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Histology and immunohistochemistry of the human carotid sinus nerve
Davin Bryant,Erin McCormack,Juan J. Cardona,Arada Chaiyamoon,Devendra Shekhawat,Francisco Reina,Ana Carrera,Joe Iwanaga,Aaron S. Dumont,R. Shane Tubbs 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.4
The carotid sinus nerve (CSN) is well known as mediating baroref lexes. However, studies of its detailed histologicalanalysis are scant in the literature. Therefore, the current anatomical study sought to better elucidate the microanatomy of theCSN. Ten fresh frozen adult cadavers underwent dissection of the CSN. Then, it was harvested and submitted for histologicaland immunohistochemical staining. Specimens were all shown to be nerve fibers on histology and immunohistochemistry. We identified tyrosine hydroxylase positive fibers in all CSN specimens. These fibers were always found to be within theCSN and not on its surface i.e., epineurium. Based on our findings, the majority of fibers contained in the CSN are tyrosinepositive in nature. Further studies are necessary to understand the true function of this autonomic nerve fibers.
Viktoriya S. Grayson,Mitchell Couldwell,Arada Chaiyamoon,Juan J. Cardona,Francisco Reina,Ana Carrera,Erin P. McCormack,Kendrick Johnson,Sassan Keshavarzi,Joe Iwanaga,Aaron S. Dumont,R. Shane Tubbs 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.4
Few studies have examined the basilar venous plexus (BVP) and to our knowledge, no previous study has describedits histology. The present anatomical study was performed to better elucidate these structures. In ten cadavers, the BVP wasdissected. The anatomical and histological evaluation of the intraluminal trabeculae within this sinus were evaluated. Onceall gross measurements were made, the clivus and overlying BVP were harvested and submitted for histological analysis. A BVP was identified in all specimens and in each of these, intraluminal trabeculae were identified. The mean number oftrabeculae per plexus was five. These were most concentrated in the upper half of the clivus and were more often centrallylocated. These septations traveled in a posterior to anterior direction and usually, from inferiorly to superiorly however somewere noted to travel horizontally. In a few specimens the trabeculae had wider bases, especially on the posterior attachmentto the meningeal layer of dura mater. More commonly, the trabeculae ended in a denticulate form at their two terminalends. The trabeculae were on average were 0.85 mm in length. The mean width of the trabeculae was 0.35 mm. Theseseptations were consistent with the cords of Willis as are found in the lumen of some of the other intradural venous sinuses. An understanding of the internal anatomy of the BVP can aid in our understanding of venous pathology. Furthermore, thisknowledge will benefit patients undergoing interventional treatments that involve the BVP.