Gender differences in personal and interpersonal emotional outcomes from family work

Nurit FINKEL,Marilyn P. SAFIR 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2016 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.22 No.3

Segregation in family work was explored by examining gender differences in the emotional meanings attached by individuals to both their own and their spouses’ performance of housework and childcare. Participants included 23 Israeli men and 38 women and an open-ended questionnaire was administered to them. Content analysis of the data uncovered emotional meanings that were divided into positive and negative personal and interpersonal outcomes. Personal outcomes revealed self-perceptions, personal feelings, and attitudes toward chores. Interpersonal outcomes revealed perceptions of marital relationships, as a result of messages transferred between spouses. The impact of gender segregation was more apparent in negative rather than in positive emotional outcomes. Women attached greater negative outcomes to housework and childcare. Positive and negative emotional outcomes were entwined with social and cultural norms. The results of the study suggest that the emotional experiences of family work should be viewed as complex cumulative psychological ones and should not be predefined by dichotomous emotional meanings.

Translating Evidence into Practice in Low Resource Settings: Cervical Cancer Screening Tests are Only Part of the Solution in Rural India

Isaac, Rita,Finkel, Madelon,Olver, Ian,Annie, I.K.,Prashanth, H.R.,Subhashini, J.,Viswanathan, P.N.,Trevena, Lyndal J. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8

Background: The majority of women in rural India have poor or no access to cervical cancer screening services, although one.quarter of all cervical cancers in the world occur there. Several large trials have proven the efficacy of low-tech cervical cancer screening methods in the Indian context but none have documented the necessary components and processes of implementing this evidence in a low-resource setting. Methods: This paper discusses a feasible model of implementation of cervical cancer screening programme in low-resource settings developed through a pilot research project carried out in rural Tamilnadu, India. The programme used visual inspection of cervix after acetic acid application (VIA) as a screening tool, nurses in the primary care centres as the primary screeners and peer educators within Self-Help Women groups to raise community awareness. Results: The uptake of screening was initially low despite the access to a screening programme. However, the programme witnessed an incremental increase in the number of women accessing screening with increasing community awareness. Conclusions: The investigators recommend 4 key components to programme implementation in low-resource setting: 1) Evidence-based, cost-effective test and treatment available within the reach of the community; 2) Appropriate referral pathways; 3) Skilled health workers and necessary equipment; and 4) Optimisation of health literacy, beliefs, attitudes of the community.

Bcr1 Functions Downstream of Ssd1 To Mediate Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance in <i>Candida albicans</i>

Jung, Sook-In,Finkel, Jonathan S.,Solis, Norma V.,Chaili, Siyang,Mitchell, Aaron P.,Yeaman, Michael R.,Filler, Scott G. American Society for Microbiology 2013 EUKARYOTIC CELL Vol.12 No.3

<P>In order to colonize the host and cause disease, <I>Candida albicans</I> must avoid being killed by host defense peptides. Previously, we determined that the regulatory protein Ssd1 governs antimicrobial peptide resistance in <I>C. albicans</I>. Here, we sought to identify additional genes whose products govern susceptibility to antimicrobial peptides. We discovered that a <I>bcr1</I>Δ/Δ mutant, like the <I>ssd1</I>Δ/Δ mutant, had increased susceptibility to the antimicrobial peptides, protamine, RP-1, and human β defensin-2. Homozygous deletion of <I>BCR1</I> in the <I>ssd1</I>Δ/Δ mutant did not result in a further increase in antimicrobial peptide susceptibility. Exposure of the <I>bcr1</I>Δ/Δ and <I>ssd1</I>Δ/Δ mutants to RP-1 induced greater loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and increased plasma membrane permeability than with the control strains. Therefore, Bcr1 and Ssd1 govern antimicrobial peptide susceptibility and likely function in the same pathway. Furthermore, <I>BCR1</I> mRNA expression was downregulated in the <I>ssd1</I>Δ/Δ mutant, and the forced expression of <I>BCR1</I> in the <I>ssd1</I>Δ/Δ mutant partially restored antimicrobial peptide resistance. These results suggest that Bcr1 functions downstream of Ssd1. Interestingly, overexpression of 11 known Bcr1 target genes in the <I>bcr1</I>Δ/Δ mutant failed to restore antimicrobial peptide resistance, suggesting that other Bcr1 target genes are likely responsible for antimicrobial peptide resistance. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Bcr1 functions downstream of Ssd1 to govern antimicrobial peptide resistance by maintaining mitochondrial energetics and reducing membrane permeabilization.</P>

WHAT IF THE CEO IS PERCEIVED AS A CORPORATE PSYCHOPATH? THE EFFECTS OF PERCEIVED CORPORATE PSYCHOPATHY ON PRODUCT, STOCK AND EMPLOYER ATTRACTIVENESS

Carmen-Maria Albrecht,Ariana Stephanie Dominique Finkel,Katja Nothhelfer 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

Many corporate brands are strongly associated with the person the companies are headed by (Argenti & Druckenmiller, 2004). Attention for corporate psychopaths (CPs), defined as individuals who show psychopathic traits and work successfully in corporations, has been growing lately (Boddy, 2005). Psychopathic traits (e.g. charm, lack of remorse and empathy) can easily be interpreted as leadership characteristics (e.g. charisma and decisiveness) and therefore boost the career of the psychopath allowing him/her to climb up the corporate ladder (Boddy, 2011). Empirical evidence—although limited—supports this assumption. It has been found that CPs more frequently have senior level positions in organizations than junior ones (Boddy, Ladyshewsky, &Galvin, 2010b) and that the chances of finding a psychopath among CEOs is four times higher than in the general population (Bercovici, 2011). A CP in a high level position (e.g. a CEO) can not only be assumed to have the largest leverage on how the company’s resources are deployed, but the way s/he is perceived by others also has a great impact on the company’s image (McGrath, 1995). The willingness to trust an entity is “based on the expectation that the other party will perform a particular action important to the trustor, irrespective of the ability to monitor or control that other party” (Mayer, Davis, & Schoorman, 1995). Therefore, the perception of negative/psychopathic traits in a CEO is of considerable importance to organizations because it influences the CEO’s public image and subsequently the level of trust placed in the top manager. This, in turn, can have far-reaching consequences for the company he works for because an executive’s greatest capital consists in the trust placed in him/her and a company cannot be successful in the long run without the trust from stakeholder groups (Hage, 2012). The perception of psychopathic traits can thus have severe consequences for the company’s attractiveness to its stakeholders. The current research investigates the effects of perceived psychopathy of CEOs for the attractiveness of any form of interaction with the company. Results of a structural equation model based on a survey among 670 participants show that perceived corporate psychopathy negatively influences perceived trust in the CEO. Perceived trust in the CEO, in turn, has a positive effect on perceived attractiveness of products, of shares, and of perceived employer attractiveness. Furthermore, if an individual considers sustainability to be of high importance, the ethical standards concerning sustainable behavior seem to be stricter because the trustor cares about them more than the economic aspects of how the CEO manages the company. Therefore, it was found that attitude toward sustainability moderates the relationship between perceived corporate psychopathy and perceived trust in the CEO.

Quaternary glaciation of Muztag Ata and Kongur Shan : evidence for glacier response to rapid climate changes throughout the late glacial and Holocene in westernmost Tibet

Yeong Bae Seong,Lewis A. Owen,Chaolu Yi,Robert C. Finkel 대한지질학회 2007 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.0

Measuring In Vivo Mitophagy

Sun, N.,Yun, J.,Liu, J.,Malide, D.,Liu, C.,Rovira, Ilsa I.,Holmstrom, Kira M.,Fergusson, Maria M.,Yoo, Y.,Combs, Christian A.,Finkel, T. Cell Press 2015 Molecular Cell Vol.60 No.4

Alterations in mitophagy have been increasingly linked to aging and age-related diseases. There are, however, no convenient methods to analyze mitophagy in vivo. Here, we describe a transgenic mouse model in which we expressed a mitochondrial-targeted form of the fluorescent reporter Keima (mt-Keima). Keima is a coral-derived protein that exhibits both pH-dependent excitation and resistance to lysosomal proteases. Comparison of a wide range of primary cells and tissues generated from the mt-Keima mouse revealed significant variations in basal mitophagy. In addition, we have employed the mt-Keima mice to analyze how mitophagy is altered by conditions including diet, oxygen availability, Huntingtin transgene expression, the absence of macroautophagy (ATG5 or ATG7 expression), an increase in mitochondrial mutational load, the presence of metastatic tumors, and normal aging. The ability to assess mitophagy under a host of varying environmental and genetic perturbations suggests that the mt-Keima mouse should be a valuable resource.