Multiresidue analysis of 184 pesticides in high‑fat fish feed using a new generic extraction method coupled with gas and liquid chromatography‑tandem mass spectrometry

Eyring Philipp Rudolf Michael Peter,Herrmann Susan Strange,Poulsen Mette Erecius 한국응용생명화학회 2021 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.64 No.2

Animal feed is typically plant-based and can contain pesticide residues. Methods for testing food and feed samples, such as the Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged Safe (QuEChERS) method or the Swedish Ethyl Acetate (SweEt) method, successfully extract many pesticide residues. However, nonpolar pesticides, such as organochlorine pesticides, show poor recovery when extracted from lipid-rich samples. The previously developed water-acetonitrile-heptane-solid-phase-extraction (WAHSPE) method shows better recoveries for the nonpolar pesticides but requires two injections per sample and per instrument. Here, we present a modified version of the WAHSPE method for pesticides in fish feed using one injection per sample and per instrument. Of the 184 pesticides tested, 179 met the European Union Legislation’s validation criteria at a spike level of 50 μg/kg, showing recoveries between 70 and 120% and a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 20%. Organochlorine pesticides accounted for 14 of the tested compounds.

Generation of multiphysical state variables in parallel to kinematic motion simulations by means of co-simulation

Patrick Eyring,Jochen Merhof 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

The significance of digital twins in mechanical and plant engineering companies is becoming increasingly important in the course of Industry 4.0 as a cyber-physical system. Digital twins represent a real object in virtual space. The properties of the real object are simulated using structural and behavior models, so that the digital twin represents a spitting image of the real object in virtual space. The structural models and behavioral models are created by modeling the digital twin in different modeling and simulation domains. A common form of the digital twin in mechanical and plant engineering is a digital twin, which is based on a kinematic multibody simulation. The kinematic digital twin can be coupled with industrial controllers and is often used for the virtual commissioning of plants/machines. These digital twins usually represent the kinematic behavior of the plan/machine in an idealized way and neglect the physically determined system dynamics. By extending the digital twin by the generation of state variables of a multiphysical dynamic simulation and the use of these state variables by industrial programmable logic controller (PLCs), advantages arise in the use of the digital twin with respect to virtual commissioning, fault analysis, condition monitoring and simulative optimization of machines and plants. Thus, it is necessary to complement the kinematic digital twin by a multiphysical dynamic simulation and to connect this extended model of the digital twin to PLCs.

IPCC AR6 WGI 제3장 주요 내용과 핵심 결과

민승기,V. Eyring,N. P. Gillett,K. M. Achuta Rao,R. Barimalala,M. Barreiro Parrillo,N. Bellouin,C. Cassou,P. J. Durack,Y. Kosaka,S. McGregor,O. Morgenstern,Y. Sun 한국기상학회 2021 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

과거의 기후변화에 미치는 인위적인 영향을 정확히 이해하는 것은 미래 인간활동에 따른 다양한 시나리오별 기후변화 정보의 신뢰성 확보에 중요한 근거자료를 제공하며, 특히 파리협정에서 제시하는 목표온도를 달성하기 위한 현재의 상황을 진단하는 중요한 자료가 된다. 본 발표에서는 최근 발표된 IPCC 6차 평가보고서(AR6)의 3장 “Human influence on the climate system”의 주요내용을 소개하고자 한다. 또한 동아시아 지역에 대한 시사점을 11장(극한기후)의 내용과 연관시켜 함께 토의하고자 한다. 기존 5차보고서(AR5)와 달리 AR6 3장에서는 인간활동에 의해서 지구 기후시스템이 얼마나 영향을 받았는지 평가하는 “기후변화 탐지 및 원인규명”의 내용뿐 만 아니라, 기후모델들이 관측된 평균기후, 추세, 변동성을 얼마나 재현할 수 있는지에 대한 “기후모델 성능 평가”를 함께 다루고 있다. 기후시스템 변수들은 장기간의 관측자료가 확보된 “대규모 공간규모”에 대한 기후변화 지시자로 한정되며, 대륙 규모 이상의 기온, 강수량, 수분, 유출량, 해빙면적, 눈덮임, 해양온도 및 열용량, 해수면 등을 포함한다. 또한 NAO, SAM, ENSO 등의 경년변동성 모드와 PDV, AMV를 포함한 수십년 변동성에 대한 인간의 영향을 평가하고 있다. 별도의 Cross-Chapter Box의 형식으로 (1) 기후변화 멈춤과 연관된 21세기 초의 온난화, (2) 기온과 강수극한에 대한 인간의 영향에 대한 최신 평가를 제공한다. 종합적으로, AR5와 대비하여, 다양한 기후시스템 요소에서 인간의 영향이 더욱 뚜렷하게 탐지되었으며, 일부 변수들에서 온실가스/에어로졸의 기여를 보다 구체적으로 정량화하였다.

Significant Structure Theory of Physical Adsorption

Yun-liang Wang,Taikyue Ree,Henry Eyring Korean Chemical Society 1971 대한화학회지 Vol.15 No.5

A significant structure theory of monolayer physical adsorption is developed. The theory is tested with the adsorptions on graphite of gases Ar, $N_2$, $CHCl_3$, and $CCl_4$. A restricted rotation model is used for the polyatomic molecules $N_2$, $CHCl_3$, and $CCl_4$. The computed isotherms and heats of adsorption are in good agreement with experiment in all cases studied.

Ettect of Electrolytes on Flow Properties of Aqueous Bentonite Suspension

Kisoon Park,Taikyue Ree,Henry Eyring Korean Chemical Society 1971 대한화학회지 Vol.15 No.6

Dependence of the flow behavior of aqueous suspension of Black Hills bentonite on the concentration and the types of electrolytes was stydied. The flow properties were measured with a Couette-type totational viscometer. On addition of monovalent cations, the apparent viscosity determined from the reproducible flow curves (shear rate vs. shear stress) decreased followed by a rise as the ionic concentration further increased. Addition of multivalent cations (di- and tri-) resulted in the viscosity which increased to a maximum then decreased to a constant value. Anions of different chatges produced essentially the same relationship between viscosity and electrolyte concentration. The flow behavior of the electrolyte-containing suspensions was rationalized in terms of the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory of colloidal stability and the generalized theory of viscosity.

용융 (60 몰% $AlCl_3$-40 몰% NaCl) 염 속에서의 알루미늄전극의 반응속도론적 연구

G. F. Uhlig,T. N. Andersen,S. Johns,H. Eyring Korean Chemical Society 1974 대한화학회지 Vol.18 No.6

60몰%$AlCl_3$-40몰% NaCl의 용융염($453^{\circ}$<\K)속에든 알루미늄 전극에 대하여 전류-전압 편극곡선을 얻었다. 50mA/$CM^2$보다 큰 전류밀도에서는 옴-저항에 의한 전위차가 양극전위에 상당히 기여하므로 저항이 큰 $AlCl_3$(혹은 $AlCl_3$ 의 농도가 큰 멜트)의 층이 양극표면에 가까이 형성된다고 결론지었다. IR-전위차에 대하여 보정한 후의 Tafel곡선과 Allen-Hickling 곡선으로 부터 겉보기 transfer-coefficient, ${\alpha}_a$=(2.3RT/F)(dlogi/d${\eta}$)=$1.5{\pm}0.25$가 얻어졌다. 약 30mA/$cm^2$보다 큰 음극전류밀도에서는 느린 이온확산과 dendrite 생장 때문에 속도론적 측정이 방해 받았다. Steady-state anodic and cathodic polarization curves were developed for the Al electrode in 60 mole %$AlCl_3$-40 mole % NaCl at $180^{\circ}C$$453^{\circ}K$). Ohmic resistance contributed substantially to the anodic polarization at current densities greater than 50 mA/$CM^2$ even with capillary tip placed close to the electrode. This could not be rationalized from the resistivity of the melt, which would lead to a much smaller polarization. It was therefore concluded that a layer of high resistance $AlCl_3$ (or $AlCl_3$-rich melt) formed close to the anode surface. From the IR-corrected anodic Tafel and Allen-Hickling plots an apparent anodic charge-transfer coefficient of ${\alpha}_a$ = (2.3 RT/F)(d log i/d${\eta}$) = $1.5{\pm}0.25$ was obtained. At cathodic current densities greater than approximately 30 mA/$cm^2$, slow ion diffusion and dendrite growth both interfered with the measurement of kinetic parameters.

Integration of Laser Scanning and Three-dimensional Models in the Legal Process Following an Industrial Accident

Eyre, Matthew,Foster, Patrick,Speake, Georgina,Coggan, John Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2017 Safety and health at work Vol.8 No.3

Background: In order to obtain a deeper understanding of an incident, it needs to be investigated to "peel back the layers" and examine both immediate and underlying failures that contributed to the event itself. One of the key elements of an effective accident investigation is recording the scene for future reference. In recent years, however, there have been major advances in survey technology, which have provided the ability to capture scenes in three dimension to an unprecedented level of detail, using laser scanners. Methods: A case study involving a fatal incident was surveyed using three-dimensional laser scanning, and subsequently recreated through virtual and physical models. The created models were then utilized in both accident investigation and legal process, to explore the technologies used in this setting. Results: Benefits include explanation of the event and environment, incident reconstruction, preservation of evidence, reducing the need for site visits, and testing of theories. Drawbacks include limited technology within courtrooms, confusion caused by models, cost, and personal interpretation and acceptance in the data. Conclusion: Laser scanning surveys can be of considerable use in jury trials, for example, in case the location supports the use of a high-definition survey, or an object has to be altered after the accident and it has a specific influence on the case and needs to be recorded. However, consideration has to be made in its application and to ensure a fair trial, with emphasis being placed on the facts of the case and personal interpretation controlled.

영국 방사선폐기물 관리현황과 계획

Eyre Brain Leonard 한국원자력산업회의 1991 원자력산업 Vol.11 No.4

21세기 원자력산업의 전망과 과제

Eyre B. L. 한국원자력산업회의 1997 원자력산업 Vol.17 No.4

Integration of Laser Scanning and Three-dimensional Models in the Legal Process Following an Industrial Accident

Matthew Eyre,Patrick Foster,Georgina Speake,John Coggan 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2017 Safety and health at work Vol.8 No.3

Background: In order to obtain a deeper understanding of an incident, it needs to be investigated to “peel back the layers” and examine both immediate and underlying failures that contributed to the event itself. One of the key elements of an effective accident investigation is recording the scene for future reference. In recent years, however, there have been major advances in survey technology, which have provided the ability to capture scenes in three dimension to an unprecedented level of detail, using laser scanners. Methods: A case study involving a fatal incident was surveyed using three-dimensional laser scanning, and subsequently recreated through virtual and physical models. The created models were then utilized in both accident investigation and legal process, to explore the technologies used in this setting. Results: Benefits include explanation of the event and environment, incident reconstruction, preservation of evidence, reducing the need for site visits, and testing of theories. Drawbacks include limited technology within courtrooms, confusion caused by models, cost, and personal interpretation and acceptance in the data. Conclusion: Laser scanning surveys can be of considerable use in jury trials, for example, in case the location supports the use of a high-definition survey, or an object has to be altered after the accident and it has a specific influence on the case and needs to be recorded. However, consideration has to be made in its application and to ensure a fair trial, with emphasis being placed on the facts of the case and personal interpretation controlled.