버진, 퓨어, 포마스 올리브유의 이화학적인 특성 비교를 통한 품질등급 구분에 관한 연구

조은아,이영상,Cho, Eun-Ah,Lee, Young-Sang 한국식품영양학회 2014 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

This study investigated the classification of olive oils that are mainly distributed in Korea via imports. The fatty acid contents, degree of color, pigments, anti-oxidants, and sterol contents are analyzed on the different types of olive oil as follows: 10 kinds of extra virgin olive oil, 5 kinds of pure olive oil, and 5 kinds of refined olive-pomace oil. As a result of fatty acid analysis, the majority of oleic acid ($C_{18:1}$) and palmitic acid ($C_{16:0}$), and minority of linoleic acid ($C_{18:2}$) and stearic acid ($C_{18:0}$) were detected without any significant differences between the grades of olive oils. The UV spectrum is related to the ${\Delta}K$, and it is a part of the analysis factor for the purity and degree of degradation of the oil. Extra virgin olive oil had ${\Delta}K$ of almost 0, pure olive oil had 0.07~0.12, and refined olive-pomace oil had 0.1~0.13. These differed from extra virgin oil, and the pure or pomace oil ${\Delta}K$ had a confirmed distinct difference. The color degrees of chlorophyll with a low $L^*$ value and $(-)a^*$ (green) and carotenoid with $(+)b^*$ (yellow) were confirmed to have correlation between extra virgin and other olive oils. To compare chlorophyll and carotenoid as natural pigment in olive oils, 417 nm and the ratio of the absorbance at 480 nm (417/480) was calculated at 1.62 of extra virgin, 1.85 of pure olive oil, and 3.32 of refined olive-pomace oil. Therefore, it will be possible to distinguish when the extra virgin or pure olive oil are mixed with olive-pomace oil. The total amount of tocopherol, an anti-oxidant, were 19.06 in extra virgin, 10.91 in pure olive oil, and 27.88 in refined olive-pomace oil. The high content of tocopherol in pomace oil caused recovery of solvent extraction from olive pulp. Thus, extra virgin oil and pure olive oil were distinguished by olive-pomace oil. Polyphenol compounds in extra virgin olive oil measured high only in ferulic acid with 0.543 mg/kg, caffeic acid with 0.393 mg/kg, and other vanillic acid, vanillin, and p-coumaric acid had similar amount of 0.3 mg/kg. All grade of olive oils had the highest ${\beta}$-sitosterol content. Af (Authenticity factor) value were estimated with campesterol and stigmasterol content ratio (%). Af value was 19.2 in extra virgin olive oil, 17.1 in pure olive oil, 16.9 in refined olive-pomace oil, which were distinctive from sunflower oil with 3.7, corn oil with 2.4, and soybean oil with 2.0. It can provide important indicator of olive oil adulteration with other cheap vegetable oils. The results of this study can be used as a database for the classification of olive oil grade and distinguishing between the different types of oils.

FT-IR과 탄소동위원소 분석을 통한 연어유의 구분에 관한 연구

조은아,차윤환,이영상,Cho, Eun-Ah,Cha, Yun-Hwan,Lee, Young-Sang 한국식품영양학회 2012 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

This study analyzes the structure types of salmon oil to evaluate the purity of salmon oil products based on the 38 different types of imported salmon oil products distributed in the Republic of Korea. The major types of omega-3 foods in the salmon oil are ethyl ester (EE) and triglyceride (TG). If the salmon oil contained potential contaminants and was processed in order to remove it, EE type omega-3 fatty acids are found in concentration. This provides a good guide in assessing if products were made with EE type ingredients or re-esterified contaminated materials. The results of the FT-IR analysis showed significant difference in the C=O, C-O band positions in TG and EE. There were 19 TG type products and 19 EE type products. The analysis of carbon isotope ratio was performed on the types of TG and EE. There were different properties in the 19 TG type products. In one product, the carbon isotope ratio was -25.15 and the other 18 products showed -22.15~-23.96. The carbon isotope ratio of all 19 EE type products showed -21.91~-23.74. The results of the TLC analysis showed similar results with FR-IR. The re-esterified TG form was not detected in the TG type products, confirming that the TG type products contained natural salmon oil. This study aimed to provide the basic material in classifying the types of natural salmon oil and re-esterified salmon oil, by analyzing the pattern and proportion of FT-IR spectrum, carbon isotope ratio, and TLC.

연구논문 : 13C NMR 분석 및 지방산 분석을 통한 어유의 종류 구분 및 사용 실태에 관한 연구

조은아 ( Eun Ah Cho ),임성준 ( Sung Jun Lim ),오태헌 ( Tae Heon Oh ),안현주 ( Hyun Joo Ahn ),육수진 ( Soo Jin Yuk ),최진욱 ( Jin Uk Choi ),차윤환 ( Yun Hwan Cha ),이영상 ( Yuung Sang Lee ) 한국식품영양학회 2013 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

This study estimates the classification criteria which distinguishes the types of omega-3 health functional foods, fish oils and fish oil usages through 13C-NMR spectra and fatty acids contents analysis. The major fatty acids of omega-3, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6) are being analyzed. 10 ethyl ester (EE) forms and 10 triglyceride (TG) forms are the most common types of fish oils for 20 omega-3 products. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis generally shows the matching EPA and DHA contents of the products listed on the notation. But EE form contents of EPA and DHA are higher and are more varied than the TG form. Most of the samples of EPA/DHA ratio show different content ratios of indicated on the products when comparing with standards. The 13C-NMR analysis of EPA and DHA on sn-1,3 and sn-2 carbonyl peak position with fish oil triglycerides display whether the reconstituted triglycerides (rTG) are being confirmed or not. As a result of the 9 TG form, the 10 TG products showed similar values: EPA sn-1, 3; 13.46~15.66, sn-2; 3.00~4.52, DHA sn-1, 3; 2.43~4.40, sn-2; 3.84~6.36. But one product showed lower contents (EPA: sn-1, 3; 5.88, sn-2; 2.86, DHA sn-1, 3; 2.29, sn-2; 5.95) of EPA, thus it can be considered a different type of oil and only matched six products according to the label. This study is intended to provide basic materials which identify the status for the types and quality of omega-3 fish oil products according to fatty acids profiles and the 13C-NMR spectrum confirmed the location specificity of EPA and DHA.

전환장벽의 두 가지 차원이 전환의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 호텔 레스토랑을 중심으로

조은아 ( Eun Ah Cho ),김건 ( Gun Kim ) 대한관광경영학회 2015 觀光硏究 Vol.30 No.6

본 연구는 호텔 레스토랑에 있어서 전환정벽과 전환의도의 관계를 조사하고자하며 목적을 달성하기 위하여 문헌 연구와 설문지를 실증분석에 이용하였으며, 총 6개의 가설을 설정하여 이에 대해 검증을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 실증분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 호텔 레스토랑전환장벽 4개 요인 중 ``이성적 재무·혜택 전환장벽``, ‘이성적 학습 전환장벽’, ‘감성적 관계전환장벽’, ‘감성적 애호 전환장벽’ 의 4개의 요인 모두 유의한 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 전환의도를 낮출 수 있는 영향력에 있어서는 감성적 관계 전환장벽(β=-0.244, p<0.01), 이성적 재무·혜택 전환장벽(β=-0.237, p<0.01), 감성적 애호 전환장벽(β=-0.185, p<0.01), 이성적 학습 전환장벽(β=-0.124, p<0.05)의 순으로 차이가 발견되었다. 그러므로 호텔 레스토랑에서는 마케팅 전략시, 진실된 충성도 고객과 그렇지 않은 유사 충성도 집단, 낮은 충성도 집단, 잠재 충성도 집단의 고객군을 구분하여 전략을 수립할 필요가 있다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between switching barriers and switching intention in hotel restaurant. This study was analyzed through a questionnaire that based on literature reviews and the derived variables from preceding studies. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the 6 hypotheses. Based on the result from the analysis, research hypotheses(H1-H2).were tested. The findings were identified and summarized as follows. All switching barriers ``rational finance/benefit switching barriers``, ``rational learning switching barriers``, ``emotional relational switching barriers`` and `` emotional affective switching barriers`` negatively affects switching intention. The relative importance of the switching barriers(independent variables) in contributing to the variance in the switching intention(dependent variable) is as follows : There are ``emotional relational switching barriers``(β=-0.244, p<0.01), ``rational finance/benefit switching barriers``(β=-0.237, p<0.01), ``emotional affective switching barriers``(β=-0.185, p<0.01), ``rational learning switching barriers``(β=-0.124, p<0.05). Therefore the marketing strategy should be conducted discriminately according to type of customer Switching Barriers in the hotel restaurant industry.

Amiodarone에 의해 발생한 청회색 색소침착 1예

조은아 ( Eun Ah Cho ),강훈 ( Hoon Kang ),이승동 ( Seung Dong Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2009 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.47 No.3

리차드 마이어 작품에 나타난 백색 건축의 의미와 빛의 관계

조은아(Cho, Eun-Ah),김창성(Kim, Chang-Sung) 한국생태환경건축학회 2022 한국생태환경건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.22 No.2

리차드 마이어의 바르셀로나 미술관의 건축적 특징 분석

조은아(Cho, Eun-Ah),김창성(Kim, Chang-Sung) 한국생태환경건축학회 2023 한국생태환경건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.23 No.1

목 림프절염에 동반된 피부샘병

조은아 ( Eun Ah Cho ),김시용 ( Si Yong Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2007 대한피부과학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Scrofuloderma results from contiguous extension of an underlying tuberculous focus secondary to local tissue breakdown. The underlying focus may be a tuberculous bone or joint or even epididymis, but it occurs most commonly over a lymph node, particularly the cervical lymph node. A 29-year-old man presented with a tender, erythematous, linear, fluctuating plaque and nodules on the right side of his neck. He had pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis. A biopsy specimen from the skin lesion showed caseation necrosis surrounded by granulomatous infiltration, composed of epithelioid cells, mononuclear cells and Langhans` giant cells in the dermis. Acid-fast bacilli were identified on AFB staining. Herein, we report a typical case of scrofuloderma associated with cervical lymphadenitis. (Korean J Dermatol 2007;45(3):279~282)

과다지와 유사한 형태를 보이는 거대 후천손가락섬유각화종 1예

조은아 ( Eun Ah Cho ),이우선 ( Woo Sun Lee ),김시용 ( Si Yong Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2007 대한피부과학회지 Vol.45 No.3

ACTS 신학-신앙 운동과 ACTS 신학공관 작업이해와 "중심진리"에 대한 선교학적 고찰

조은아 ( Eun Ah Cho ) 아세아연합신학대학교 신학연구소 2014 ACTS 신학저널 Vol.22 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to offer a missiological reflection on what ACTS leadership and community have identified andstudied as “Central Truth” for the past 40 years. Though the notion of “Central Truth” has awakened many to a healthy sense of urgency and in-depth conviction of the significance of salvation through faith in Christ Jesus, when discussing it as the ultimate purpose of faith, one should not overlook doxology which is in fact centralto the entire Bible. Also, when discussing the central truth, sufferingshould be carefully reflected upon, for Christianity as a whole and mission history in particular testify to temporal suffering that precedes the eternal glory of God; God’s mission, after all, has been carried out by the weak whose names we do not even remember and yet were willing to participate in His suffering, having their eyes fixed on His glory. Further, when referring to entering into the Kingdom of God as part of the central truth, one should not fail to understand the necessity of enfleshing God’s kingdom which is both extant and anticipated, both in and beyond human history. Moreover, even in the process of prioritizing what may seem central, the whole, including the peripheral, should not be neglected. Finally, remembering that the expansion of Christian faith has always involved crossing over barriers, ACTS leadership and community should continue to dialogue with those who are beyond our cultural and theological barriers, recognizing in humility that our understanding and practices may still be limited and partial.