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Kim, Mari,Subramanian, Manivannan,Cho, Yun-Ho,Kim, Gye-Hyeong,Lee, Eunil,Park, Joong-Jean Elsevier 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.495 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The accumulation and aggregation of phosphorylated tau proteins in the brain are the hallmarks for the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, disruptions in circadian rhythms (CRs) with altered sleep-wake cycles, dysregulation of locomotion, and increased memory defects have been reported in patients with AD. <I>Drosophila</I> flies that have an overexpression of human tau protein in neurons exhibit most of the symptoms of human patients with AD, including locomotion defects and neurodegeneration. Using the fly model for tauopathy/AD, we investigated the effects of an exposure to dim light at night on AD symptoms. We used a light intensity of 10 lux, which is considered the lower limit of light pollution in many countries. After the tauopathy flies were exposed to the dim light at night for 3 days, the flies showed disrupted CRs, altered sleep-wake cycles due to increased pTau proteins and neurodegeneration, in the brains of the AD flies. The results indicate that the nighttime exposure of tauopathy/AD model <I>Drosophila</I> flies to dim light disrupted CR and sleep-wake behavior and promoted neurodegeneration.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Dim light disturbs circadian rhythm and sleep behaviors. </LI> <LI> Internal clock is maintained in <I>Drosophila</I> model of tauopathy Alzheimer's disease. </LI> <LI> Short-term disturbance of circadian rhythm by dim light increases formation of phosphorylated Tau in AD model flies. </LI> <LI> Dim light exposure at night promotes neurodegeneration in AD model flies. </LI> </UL> </P>
Kim, Yun Jeong,Lee, Eunil,Lee, Hyo Sun,Kim, Mari,Park, Man Sik Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 2015 Chronobiology international Vol.32 No.5
<P>It has been reported that excessive artificial light at night (ALAN) could harm human health since it disturbs the natural bio-rhythm and sleep. Such conditions can lead to various diseases, including cancer. In this study, we have evaluated the association between ALAN and prevalence rates of cancer in females on a regional basis, after adjusting for other risk factors, including obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption rates and PM<SUB>10</SUB> levels. The prevalence rates for breast cancer were found to be significantly associated with ALAN in urban and rural areas. Furthermore, no association was found with ALAN in female lung, liver, cervical, gastric and colon cancer. Despite the limitations of performing ecological studies, this report suggests that ALAN might be a risk factor for breast cancer, even in rural areas.</P>
Widespread Anthropogenic Nitrogen in Northwestern Pacific Ocean Sediment
Kim, Haryun,Lee, Kitack,Lim, Dhong-Il,Nam, Seung-Il,Kim, Tae-Wook,Yang, Jin-Yu T.,Ko, Young Ho,Shin, Kyung-Hoon,Lee, Eunil American Chemical Society 2017 Environmental science & technology Vol.51 No.11
<P>Sediment samples from the East China and Yellow seas collected adjacent to continental China were found to have lower delta N-15 values (expressed as delta N-15 = [N-15:N-14(sample)/N-15:N-14(air) - 1] x 1000; the sediment N-15:N-14 ratio relative to the air nitrogen 15N:14N ratio). In contrast, the Arctic sediments from the Chukchi Sea, the sampling region furthest from China, showed higher delta N-15 values (2-3 higher than those representing the East China and the Yellow sea sediments). Across the sites sampled, the levels of sediment delta N-15 increased with increasing distance from China, which is broadly consistent with the decreasing influence of anthropogenic nitrogen (N-ANTH) resulting from fossil fuel combustion and fertilizer use. We concluded that, of several processes, the input of N-ANTH appears to be emerging as a new driver of change in the sediment delta N-15 value in marginal seas adjacent to China. The present results indicate that the effect of N-ANTH has extended beyond the ocean water column into the deep sedimentary environment, presumably via biological assimilation of N-ANTH followed by deposition. Further, the findings indicate that N-ANTH is taking over from the conventional paradigm of nitrate flux from nitrate-rich deep water as the primary driver of biological export production in this region of the Pacific Ocean.</P>
Increase in anthropogenic mercury in marginal sea sediments of the Northwest Pacific Ocean
Kim, Haryun,Lee, Kitack,Lim, Dhong-Il,Nam, Seung-Il,Han, Seung hee,Kim, Jihun,Lee, Eunil,Han, In-Seong,Jin, Young Keun,Zhang, Yanxu Elsevier 2019 Science of the Total Environment Vol.654 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Over the past century, the addition of anthropogenic mercury (Hg<SUP>ANTH</SUP>) to vast areas of North Pacific marginal seas adjacent to the northeast Asian continent has tripled. Analysis of sediment cores showed that the rate of Hg<SUP>ANTH</SUP> addition (Hg<SUP>ANTH</SUP> flux) was greatest in the East China and Yellow Seas (9.1 μg m<SUP>−2</SUP> yr<SUP>−1</SUP>) in the vicinity of China (the source continent), but was small in the Bering and western Arctic Ocean (Chukchi Sea) (0.9 μg m<SUP>−2</SUP> yr<SUP>−1</SUP>; the regions furthest from China). Our results show that Hg<SUP>ANTH</SUP> has reached open ocean sedimentary environments over extended areas of the northwestern Pacific Ocean, via the formation of organic-mercury complexes and deposition. The implication of these findings is that the addition of Hg<SUP>ANTH</SUP> (via atmospheric deposition and riverine input) to the ocean environment is responsible for elevated Hg flux into sedimentary environments in the northwest Pacific Ocean.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The flux of Hg<SUP>ANTH</SUP> into sediments increased from the western Arctic Ocean to the East China Sea. </LI> <LI> The highest rate of Hg<SUP>ANTH</SUP> flux into sediments was found in the East China Sea. </LI> <LI> Hg<SUP>ANTH</SUP> has reached open ocean sediments over extended areas of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
김은일(Eunil Kim) 현대문법학회 2000 현대문법연구 Vol.20 No.-
This study discusses how the semantic domain of animacy is coded in syntax. This argues for the systematic coding of animacy in two different ways. First, the analysis of English and Korean grammars shows the systematic differences between them in animacy coding in all the linguistic levels of the grammars: Two different coding devices are used according to animacy in Korean while the same coding device is used regardless of animacy in English. Second, the typological study of 40 languages from all the language families also shows that grammars code aniamcy in a systematic way. Our study reveals that the typological differences in the case markings of associative and intstrumental, and the relationships between the types of case markings and inanimate subject constructions can nicely be accounted for in terms of animcay.
김은일(Eunil Kim) 현대문법학회 2002 현대문법연구 Vol.27 No.-
This study is to explore how Functional Grammar can contribute to English Education. As noted in Brown (2000), the human organism approaches any new problem with an existing set of cognitive structures: Previously learned material interferes with subsequent material. Korean learners of English will use whatever previous experience they have had with Korean in order to facilitate English learning process. This study tries to develop teaching materials that help Korean students overcome the interfering effects of Korean on English, focusing on how the Korean and English grammars code semantic domains such as animacy, volitionality, inchoation and functional domains of voice and tense/aspect.