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Primary Information Sector Services and Foreign Trade: Evidence from Korea and Japan
Hans-Jü,rgen Engelbrecht 서울대학교 경제연구소 1989 Seoul journal of economics Vol.2 No.3
Industrialized economies and Newly Industrializing Countries are increasingly information intensive. To some, this heralds 'deindustrialization', to others it indicates a new stage in economic development, i.e. the advent of the global information economy. The paper contributes to this debate by exploring the trade involvement of primary information sector services in Japan and Korea. Empirical evidence of direct and total exports of such services and their future prospects, is discussed. We then explore the hypothesis that purchased information services are a statistically significant determinant of comparative advantage and export involvement of manufacturing sectors. This test is only partly successful. Although useful for some other analytical purposes, our information services variable is likely to be too heterogeneous for fruitful trade analysis.
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Technetium 99m PSMA Superscan Mimicking a Bone Scan Gone Wrong
Evbuomwan Osayande,Fourie Carika,Engelbrecht Gerrit 대한핵의학회 2022 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.56 No.4
Imaging of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer to select patients suitable for peptide receptor radioligand therapy can be performed with both SPECT and PET PSMA radiotracers. Although PET radiotracers generally have higher sensitivity and spatial resolution, SPECT tracers can be an effective alternative when PET/CT systems are unavailable in the clinical setting. We present a case of a 43-year-old male, who was referred to our facility for workup for radioligand PSMA therapy. His Tc-99m PSMA images revealed diffuse bone infiltration in a pattern mimicking a bone scan.
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Mary-Jane M. Bopape,Francois A. Engelbrecht,David A. Randall,Willem A. Landman 한국기상학회 2014 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.50 No.2
Cloud Resolving Models (CRMs) which are used increasinglyto make operational forecasts, employ Bulk MicrophysicsSchemes (BMSs) to describe cloud microphysical processes. In thisstudy two BMSs are employed in a new Nonhydrostatic σ-coordinateModel to perform two hour simulations of convection initiated by awarm bubble, using a horizontal grid resolution of 500 m. Differentconfigurations of the two BMSs are applied, to test the effects of thepresence of graupel with one scheme (2-configurations) and ofchanging the cloud droplet sizes in the second scheme (4-configurations),on the simulation of idealised thunderstorms. Maximum updraftsin all the simulations are similar over the first 40 minutes, butstart to differ beyond this point. The first scheme simulates thedevelopment of a second convective cell that is triggered by the coldpool that develops from the outflow of the first storm. The cold poolis more intense in the simulation with graupel because of melting ofgraupel particles, which results in relatively large raindrops, decreasesthe temperature through latent heat absorption, causing strongerdowndrafts, which all contribute to the formation of a more intensecold pool. The second scheme simulates the development of a secondcell in two of its configurations, while two other configurations donot simulate the redevelopment. Two configurations that simulate thesecondary redevelopment produce a slightly stronger cold pool justbefore redevelopment. Our results show that small differences in themicrophysics formulations result in simulations of storm dynamicsthat diverge, possibly due nonlinearities in the model.
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( Sajid M. Sheikh ),( Riaan Wolhuter ),( Herman A. Engelbrecht ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.5
Multi-hop networks are a low-setup-cost solution for enlarging an area of network coverage through multi-hop routing. Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) is frequently used in multi-hop networks. Multi-hop networks face multiple problems, such as a rise in contention for the medium, and packet loss under heavy-load, saturated conditions, which consumes more bandwidth due to re-transmissions. The number of re-transmissions carried out in a multi-hop network plays a major role in the achievable quality of service (QoS). This paper presents a statistical, analytical model for the end-to-end delay of contention-based medium access control (MAC) strategies. These strategies schedule a packet before performing the back-off contention for both differentiated heterogeneous data and homogeneous data under saturation conditions. The analytical model is an application of Markov chain theory and queuing theory. The M/M/1 model is used to derive access queue waiting times, and an absorbing Markov chain is used to determine the expected number of re-transmissions in a multi-hop scenario. This is then used to calculate the expected end-to-end delay. The prediction by the proposed model is compared to the simulation results, and shows close correlation for the different test cases with different arrival rates.
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Alexandre Liautaud,Prince A. Adu,Annalee Yassi,Muzimkhulu Zungu,Jerry M. Spiegel,Angeli Rawat,Elizabeth A. Bryce,Michelle C. Engelbrecht 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.2
Background: Insufficient training in infection control and occupational health among healthcare workers (HCWs) in countries with high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) burdens requires attention. We examined the effectiveness of a 1-year Certificate Program in Occupational Health and Infection Control conducted in Free State Province, South Africa in an international partnership to empower HCWs to become change agents to promote workplace-based HIV and TB prevention. Methods: Questionnaires assessing reactions to the program and Knowledge, Attitudes, Skills, and Practices were collected pre-, mid-, and postprogram. Individual interviews, group project evaluations, and participant observation were also conducted. Quantitative data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Qualitative data were thematically coded and analyzed using the Kirkpatrick framework. Results: Participants recruited (n ¼ 32) were mostly female (81%) and nurses (56%). Pre-to-post-program mean scores improved in knowledge (þ12%, p ¼ 0.002) and skills/practices (þ14%, p ¼ 0.002). Preprogram attitude scores were high but did not change. Participants felt empowered and demonstrated attitudinal improvements regarding HIV, TB, infection control, and occupational health. Successful projects were indeed implemented. However, participants encountered considerable difficulties in trying to sustain improvement, due largely to lack of pre-existing knowledge and experience, combined with inadequate staffing and insufficient management support. Conclusion: Training is essential to strengthen HCWs’ occupational health and infection control knowledge, attitudes, skills, and practices, and workplace-based training programs such as this can yield impressive results. However, the considerable mentorship resources required for such programs and the substantial infrastructural supports needed for implementation and sustainability of improvements in settings without pre-existing experience in such endeavors should not be underestimated.
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June-Yi Lee,J. Marotzke,G. Bala,L. Cao,S. Corti,J. P. Dunne,F. Engelbrecht,E. Fischer,J. C. Fyfe,C. Jones,A. Maycock,J. Mutemi,O. Ndiaye,S. Panickal,T. Zhou,Maycock,J. Mutemi,O. Ndiaye,S. Panickal,T. 한국기상학회 2021 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
The chapter 4 of Working Group I contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report assesses simulations of future global climate change, spanning time horizons from the near term (2021-2040),mid-term (2041-2060), and long term (2081-2100) out to the year 2300. The chapter assesses physical indicators of global climate change, such as global surface air temperature, global land precipitation, Arctic sea-ice area and global mean sea level. Furthermore, the chapter covers indices and patterns of properties and circulation not only for mean fields but also for modes of variability that have global significance. Changes are assessed relative to both the recent past (1995-2014) and the 1850-1900 approximation to the pre-industrial period. The projections assessed in the chapter are mainly based on a new range of scenarios, the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) used in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Additional lines of evidence enter the assessment, especially for change in globally averaged surface air temperature and global mean sea level, while assessment for changes in other quantities is mainly based on CMIP6 results. After section 4.2 on the methodologies used in the assessment, Section 4.3 assesses projected changes inkey global climate indicators throughout the 21<SUP>st</SUP> century. Section4.4. covers near-term climate change and Section 4.5 assesses mid-term andlong-term climate change. Section 4.6 addresses the climate implications of climate policies including patterns of climate change expected for various global warming levels, climate goals, overshoot, and path-dependence, as well as the climate response the climate response to mitigation, Carbon Dioxide Removal, and Solar Radiation Modification. Section 4.7 assesses very long-term changes up to 2300 and climate-change commitment and the potential for irreversibility and abrupt climate change. The chapter concludes with Section4.8 on the potential for low-probability-high-impact changes.
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Liautaud, Alexandre,Adu, Prince A.,Yassi, Annalee,Zungu, Muzimkhulu,Spiegel, Jerry M.,Rawat, Angeli,Bryce, Elizabeth A.,Engelbrecht, Michelle C. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.2
Background: Insufficient training in infection control and occupational health among healthcare workers (HCWs) in countries with high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) burdens requires attention. We examined the effectiveness of a 1-year Certificate Program in Occupational Health and Infection Control conducted in Free State Province, South Africa in an international partnership to empower HCWs to become change agents to promote workplace-based HIV and TB prevention. Methods: Questionnaires assessing reactions to the program and Knowledge, Attitudes, Skills, and Practices were collected pre-, mid-, and postprogram. Individual interviews, group project evaluations, and participant observation were also conducted. Quantitative data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Qualitative data were thematically coded and analyzed using the Kirkpatrick framework. Results: Participants recruited (n = 32) were mostly female (81%) and nurses (56%). Pre-to-post-program mean scores improved in knowledge (+12%, p = 0.002) and skills/practices (+14%, p = 0.002). Preprogram attitude scores were high but did not change. Participants felt empowered and demonstrated attitudinal improvements regarding HIV, TB, infection control, and occupational health. Successful projects were indeed implemented. However, participants encountered considerable difficulties in trying to sustain improvement, due largely to lack of pre-existing knowledge and experience, combined with inadequate staffing and insufficient management support. Conclusion: Training is essential to strengthen HCWs' occupational health and infection control knowledge, attitudes, skills, and practices, and workplace-based training programs such as this can yield impressive results. However, the considerable mentorship resources required for such programs and the substantial infrastructural supports needed for implementation and sustainability of improvements in settings without pre-existing experience in such endeavors should not be underestimated.
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