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류지성,정규혁,최필선,이길철,최덕일,최성수,류홍일,박광식 한국환경독성학회 1998 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1
Cadmium, a major aquatic pollutant in many parts of the world, is toxic and readily accumulated in aquatic organisms. It mainly exists in water as complexes with organic ligands such as dissolved organic carbon and this complexation is known to have effects on the aquatic toxicities. In this study, acute toxicity, histology, and bioaccumulation were studied to evaluate effects of humic acid on cadmium toxicity and bioavailability to fish using Oryzias latipcs and Cypriruts carpio. 96h~LC50 of cadmium was 6.38 mg/L using Oryzias latipes. However, the mortality showed the dose-dependent decrease when humic acid was added to the test solution. When fish were exposed to 5 mg/L of cadmium, histological changes in the exposed organs (caudal fins, gills, kidney, liver, and gut) of Cyprinifs carpio were decreased by humic acid, especially in kidney and liver. Bioaccumulation of cadmium also decreased by treatment of humic acid. It seems that the formation of complexes between cadmium and humic acid may decrease bioavailability of cadmium to fish, and thus reduce the toxic effects of cadmium.
류지성,정규혁,최필선,이길철,최덕일,최성수,류홍일,박광식 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1
Cadmium, a major aquatic pollutant in many parts of the world, is toxic and readily accumulated in aquatic organisms. It mainly exists in water as complexes with organic ligands such as dissolved organic carbon and this complexation is known to have effects on the aquatic toxicities. In this study, acute toxicity, histology, and bioaccumulation were studied to evaluate effects of humic acid on cadmium toxicity and bioavailability to fish using Oryzias latipes and Cyprinus carpio. 96h-LC50 of cadmium was 6.38 ㎎/L using Oryzias latipes. However, the mortality showed the dose-dependent decrease when humic acid was added to the test solution. When fish were exposed to 5㎎/L of cadmium, histological changes in the exposed organs(caudal fins, gills, kidney, liver, and gut) of Cyprinus carpio were decreased by humic acid, especially in kidney and liver. Bioaccumulation of cadmium also decreased by treatment of humic acid. It seems that the formation of complexes between cadmium and humic acid may decrease bioavailability of cadmium to fish, and thus reduce the toxic effects of cadmium.
박광식,최필선,이상협,이철우,류지성,최성수,류홍일,최덕일,Park, Kwang-Sik,Choi, Pil-Son,Lee, Sang-Hyeop,Lee, Chul-Woo,Rhu, Ji-Sung,Choi, Sung-Su,Rhu, Hong-Il,Choi, Doug-Il 한국독성학회 1998 Toxicological Research Vol.14 No.3
Endocrine disruptor is an exogenous substance that changes endocrine function and causes adverse effects at the level of the organism, its progeny, and/or (sub)populations of the organisms. Purported adverse effects are cancers, declines in reproductive health, developmental learning disabilities in humans, and declining populations, altered morphology, physiology or behavior in wildlife. In these days, expert groups on chemicals in IPCS, IFCS and OECD are intensively discussing the identification of endocrine disruptors and the proper management of those chemicals. In this study, we screened the endocrine disrupting effects of lead using fertilized eggs of Oryzias latipes. In brief, the eggs were exposed to lead with different concentrations at Ringer's solution, and the mortality, the incidence of deformation, the body movement and the hatching success were determined after incubation. The histological analysis of normal and deformed larvae was also carried out. Compared to control, the mortality and the heart rate of eggs and/or larvae increased, but the hatching success and the tail movement decreased. The morphological observation showed the asymmetrical deformation of larvae and the distortion of spinal cord. The absorption of the liquid in yolk sac was hindered. The adverse effects of lead in the ontogeny of fertilized eggs of Oryzias latipes seemed to be stronger in pH5.6 than in pH7.5 solution. In summary, lead showed adverse effects on the ontogeny of fish fertilized eggs plays critical role in regulating biological systems and controlling developmental processes as an endocrine disruptor.
Subcloning and Chromosomal Integration of the Yeast Threonine Synthase Gene THR4
Sohn, Young Doug,Lea, Ho Zoo,Lea, Woo Young,Choi, Seoung Il 한국유전학회 1990 Genes & Genomics Vol.12 No.4
The yeast gene THR4 encodes the threonine synthase (E.C. 4.2.99.2) which catalyses the last step of the threonine biosynthesis pathway. A recombinant plasmid pYL1 (22.0 kbp, vector YCp50) has been cloned into E. coli HB101 from a yeast genomic library through its complementing activity of the thr4 mutation in a yeast recipient strain M21-59. When subcloned into pYL12 (12.4 kbp, vector YCp50) and pYL121 (10.0 kbp, vector YIp5), the ClaI - ClaI fragment (4.4 kbp) of pYL1 insert was positive in threonine complementing activity in M21-59. The KpnI linearized pYL121 was introduced into the original recipient yeast strain and mitotically stable chromosomal integrants were identified among transformants. Through the tetrad analysis, the integration site of pYL121 was localized to the region of THR4 structural gene at the expected right arm of yeast chromosome III. Thus, it was also genetically proved that the cloned ClaI fragment contains the yeast THR4 structural gene.
Park, Yong Il,Nam, Sang Hwan,Kim, Jeong Hyun,Bae, Yun Mi,Yoo, Byeongjun,Kim, Hyung Min,Jeon, Ki-Seok,Park, Hyo Sun,Choi, Joon Sig,Lee, Kang Taek,Suh, Yung Doug,Hyeon, Taeghwan American Chemical Society 2013 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.117 No.5
<P>Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been studied as novel bioimaging probes owing to the absence of autofluorescence and excellent photostability. For practical applications, biocompatible UCNPs with high upconversion efficiency, bright luminescence, and good colloidal stability are desirable. Herein, we report a quantitative and systematic study on the upconversion luminescence from a set of NaYF<SUB>4</SUB>:Yb<SUP>3+</SUP>,Er<SUP>3+</SUP>-based nanoparticles by varying crystal structures, core/shell structures, and surface ligands. Upconversion luminescent properties in colloidal solution and at the single-particle level were examined. Hexagonal-phase core/shell UCNPs exhibited the most intense luminescence among various structures, while the excellent photostability was observed in all different types of UCNPs. To optimize the biomedical imaging capability of UCNPs, various surface coating strategies were tested. By quantitative spectroscopic measurements of surface-modified UCNPs in water, it was suggested that encapsulation with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-phospholipid was found to be effective in retaining both upconversion luminescence intensity and dispersibility in aqueous environment. Finally, UCNPs with different crystal structures were applied and compared in live cells.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2013/jpccck.2013.117.issue-5/jp3105248/production/images/medium/jp-2012-105248_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp3105248'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
장기 대기확산 모델용 안정도별 풍향 · 풍속 발생빈도 산정 기법
김정수,최덕일 ( Jeong Soo Kim,Doug Il Choi ) 한국환경영향평가학회 1996 환경영향평가 Vol.5 No.1
Meteorological Joint Frequency Function required indispensably in long-term air quality prediction models were discussed for practical application in Korea. The algorithm, proposed by Turner(1964), is processed with daily solar insolation and cloudiness and height basically using Pasquill`s atmospheric stability classification method. In spite of its necessity and applicability, the computer program, called STAR(STability ARray), had some significant difficulties caused from the difference in meteorological data format between that of original U.S. version and Korean`s. To cope with the problems, revised STAR program for Korean users were composed of followings; appicability in any site of Korea with regard to local solar angle modification; feasibility with both of data which observed by two classes of weather service centers; and examination on output format associated with prediction models which should be used.
Long‐Term Real‐Time Tracking of Lanthanide Ion Doped Upconverting Nanoparticles in Living Cells
Nam, Sang Hwan,Bae, Yun Mi,Park, Yong Il,Kim, Jeong Hyun,Kim, Hyung Min,Choi, Joon Sig,Lee, Kang Taek,Hyeon, Taeghwan,Suh, Yung Doug WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Angewandte Chemie Vol.123 No.27
<P><B>Hinterher!</B> Aufwärtskonvertierende Nanopartikel (UCNPs) wurden in lebenden HeLa‐Zellen verfolgt, und ihr aktiver Transport durch Motorproteine wurde in Echtzeit abgebildet. Die beachtliche Photostabilität der UCNPs und die unschädliche Anregung im nahen Infrarot ermöglichten die kontinuierliche Beobachtung lebender Zellen über einen Zeitraum von bis zu sechs Stunden.</P>
Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate 처리 남아프리카산발톱개구리에서의 vitellogenin 발현
박응로,이철우,류지성,남성숙,전성환,나진균,최덕일,박광식 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.1
The estrogenic potency of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) using reverse transcriptase-PCR response of liver vitellogenin mRNA in male African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) was studied. Male frogs were injected with DEHP at dose of 300 ㎍/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight through the dorsal lymph sac. After 4 days, using suitable pair of RT-PCR primers, vitellogenin mRNA induction in the liver was measured and DEHP showed vitellogenin mRNA induction in only the group treated with 300 mg/kg. Any significant histological abnormalities by the exposure of DEHP was not shown in both testis and liver.