electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry (LC/DAD/ESIMSn). Quantification of the major phenolic compounds was performed with high performance liquid chromatography with UV-Vis diode array detection and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Among the major phenolic components (luteolin,hydroxytyrosol, luteolin-40-O-b-D-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-b-D-glucopyranoside, and oleuropein), luteolin and luteolin-40-O-b-D-glucopyranoside were assigned as potent inhibitors of AGE formation. The extraction procedure greatly affects the composition and therefore the anti-glycation potential of olive leaves.

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        Differential Antioxidant Effects of Consuming Tea from Sideritis clandestina subsp. peloponnesiaca on Cerebral Regions of Adult Mice

        Zacharoula I. Linardaki,Catherine G. Vasilopoulou,Caterina Constantinou,Gregoris Iatrou,Fotini N. Lamari,Marigoula Margarity 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.9

        Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and aging. Many species of the genus Sideritis (mountain tea) are widely consumed in the Mediterranean region as herbal tea. This study evaluated the effect of supplementation of mice with herbal tea from Sideritis clandestina subsp. peloponnesiaca on the antioxidant status of different brain regions. To select the most bioactive herbal tea, the polyphenolic content (Folin–Ciocalteu method) and the antioxidant properties (ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP] and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays) of several taxa and different populations of the S. clandestina infusions were measured in vitro. Male adult mice had ad libitum access to water (control) or the herbal tea (4% w/v) for 6 weeks. At the end of the treatment period we assessed the total antioxidant power (FRAP assay) and the levels of malondialdehyde (indicator of lipid peroxidation) and reduced glutathione in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and midbrain. These biochemical measures have also been determined in liver samples used as a comparative reference peripheral tissue. Consumption of 4% herbal tea increased the total antioxidant power of the midbrain by 72% (P<.05); a significant (P<.05) decrease in malondialdehyde levels and increase in reduced glutathione content of the cerebellum (78% and 27%, respectively) and midbrain (59% and 32%, respectively) were also observed. These findings indicate that mountain tea consumption enhances the antioxidant defense of the adult rodent brain in a region-specific manner.

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